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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Materials on Microbial Community in Winter Rapeseed⁃Maize Rotation in Yellow Soil WEI Quanquan, GU Xiaofeng, GOU Jiulan, ZHANG Meng, RAO Yong, XIAO Huagui Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (6): 41-50.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.005 Abstract （1194）      PDF （6331KB）（346）       Knowledge map    Save To provide scientific basis for improving soil fertility and yield and quality of rape and maize in Guizhou province，the effect of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic materials on soil microbial community in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation in yellow soil was discussed. Long⁃term positioning experiment of different organic materials application was conducted in Guiyang City，Guizhou Province for four consecutive years from 2018 to 2021. Five treatments［no nitrogen fertilizer（T1，CK），normal nitrogen fertilizer（T2），and normal nitrogen fertilizer+ straw（T3），normal nitrogen fertilizer+ biochar（T4）and normal nitrogen fertilizer+commercial organic fertilizer（T5）］were set up，and soil samples were collected from different treatments after rapeseed harvest in May 2021 to study the effects of different treatments on soil microbial communities. The results showed that the number of bacterial OTU（operational taxonomic units）treated with T1—T5 was 3 557，3 413，3 315，3 452 and 3 468，and the number of fungal OTU was 1 530，1 196，1 488，1 428 and 1 579，respectively. Compared with T1 treatment，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials（T2—T5），the Chaol index and Shannon index of the soil bacterial community increased by 0.67%—7.79% and 0.30%—1.36%，the Simpson index decreased by 2.94%—11.76%. In the soil fungal community，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials，the Chaol index and Shannon index increased by 9.64%—20.66% and 29.55%—61.86%，respectively，and the Simpson index decreased by 55.83%—89.52%. Community abundance and LEfSe analysis showed that，compared to the T1 treatment，applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials altered the abundance of bacterial dominant species in soil.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria，Chloroflexi，and Actinobacteria increased by 1.74%—24.05%，9.03%—29.06% and2.13%—12.12%，respectively. The relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased by 17.78%—42.79% and 12.61%—14.68%，respectively.The relative abundance of Ascomycota，Mortierellomycota，Unclassified_k_Fungi，and Rozellomycota in soil decreased by 2.79%—41.84%，33.14%—54.85%，4.13%—69.97% and 37.64%—79.47%，respectively.The relative abundance of Basidiomycota increased by 29.78%—249.21%，and Fusarium decreased by 4.95%—55.77%.To sum up，nitrogen fertilizer and combined application of organic materials can the microbial environment and the microbial community composition and diversity of soil in yellow soil in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation.Combined application of organic materials can improve the soil microbial environment by improving the beneficial flora，reducing or inhibiting the harmful flora to a certain extent，thereby improving the soil fertility of yellow soil. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Altitude on the Fungal and Bacterial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Rosa roxburghii Tratt LI Yinfeng, LIU Xiaozhu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2023, 52 (10): 82-91.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.10.009 Abstract （1050）      PDF （7299KB）（221）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of altitude on the diversity of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of Rosa roxburghii Tratt were studied，which would provide reference for isolating plant growth‑promoting rhizobacteria.The composition and potential functions of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil from different altitudes［1 550 m（B1），1 650 m（B2），1 750 m（B3），1 850 m（B4）and 2 050 m（B5）］were analyzed by high‑throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the number of fungi and bacteria species in rhizosphere soil of R.roxburghii from different altitudes was different.The number of fungi and bacteria species in B2 was the highest，while that in B3 was the least. Altitude influenced the distribution of fungi and bacteria.Unclassified_g__Fusarium showed a trend of first decreasing，then increasing，and then decreasing with increasing altitude，while uncultured_Sphingomonadaceae_bacterium_g__Sphingomonas showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.In addition，the fungi and bacteria resources in the rhizosphere of R.roxburghii had multiple functions，and the distribution of fungal functions in the rhizosphere varied with altitude.Therefore，altitude affects the composition and diversity of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of R.roxburghii. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Microbial Biomass，Enzyme Activity，and Soybean Yield in Black Soil Areas KONG Fandan, ZHOU Lijun, ZHENG Meiyu, ZHANG Zuohe, YANG Zeyi, WU Juan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 87-95.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.010 Abstract （1150）      PDF （3173KB）（257）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the effects of straw coverage on soil microbial biomass，enzyme activity，and soybean yield in black soil areas，Kenfeng 16 was used as the experimental material. Four treatments were set up，including no straw coverage（CK），0.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T1），1.0 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T2），and 1.5 kg/m2 straw return coverage（T3），to determine the number of bacteria，fungi，actinomycetes，and the activity of urease and catalase in the soil of the cultivation layer during the soybean growth period，and soybean yield，and compare and analyze the effects of different straw coverage amount on soil microbial biomass，enzyme activity，and soybean yield.The results showed that the number of soil bacteria showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing throughout the entire growth period of soybean，with T2 treatment having the highest total number of bacteria，which increased by 33.08%，9.30%，and 65.38% compared to T1，T3，and CK treatments，respectively.The number of fungi showed a trend of first increasing，then decreasing，and then increasing and then decreasing，with T2 treatment having the highest total number of fungi. The overall number of actinomycetes showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing，and increased with the increase of straw coverage.The urease activity of each treatment showed T1>T2>T3>CK，and the straw covering treatment increased by 32.64%，29.42%，and 18.23% compared to CK treatment，respectively.The activity of catalase showed T2>T3>T1>CK，and the enzyme activity reached the highest in different treatments during the flowering period. The soybean yield under straw cover treatment was significantly higher than that under CK. The impact of straw cover on soybean yield did not continue to increase with the increase of straw cover，with T2 treatment having the highest yield.There was a significant positive correlation between soybean yield and urease activity，bacterial count，and fungal count；There was a significant positive correlation between catalase activity and urease activity，as well as the number of fungi. In summary，under the conditions of this study，1.0 kg/m2 straw coverage is the optimal straw coverage amount. