河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 53-60.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.006

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同滴施量艾氟迪对棉花光合特性及成铃规律的影响

李文姗1,张俊尧1,王家勇1,李亚兵2,徐文修1,徐清华1,娄善伟3,唐江华1   

  1. (1.新疆农业大学农学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;2.中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南 安阳 455000;3.新疆农业科学院棉花工程中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000)
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-06 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-03-07
  • 通讯作者: 徐文修(1962-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,博士,主要从事绿洲农作制度与资源高效利用研究。E-mail:xjxwx@sina.com
  • 作者简介:李文姗(1998-),女,新疆伊犁人,硕士,主要从事棉花高产栽培研究。E-mail:1943496327@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项(2020E0216);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1001001);新疆维吾尔自治区研究生创新项目(XJ2021G160)

Effects of Different Dosages of AFD on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Boll Formation of Cotton

LI Wenshan1,ZHANG Junyao1,WANG Jiayong1,LI Yabing2,XU Wenxiu1,XU Qinghua1,LOU Shanwei3,TANG Jianghua1   

  1. (1.Agricultural College,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;2.Institute of Cotton,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China;3.Cotton Engineering Center of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830000,China)
  • Received:2022-07-06 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2023-03-07

摘要: 以植物生长调节剂艾氟迪(AFD)为研究对象,探索其对棉花光合特性、成铃规律及产量形成的影响并筛选出最适宜的艾氟迪滴施量。于2021 年4—10 月进行田间试验,设置0 g/hm2[对照(CK)]、1 050 g/hm2(A)、1 350 g/hm2(B)、1 650 g/hm2(C)、1 950 g/hm2(D)、2 250 g/hm2(E)、2 550 g/hm2(F)7个处理,分别于始花期7月6日(15%)和盛花期7月14日(85%)滴施2次,分析不同滴施量对棉花光合特性、成铃规律及籽棉产量的影响。结果表明,从7月10日起至8月10日SPAD值呈先增后降的变化趋势,8月1日各处理基本达到最大值,表现为D>E>C>B>A>CK>F;随着生育进程的推进叶面积指数(LAI)呈先增后降的趋势,盛铃期时各处理基本达到最大值,表现为D>E>C>F>B>A>CK;花铃期时棉花净光合速率(Pn)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)均大于盛铃期,花铃期时随着艾氟迪用量的增加Pn基本呈增加的趋势,而Ci呈相反的变化规律;艾氟迪在促进棉铃成铃率和抑制棉铃脱落率方面效果明显;当处理水平为1 650 g/hm2时,单株铃数和单铃质量较CK有显著提高,同时获得的籽棉产量最高。综合考虑,艾氟迪滴施量以1 650 g/hm2最佳。

关键词: 植物生长调节剂, 艾氟迪, 棉花, 滴施, 光合作用, 成铃规律

Abstract: In this study,the effects of plant growth regulator AFD on photosynthetic characteristics,boll‑forming rule and yield formation of cotton were investigated,and the optimal drip application amount of AFD was selected. Field trials were conducted from April to October 2021. Seven treatments were set as 0 g/ha(CK),1 050 g/ha(A),1 350 g/ha(B),1 650 g/ha(C),1 950 g/ha(D),2 250 g/ha(E),2 550 g/ha(F).They were applied on July 6 at the beginning of flowering(15%)and at July 14 at the full flowering(85%).The effects of different dosages of AFD on photosynthetic characteristics,boll‑forming rule and yield of cotton were analyzed. The results showed that the SPAD value increased firstly and then decreased from July 10 to August 10,and basically reached the maximum value on August 1,in the order of D>E>C>B>A>CK>F. Leaf area index(LAI)showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the advance of growth process,and each treatment basically reached the maximum value at the full boll stage,presenting as D>E>C>F>B>A>CK. Both Pn and Ci of cotton in blooming stage were greater than those in full boll stage. Pn showed an increasing trend with the increase of the dosage of AFD in blooming stage,while Ci showed an opposite change pattern. AFD had obvious effect on promoting boll formation rate and inhibiting boll shedding rate. When the treatment level was 1 650 g/ha,the boll number per plant and single boll weight were significantly increased compared with the control,and the grain yield was the highest.In conclusion,1 650 g/ha was the best dose of AFD in this study.

Key words: Plant growth regulator, AFD, Cotton, Drip application, Photosynthesis, Boll formation law

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