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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2017, 46 (2): 16-21.

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Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2019, 48 (6): 14-19,45.

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Effect of Water and Nitrogen Application Strategies on Annual Yield and Water Use of Wheat and Maize

YANG Yonghui, WU Jicheng, XU Weixia, PAN Xiaoying, ZHANG Jiemei, GAO Cuimin, HE Fang, WANG Yue

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2019, 48 (12): 8-14. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.002

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A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N fertilizer topdressing ratio(A1:30%,A2:40%;240 kg/ha N for wheat,270 kg/ha N for maize) combined with three irrigation rates[B1—B3:0,2,3 times during the growth stage of wheat and maize respectively;450 m³/(ha·time) for wheat and maize] on soil water storage,photosynthetic physiological characteristics,annual yield and water use under irrigation with sprinkler belt,so as to determine reasonable N fertilizer topdressing ratio and irrigation amount for wheat and maize.The results showed that with the increase of irrigation rate,the soil water storage increased at heading stage and filling stage of wheat,filling stage and harvest stage of maize,while the soil water storage showed a decreasing trend at the harvest stage of wheat. More nitrogen fertilizer supply in the early stage of wheat was more beneficial to improve the photosynthetic rate,while moderate drought stress was more beneficial to improve leaf water use efficiency.With the increase of irrigation rate,the yield and water use efficiency of wheat increased at first and then decreased,while the biomass and 1 000-grain weight increased.A1B2 treatment had the highest wheat grain yield of 8 207.8 kg/ha,water use efficiency of 26.7 kg/(mm·ha) and irrigation use efficiency of 1.42 kg/m³.For maize,A2B2 treatment had the highest yield,while the water use efficiency and irrigation use efficiency of A1B3 treatment were the highest.The order of annual water consumption of wheat and maize was A1<A2.The annual yield of wheat and maize of A2B2 treatment was the highest,while the annual water use efficiency and irrigation use efficiency of A1B3 treatment were all the highest.

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Effects of Nutrient Allocation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat and Maize under Different Irrigation Methods

PAN Xiaoying, WU Jicheng, YANG Yonghui, GAO Cuimin, ZHANG Jiemei, WANG Yue, HE Fang

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2020, 49 (3): 17-23. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.03.003

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order to explore the best allocation of nutrient and water for wheat and maize,the effects of nutrient allocation[bottom application of N₃₄P₆K₈ 750 kg/ha(T1),bottom application of N₃₄P₆K₈ 750 kg/ha+topdressing pure nitrogen 75 kg/ha(T2),bottom application of N₂₈P₁₅K₅ 750 kg/ha(T3),bottom application of N28 P15 K5 750 kg/ ha + topdressing pure nitrogen 75 kg/ ha ( T4), bottom application of controlled-release fertilizer 600 kg/ ha(T5),bottom application of controlled-release fertilizer 600 kg/ha+topdressing pure nitrogen 75 kg/ha(T6),bottom application of N₂₈P₁₅K₅ 375 kg/ha+bottom application of controlled-release fertilizer 300 kg/ha(T7),bottom application of N₂₈P₁₅K₅ 375 kg/ha+bottom application of controlled-release fertilizer 300 kg/ha+topdressing pure nitrogen 75 kg/ha(T8)] on the annual yield and water use of wheat and maize were studied under different irrigation modes.The results showed that compared with the earthworm irrigation,mobile sprinkler irrigation and sprinkler irrigation could increase the plant height,spike length,spikelet number,grain number and 1 000-grain weight of wheat and maize;the wheat,maize and wheat-maize annual yields of sprinkler irrigation treatment increased by 1.64%—14.04%,1.40%—6.89% and 3.94%—10.07%,mobile sprinkler irrigation treatment increased by1.37%—12.88%,6.81%—16.47% and 6.71%—11.21%; irrigation use efficiency of wheat,maize and wheat-maize of sprinkler irrigation treatment increased by 0.26—2.03,0.19—0.90 kg/m³ and 0.57—1.27 kg/m³,and mobile irrigation treatment increased by 0.21—1.96,0.82—2.08 kg/m³ and 0.91—1.63 kg/m³;yields of wheat of T8 treatment were higher than those of other treatments under sprinkler irrigation and mobile sprinkler irrigation,maize and wheat-maize annual yields of T8 treatment were higher than those of other treatments under three irrigation methods. Overall,T8 treatment was the best under mobile sprinkler irrigation.