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of Biochar on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Structure of Flue‑cured Tobacco Varieties with Different Resistance to Black Shank Disease REN Zhichao, LI Xiang, LI Xianfeng, WU Lili, WANG Jing, PENG Zhiliang, LIU Guoshun, YIN Quanyu Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (1): 105-115.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.012 Abstract （1400）      PDF （5609KB）（202）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the effect of biochar on the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease，and to provide theoretical basis for regulating tobacco microenvironment and comprehensively controlling black shank disease，pot experiments were conducted with different flue‑cured tobacco varieties Jingyehuang（highly susceptible variety），K326（moderately resistant variety）and NC82（highly resistant variety）as materials，and no tobacco cultivation was used as control（CK）.Two levels of biochar and no biochar were set up，with a total of eight treatments，and the effect of biochar on fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank was explored by high‑throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that，after applying biochar，the incidence and disease index of black shank disease of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease were significantly reduced，and the control effects for highly susceptible variety Jingyehuang，moderately resistant variety K326 and highly resistant variety NC82 were 56.52%，31.00% and 27.00% respectively. Under the condition of no biochar application，the fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil of high‑resistance variety NC82 and high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang was relatively higher，while that of middle‑resistance variety K326 was relatively lower. After biochar application，the fungal diversity of middle‑resistance variety K326 increased significantly，while the fungal diversity of high‑sensitivity variety Jingyehuang and high‑resistance variety NC82 decreased in different degrees. LefSe analysis showed that the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil of different resistant flue‑cured tobacco varieties were significantly different without biochar application，and the application of biochar changed the key microbial groups in rhizosphere soil，with obvious differences among varieties. PCoA analysis showed that under the condition of no biochar application，compared with the soil without tobacco planting，the sample points of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties were obviously separate，and the application of biochar changed the fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of three flue‑cured tobacco varieties.To sum up，applying biochar can significantly reduce the occurrence of tobacco black shank disease.The rhizosphere soil fungal community structure of flue‑cured tobacco varieties with different resistance to black shank disease has different responses to biochar input. In production，variety factors should be considered when using biochar to improve soil and tobacco microecological environment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Soybean and Maize Stubbles on Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Winter Wheat Rhizosphere Soil GUO Hui, LIAN Yanhao, ZHAO Zhibo, REN Yongzhe, WANG Zhiqiang, LIN Tongbao Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2024, 53 (7): 79-89.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.07.009 Abstract （1902）      PDF （3686KB）（600）       Knowledge map    Save To explore the differences in the effects of maize stubble and soybean stubble in the Huang‑Huai‑Hai area，in 2023，rhizosphere soil samples at the jointing stage of winter wheat were collected under the conditions of long‑term positioning test fields for up to 4 years（2019—2023）.The responses of rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure and function to no nitrogen application（N0）and conventional nitrogen application（N240，pure nitrogen 240 kg/ha） were studied by using 16S high‑throughput sequencing technology combined with Tax4Fun2 function prediction analysis in the jointing stage of winter wheat under maize（M）stubble and soybean（S）stubble，respectively.There were four treatments（MN0，SN0，MN240，SN240）in total.The results showed that，at the phylum level，Proteobacteria，Acidobacteria，Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteriota were the dominant rhizosphere bacteria of winter wheat with a relative abundance of 66.66%—69.56%.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in S stubble was significantly increased by 19.10% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05），and under N240 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in S stubble was significantly increased by 11.90% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）.At the order level，Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales were the dominant bacteria with a relative abundance of 18.42%—19.68%. Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of Vicinamibacterales in S stubble was significantly reduced by 13.69% compared with that in M stubble（P<0.05）；The relative abundance of Burkholderiales was increased significantly by 11.31%（P<0.05）.Through the Tax4Fun2 function prediction and the KEGG data comparison，it was found that there were significant differences in the relative abundance of seven functional pathways under the metabolism category under N0 nitrogen application rate（P<0.05），and correlation analysis further revealed that there was a significant correlation between Vicinamibacterales and Burkholderiales and amino acid metabolism pathways（P<0.01）.There were 26 functional genes involved in soil nitrogen cycling pathway in winter wheat soil bacteria，and the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes accounted for the largest proportion.Under N0 nitrogen application rate，the relative abundance of denitrification functional genes norB，norC and nirS in M stubble was significantly higher than that in S stubble（P<0.05）.In conclusion，the stubble causes the soil bacterial community structure of winter wheat to change under different amount of nitrogen. Different stubble affects the nitrogen metabolism function of bacterial community by changing the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial community. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics