河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 86-95.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.10.010

所属专题: 稻田生态种养专题

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻蟹共作稻田根际土壤微生物群落与水稻产量的关联分析

宋宇   

  1. (辽东学院,辽宁 丹东 118003)
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-05 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-12-12
  • 作者简介:宋宇(1971-),女,辽宁凤城人,高级实验师,主要从事环境微生物学研究。E-mail:763869365@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省2020年教育厅科研项目(LNSJYT202005)

Association Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community and Rice Yield in Rice‑Crab Farming System

SONG Yu#br#   

  1. (Liaodong University,Dandong 118003,China)
  • Received:2022-04-05 Published:2022-10-15 Online:2022-12-12

摘要: 为研究稻蟹共作稻田根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能与水稻生长和产量指标的相关性,设置施入生物有机肥的稻蟹共作稻田(HXTCS)和仅施入生物有机肥稻田(对照,YJTCS)的水稻大田试验,测定水稻的根长、株高、穗长、单穗粒数和千粒质量;利用宏基因组测序技术和Spearman相关法分析成熟期水稻生长和产量指标与根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能的相关性。研究结果表明,与对照YJTCS相比,稻蟹共作稻田中水稻的单穗粒数和千粒质量均显著提升(P<0.05);河蟹引入稻田后变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)的相对丰度分别下降了5.71%、16.12%、51.01%,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)相对丰度则分别增加了23.35%、41.36%、50.00%。HXTCS土壤中的Chao指数、Ace指数和Shannon指数较对照分别降低了11.22%、7.54%、2.00%。主成分分析结果显示,2个处理间微生物群落结构整体差异较大。Spearman 分析结果表明,绿弯菌门与株高和穗长均呈显著负相关(P<0.05);单穗粒数与酸杆菌门、Gemmatimonadetes_d_Bacteria、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和疣微菌门呈显著或极显著正相关。根际土壤微生物COG(蛋白质相邻类的聚簇)、KEGG(京都基因及基因组百科全书)和碳水化合物活性酶功能注释与水稻生长和产量指标均存在不同程度的相关性。综上,河蟹引入生物有机肥稻田后利于水稻产量指标提升,这与根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能变化有关。

关键词: 稻蟹共作稻田, 根际土壤, 宏基因组测序, 微生物群落结构, 群落功能, 水稻生长和产量

Abstract: In order to study the correlation of the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial community with rice growth and yield indexes in co‑cropping paddy field,the rice‑crab farming paddy field(HXTCS)with bio‑organic fertilizer and the paddy field only with bio‑organic fertilizer(YJTCS)as a control were set up to determine the root length,plant height,spike length,grain number per spike and 1 000‑grain quality of rice;Macrogenome sequencing technology and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the correlation of rice growth and yield indexes with community structure and function at maturity.The results showed that compared with YJTCS,the grain number per spike and 1 000‑grain quality of rice in the rice‑crab farming paddy field were significantly improved(P<0. 05).The relative abundances of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Euryarchaeota decreased by 5.71%,16.12%,and 51.01%,respectively,while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased by 23. 35%,41.36% and 50.00%,respectively.The Chao index,Ace index and Shannon index in HXTCS soil were 11.22%,7.54% and 2.00% lower than those in the control group,respectively.The results of PCA analysis showed that the overall microbial community structure was significantly different between the two treatments. Spearman analysis showed that Chloroflexi was significantly negatively correlated with plant height and panicle length,grain number per spike was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes_d_Bacteria,Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia. Rhizosphere soil microbial COG(clustering of protein neighbors),KEGG(Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia)and carbohydrate active enzyme functional annotations of the rhizosphere soil microbial community were all related to rice growth and yield indexes to varying degrees.In conclusion,introduction of crab into the bio‑organic fertilizer paddy field is beneficial to the improvement of rice yield indexes,which is related to the changes in the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial community.

Key words: Rice?crab farming system, Rhizosphere soil, Metagenome sequencing, Microbial community structure, Community function, Rice growth and yield

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