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Effects of Reduced Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Yield and Nutrient Utilization of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation of Water⁃Fertilizer Integration

ZHANG Lei, LI Huaisheng, LIU Jinxia, WANG Heya, LIANG Fei, WANG Guodong, LI Jinke, YANG Jie

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2021, 50 (7): 15-22. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.003

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No fertilization treatment（T1），supervised fertilization treatment（T2），supervised fertilization without nitrogen fertilizer treatment（T3⁃N），supervised fertilization without phosphorus fertilizer treatment（T4⁃P） and farmers’routine fertilization treatment（T5） were set up to study the effects of reduced application of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and nutrient utilization of spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration，so as to provide scientific basis for reduced application of fertilizer for spring wheat under drip irrigation of water⁃fertilizer integration. The results showed that reasonablewater and fertilizer operation could increase dry matter accumulation of spring wheat under drip irrigation. The dry weight of spring wheat of T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments was similar and high，followed by T2 treatment.The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of grain，glume，stem and leaf of T2，T3⁃N and T4⁃P treatments were higher than those of T5 and T1 treatments. The yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment significantly increased by 20.07% and 33.44% compared with T5 and T1 treatments respectively.Compared with T5 treatment，the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 25%，and the application rate of phosphate fertilizer of T2 treatment decreased by 112%，while the yield of spring wheat of T2 treatment did not reduce，even increased. Compared with the farmers’routine fertilization treatment，the fertilization treatments，（T2，T3⁃N，T4⁃P）with water and fertilizer integration could improve the agronomic efficiencies，partial productivities and utilization efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. In general，fertilization treatments with water and fertilizer integration can improve spring wheat yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency，reduce the amount of fertilizer application，and achieve the purpose of reduction of fertilizer without reduction of yield.

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Effects of Drip Irrigation and Fertilization on Root LayerSoil Nutrient Content，Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato

GUO Tao, XING Yingying, JIANG Wenting, LI Zhuoyuan, ZHANG Teng, MI Feiyao, WANG Xiukang

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2021, 50 (9): 16-25. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.09.003

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Using potato Holland 15 as the material，two planting tests were carried out in 2019. Three fertilization rates were set as follows：F1（application rates of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 240 kg/ha，120 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha respectively），F2（application rates of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 180 kg/ha，90 kg/ha and 225 kg/ha respectively） and F3（application rates of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 120 kg/ha，60 kg/ha and 150 kg/ha respectively）.Three drip irrigation rates were set as follows：W1（100% potato water requirement），W2（80% potato water requirement）and W3（60% potato water requirement）. With 60% irrigation water requirement and no fertilization treatment as control（CK），the effects of drip irrigation and fertilization on the root layer soil nutrient content，yield and water use efficiency of potato were studied，so as to determine the drip irrigation and fertilization mode for high⁃quality and high⁃yield potatoes.The results showed that for the average of the two tests，the contents of nitrate nitrogen，available phosphorus and available potassium in 0—60 cm soil layer of W1F3 treatment were 72.72%，58.00% and 69. 33% higher than those of CK，while W1F1 treatment was the lowest；W1F1 treatment had the highest wateruse efficiency of 113.1 kg（/ ha·mm），which was 153.5% higher than CK；W1F1 treatment had the highest yield of 26 164 kg/ha，which was 136. 98% higher than CK.By considering comprehensively，the best combination of drip irrigation and fertilization for potato was W1F1.

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