河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 31-37.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.02.004

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

2017—2021 年河南省小麦区域试验品种(系)的品质性状分析

辛玉杰,刘继红,冯丹,赵光华,裴金花,尹海燕,王允,王红旗,刘冬梅,曹成,王俊艳,郑嘉,曹颖妮
  

  1. (河南省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量监督检验测试中心/河南省粮食质量安全与检测重点实验室,河南郑州450002)
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-09 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 曹颖妮(1981-),女,陕西咸阳人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事小麦品质分析与评价研究。E-mail:caoyingni0501@163.com
  • 作者简介:辛玉杰(1994-),女,河南周口人,研究实习员,本科,主要从事小麦品质分析与评价研究。E-mail:xinyujie321@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省农业科学院新兴学科发展专项(2022XK08);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2023ZC071)

Quality Character Analysis of Wheat Varieties(Lines)in Henan Regional Tests from 2017 to 2021

XIN Yujie,LIU Jihong,FENG Dan,ZHAO Guanghua,PEI Jinhua,YIN Haiyan,WANG Yun,WANG Hongqi,LIU Dongmei,CAO Cheng,WANG Junyan,ZHENG Jia,CAO Yingni   

  1. (Research Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Techniques,Henan Academy and Agricultural Sciences/Cereal Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Henan Cereal Quality Safety and Testing Key Laboratory,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2022-10-09 Published:2023-02-15 Online:2023-04-03

摘要: 为了解近5 a来河南省小麦品质变化,对2017—2021年河南省729个区域试验小麦品种(系)的籽粒品质和面粉加工品质进行分析。结果表明,参试小麦品种(系)籽粒蛋白质含量、容重均值较高,能达到强筋小麦标准;湿面筋含量、吸水量均值均能达到中强筋小麦标准,稳定时间、能量、最大拉伸阻力均值均能达到中筋小麦标准。随着年份的推移,容重、湿面筋含量、吸水量和最大拉伸阻力基本上呈上升趋势,蛋白质含量呈下降趋势,但均值较高,绝大部分能达到中强筋及以上水平,说明河南省参试小麦籽粒的蛋白质质量在逐渐提高。参试小麦品种(系)中,达到强筋、中强筋、中筋、弱筋的小麦品种(系)分别占2.9%、8.2%、88.6%、0.3%,说明河南省小麦品种(系)仍以中筋为主。综上,稳定时间、能量和最大拉伸阻力是制约强筋和中强筋小麦育种的关键因素,蛋白质质量仍是目前河南省小麦有待突破的关键品质指标。

关键词: 小麦, 区域试验, 品质性状, 品种分类, 河南省

Abstract: In order to investigate wheat quality variations from 2017 to 2021 in Henan Province,729 varieties(lines)collected from regional test in Henan Province were analyzed for grain quality and flour processing quality.The results showed that the averages of grain protein content and grain volume weight were higher,reached the standard of strong gluten wheat;the average values of wet gluten content and water absorption reached the standard of medium‑strong gluten wheat,and the average values of stabilization time,energy and maximum tensile resistance reached the standard of middle gluten wheat.As the years went on,the grain volume weight,wet gluten content,water absorption and maximum tensile resistance basically showed upward trend,protein content showed downward trend,but its average value was higher,and majority of them could reach the level of medium‑strong and strong gluten wheat.This consequence indicated that protein quality of the tested wheat grains was gradually improving in Henan Province.Among the tested varieties(lines),the proportions of wheat with high‑quality strong gluten,medium‑strong gluten,medium gluten and weak gluten were 2.9%,8.2%,88.6% and 0.3% respectively,indicating that the wheat varieties(lines) in Henan Province were still dominated by medium gluten. From the above analysis,it can be seen that stabilization time,energy and maximum tensile resistance are the key factors restricting strong and medium‑strong gluten varieties,and protein quality is still the key quality indicator for wheat in Henan Province to be broken through.

Key words: Wheat, Regional test, Quality traits, Classification of varieties, Henan Province

中图分类号: