Abstract: Morphological observation and molecular biological identification were conducted on a wild strain of Pholiota spp.Additionally，the optimal temperature and pH value for its growth were screened，its ligninase activity was measured，artificial cultivation and domestication were carried out，and its nutritional components were analyzed.The results indicated that this wild Pholiota strain was identified as Pholiota adiposa.Its optimal growth temperature was 27 ℃，and the optimal growth pH value was 5.0.It exhibited strong ligninase activity. The strain could fully colonize the cultivation bag within 45 days.Primordia appeared 6 days after opening the bag，and it could produce 5 flushes of fruiting bodies.Through artificial cultivation，fruiting bodies were successfully obtained.The protein content in the fruiting bodies of P.adiposa could reach 300.0 g/kg，with high and relatively comprehensive amino acid content.The crude fiber content was 78.0 g/kg，and the selenium content was 0.150 mg/kg.The wild P.adiposa obtained has excellent cultivation characteristics and rich nutritional components. It can be used as a new high⁃quality germplasm resource of edible and medicinal fungi.

Key words: Pholiota adiposa, Identification, Biological characteristic, Artificial domestication, Nutritional component

摘要： 对一株野生鳞伞属真菌进行形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定，筛选最适温度和pH值，测定木质素降解酶活性，并进行人工栽培驯化和子实体营养成分测定。结果表明，此野生鳞伞属真菌是多脂鳞伞（Pholiota adiposa），最适生长温度为27 ℃，最适生长pH值为5.0，木质素降解酶活性强，可45 d满袋，开袋后6 d出现原基，可出菇5茬，通过人工栽培成功获得子实体。多脂鳞伞子实体蛋白质含量可以达到300.0 g/kg，氨基酸含量高且种类相对齐全，粗纤维含量达78.0 g/kg，硒含量为0.150 mg/kg。获得的野生多脂鳞伞具有优良的栽培特性与丰富的营养成分，可作为优质食药用菌新种质资源。

关键词: 多脂鳞伞, 鉴定, 生物学特性, 人工驯化, 营养成分