Abstract: By using NaCl solution to simulate salt stress，the effects of 200 mmol/L NaCl on the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT），as well as the contents of soluble protein（SP），proline（Pro）and malondialdehyde（MDA）in the leaves of Cyperus esculentus L.with Jisha No.2 as material，and the differentially expressed genes（DEGs）through transcriptome sequencing were analyzed，GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were conducted，and real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qRT‐PCR）was used to verify the genes in the enrichment pathways，so as to preliminarily understand the salt tolerance mechanism of Cyperus esculentus L..The results showed that with the extension of salt stress time，the activities of SOD，POD and CAT first increased and then decreased，and reached the maximum on the sixth day；The contents of MDA，Pro and SP increased.Transcriptome sequencing was performed with the leaves of Cyperus esculentus L.treated with salt for 6 d，and 869 up‐regulated DEGs and 972 down‐regulated DEGs were detected.For GO enrichment analysis，DEGs were mainly enriched in cellular processes and metabolic processes in biological processes，cellular anatomical entity and intracellular in cellular components，and binding and catalytic activities in molecular functions；For KEGG enrichment analysis，DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways such as plant hormone signal transduction，plant‐pathogen interaction，starch and sucrose metabolism，etc.qRT‐PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of TRINITY_DN10189_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN2983_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN4981_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN1242_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN7378_c0_g1 and TRINITY_DN2888_c0_g1 increased， and the expression levels of TRINITY_DN6117_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN7833_c0_g1，TRINITY_DN8066_c0_g1，and TRINITY_DN8212_c0_g1 decreased，which were similar to the result of RNA‐Seq，verifying the accuracy of the transcriptome result.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus L., Salt stress, Physiological characteristics, Transcriptome, GO, KEGG

摘要： 以吉莎2号为试验材料，采用NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫，分析200 mmol/L NaCl对油莎豆幼苗叶片中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及可溶性蛋白（SP）、脯氨酸（Pro）、丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响，通过转录组测序分析差异表达基因（DEGs），进行GO和KEGG通路富集分析，并对富集通路基因进行实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）验证，以期初步了解油莎豆耐盐机制。结果表明，随着盐胁迫时间延长，SOD、POD和CAT活性呈现出先上升后下降的趋势，在胁迫处理6 d达到最大值；MDA、Pro和SP含量随盐胁迫时间增加而增加。对盐胁迫处理6 d的油莎豆幼苗叶片进行转录组测序，检测到869个上调DEGs、972个下调DEGs。GO富集分析发现，DEGs主要富集于生物学过程中的细胞过程、代谢过程，细胞组分中的细胞结构体、细胞内，分子功能中的结合、催化活性；KEGG富集分析发现，DEGs主要富集于植物激素信号转导、植物-病原互作、淀粉和蔗糖代谢等通路。qRT-PCR分析发现，TRINITY_DN10189_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN2983_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN4981_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN1242_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN7378_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN2888_c0_g1等基因的表达量提高；TRINITY_DN6117_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN7833_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN8066_c0_g1、TRINITY_DN8212_c0_g1 等基因的表达量降低，与RNA-Seq结果相似，验证了转录组结果的准确性。

关键词: 油莎豆, 盐胁迫, 生理特性, 转录组, GO, KEGG