Abstract: To investigate the effects of spent mushroom substrate（SMS） of Cordyceps militaris on the growth，development，and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus，three SMS extraction treatments were designed：①extraction at 22 ℃ for 8 h；② extraction at 55 ℃ for 1 h followed by continuous extraction at 22 ℃ for 7 h；③ extraction at 80 ℃ for 1 h followed by continuous extraction at 22 ℃ for 7 h.The extracts were added to PDA medium at volume ratios of 50%，70%，and 90%，with an equal volume of sterile distilled water as the control.The mycelial growth rate was determined after static culture of Pleurotus ostreatus at 25 ℃.In addition，cultivation experiments were conducted：SMS was directly incorporated into the substrate at mass ratios of 10% and 20%，while the extracts were added to the cultivation substrate at volume ratios of 5% and 10%.After inoculation with P.ostreatus strain 4195，the mycelial full⁃bag time，fruiting body yield，agronomic traits，and nutritional components were measured.The results showed that extracts from 22 ℃ and 55 ℃ treatments，as well as the 50% addition rate of the 80 ℃ extract，significantly promoted mycelial growth of P. ostreatus. The highest mycelial growth rate was observed in the 50% addition rate of the 55 ℃ extract treatment，whereas the 70% and 90% addition rates of the 80 ℃ extract significantly inhibited mycelial growth. The mycelial full⁃bag time in all treatment groups was 1 day earlier than that of the control，and the 10% extract addition group had the highest biological efficiency（72.59%）.The fruiting bodies from the 20% SMS direct addition treatment had the highest crude polysaccharide and amino acid contents，which were 1.51×10^⁻²，2.42×10^⁻² g/g，respectively. UPLC⁃MS/MS analysis revealed that the contents of humic acid and fulvic acid in C.militaris SMS were 1.111，13.515 mg/g，respectively，both of which had promoting effects on mycelial growth.In conclusion，both the addition of C.militaris SMS extracts and direct SMS incorporation can effectively promote mycelial growth，shorten the growth cycle，increase yield，and improve fruiting body quality of P.ostreatus，which is mainly related to active substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid in the SMS.

Key words: Oyster mushroom（Pleurotus ostreatus）, Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom substrate, Extract, Mycelial growth, Humic acid（HA）, Fulvic acid（FA）

摘要： 为探究蛹虫草菌渣（Spent mushroom substrate，SMS）对平菇（Pleurotus ostreatus）生长发育及产量的影响，设置3种SMS浸提处理方式：① 22 ℃浸提8 h；② 55 ℃浸提1 h后继续22 ℃浸提7 h；③ 80 ℃浸提1 h后继续22 ℃浸提7 h。将浸提液按50%、70%、90%体积比添加至PDA培养基，以等量无菌蒸馏水作为对照，于25 ℃条件下静置培养平菇菌种并测定菌丝生长速度。另设栽培试验：将SMS按10%、20%质量比直接掺入培养料，将浸提液按5%、10%体积比添加至栽培基质中，接种平菇菌株4195后，测定菌丝满袋时间、子实体产量、农艺性状及营养成分。结果表明，22 ℃和55 ℃浸提液处理及50%添加量的80 ℃浸提液处理均显著促进平菇菌丝生长，其中50%添加量的55 ℃浸提液处理组菌丝生长速度最快，而70%和90%添加量的80 ℃浸提液则显著抑制菌丝生长。各处理组菌丝满袋时间均较对照提前1 d，其中10%浸提液添加组的生物学效率最高（72.59%）；20% SMS直接添加处理的子实体粗多糖与氨基酸含量最高，分别为1.51×10^-2 、2.42×10^-2 g/g；UPLC-MS/MS分析表明，蛹虫草SMS中胡敏酸和富里酸含量分别为1.111、13.515 mg/g，二者对菌丝生长具有促进作用。综上所述，直接添加蛹虫草菌渣及其浸提液均能有效促进平菇菌丝生长、缩短生长周期、提高产量并改善子实体品质，这主要与菌渣中胡敏酸和富里酸等活性物质有关。

关键词: 平菇, 蛹虫草菌渣, 浸提液, 菌丝生长, 胡敏酸, 富里酸