Abstract: To screen GATA genes that respond to salt stress in Dendrobium chrysotoxum，GATA gene family in Dendrobium chrysotoxum was identified using bioinformatics analysis.The expression and function of DchGATA genes under salt stress were analyzed by qRT‑PCR and yeast heterologous transformation experiments.The results showed that a total of 20 DchGATA genes were identified from the genome of Dendrobium chrysotoxum，which were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes and could be categorized into four subfamilies（Class Ⅰ，Class Ⅱ，Class Ⅲ，Class Ⅳ）. The physicochemical properties of DchGATA proteins showed that the amino acid residues of DchGATA proteins ranged from 140 to 609，the molecular weight was 15.31—68.23 ku，and the instability index was in the range of 42.01 to 76.67，all of which were hydrophilic and unstable nuclear proteins.The DchGATA genes had different numbers of exons and introns，and members of the same subfamily had similar numbers of exons，and all contained GATA or ZnF‑GATA conserved domains.Moreover，Motif1 and Motif7 were present in the majority of DchGATA family members. Cis‑acting element analysis revealed that a total of 14 types of cis‑acting elements were identified in DchGATA family members，encompassing 368 cis‑regulatory elements associated with light response，hormone regulation response，growth and development，and stress responses.The results of gene expression pattern analysis showed that the DchGATA genes were expressed specifically at different developmental stages，with DchGATA12，DchGATA18，DchGATA16，and DchGATA19 being highly expressed at the uncolored bud stage，while DchGATA1，DchGATA7，and DchGATA12 being highly expressed at the colored full‑fowering stage.Under salt stress，the expression of DchGATA11，DchGATA15，and DchGATA18 increased with stress duration，whereas the expression of DchGATA8 decreased.The yeast transformation experiments further confirmed the important role of DchGATA2、DchGATA18、DchGATA5、DchGATA11、DchGATA15和DchGATA9 in improving salt tolerance.The GATA gene family of Dendrobium chrysotoxum has the function of regulating plant response to saltstress.

Key words: Dendrobium chrysotoxum, GATA gene family, Physical and chemical properties, Salt stress

摘要： 为筛选鼓槌石斛中响应盐胁迫的GATA基因，利用生物信息学分析方法对鼓槌石斛中GATA家族基因进行了鉴定，并通过qRT-PCR和酵母异源转化试验分析了DchGATA 基因在盐胁迫下的表达和功能。结果显示，从鼓槌石斛基因组中共鉴定出20个DchGATA基因，不均匀地分布在12条染色体上，可分为4个亚家族（Class Ⅰ、Class Ⅱ、Class Ⅲ、Class Ⅳ）。蛋白质理化性质分析结果显示，DchGATA蛋白的氨基酸残基数为140~609个，分子质量为15.31~68.23 ku，不稳定性指数在42.01~76.67，均为亲水、不稳定的核蛋白。DchGATA基因具有不同数量的外显子和内含子，同一亚家族成员的外显子数目相似，且均包含GATA或ZnF-GATA保守结构域，且Motif1和Motif7存在于大多数DchGATA家族成员。顺式作用元件分析结果表明，DchGATA家族成员中共鉴定出14种顺式作用元件类型，包括光响应、激素调控响应、生长发育及胁迫应答等368个顺式调控元件。基因表达模式分析结果表明，DchGATA基因在不同发育阶段具有表达特异性，其中DchGATA12、DchGATA18、DchGATA16和DchGATA19在未着色花蕾期高表达，而DchGATA1、DchGATA7和DchGATA12在着色盛期高表达。在盐胁迫下，DchGATA11、DchGATA15和DchGATA18表达量随胁迫时间延长而上升，而DchGATA8表达量下降。酵母转化试验进一步证实了DchGATA2、DchGATA18、DchGATA5、DchGATA11、DchGATA15和DchGATA9在提高耐盐性方面具有重要作用。综上，鼓槌石斛GATA基因家族具有调控植物响应盐胁迫的功能。

关键词: 鼓槌石斛, GATA基因家族, 理化性质, 盐胁迫