河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 73-83.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.03.009

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻蟹共生系统根际土壤菌群组成及主要代谢通路分析

宋宇   

  1. (辽东学院,辽宁 丹东 118003)
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-30 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-05-23
  • 作者简介:宋宇(1971-),女,辽宁凤城人,高级实验师,主要从事环境微生物学研究。E-mail:763869365@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省2020年教育厅科研项目(LNSJYT202005)

Microflora and Major Metabolic Pathways in Rhizosphere Soil of Rice⁃Crab Symbiosis System

SONG Yu   

  1. (Liaodong University,Dandong 118003,China)
  • Received:2021-09-30 Published:2022-03-15 Online:2022-05-23

摘要: 为明确稻蟹共生系统中水稻根际土壤微生物群落组成及主要代谢通路,以水稻单作为对照(CK),利用Illumina NovaSeq测序平台对2种稻田成熟期的根际土壤进行宏基因组测序,分析土壤细菌、古菌和真菌的种类、丰度差异以及微生物的主要代谢通路差异。结果表明,样品中细菌界占98.09%,古菌界占1.76%,真菌界和其他占0.15%。在细菌门水平上,2 种稻田的前4 个优势菌门均为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria),4种优势菌门在2种稻田的相对丰度为90.86%;在细菌属水平上,位居前四的菌属在稻蟹共生系统中的相对丰度均高于CK。在古菌门水平上,共有4个优势菌门,其中稻蟹共生系统中的奇古菌门(Thaumarchaeota)相对丰度为4.41%,是CK(0.48%)的9.19倍;在古菌属水平上,甲烷螺菌属(Methanospirillum)和甲烷丝菌属(Methanothrix)共占53.63%,是主要菌属。在真菌门水平上,优势菌门均为子囊菌门(Ascomycota),稻蟹共生系统中的子囊菌门相对丰度为72.58%,是CK(64.81%)的1.12倍;在真菌属水平上,相对丰度前十的菌属中,稻蟹共生系统的毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)相对丰度为23.62%,是CK(11.88%)的1.99倍,木霉菌属(Trichoderma)相对丰度为2.56%,是CK(0.92%)的2.78倍。宏基因组测序分析结果显示,无论细菌、古菌还是真菌,稻蟹共生系统的物种数均高于CK。共有1 594 699个非冗余基因注释到KEGG代谢通路中,分属421类代谢通路,稻蟹共生系统在前20类代谢通路的相对丰度均高于CK,说明河蟹引入生物有机肥稻田后丰富了微生物的物种组成,加强了物种代谢能力。

关键词: 稻蟹共生, 根际土壤, 菌群组成, 代谢通路, 宏基因组测序

Abstract: In order to clarify the microbial community composition and major metabolic pathways of ricerhizosphere soil in rice⁃crab symbiosis system,with rice monoculture applied with bio⁃organic fertilizer as the control,the rhizosphere soil of two kinds of rice fields at mature stage was sequenced by Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform to analyze the difference of species and abundance of bacteria,fungi and archaea,and the difference of main metabolic pathways of microorganisms. The results showed that the bacterial community accounted for 98.09%,archaeal community accounted for 1.76%,and fungal community and others accounted for 0.15%. At the level of bacterial phylum,the dominant phyla of the two paddy fields were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria,and the sum of the relative abundance of the four dominant phyla in two paddy fields was 90.86%;At the level of bacterial genus,the relative abundances of the top four bacterial genera in rice⁃crab symbiosis system were higher than those in the control group. At the level of archaeal phylum,there were four dominant phyla.The relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota was 4.41% in rice⁃crab symbiosis system,which was 9.19 times of the control group(0.48%);At the level of archaeal genus,Methanospirillum and Methanothrix accounted for 53.63%,which were the main genera in the samples. At the level of fungal phylum,Ascomycota was the dominant phylum.The relative abundance of Ascomycota was 72.58% in rice⁃crab symbiosis system,which was 1.12 times of the control group(64.81%);Among the top 10 fungal genera,the relative abundance of Chaetomium in rice⁃crab symbiosis system was 23.62%,which was 1.99 times of the control group(11.88%);Trichoderma was 2.56%,which was 2.78 times of the control group(0.92%).The results of metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that the number of species in rice⁃crab symbiosis system was higher than that in control group,regardless of bacteria,archaea or fungi.A total of 1 594 699 non⁃redundant genes were annotated into the KEGG metabolic pathway,belonging to 421 metabolic pathways.The relative abundance of the first 20 metabolic pathways in rice⁃crab symbiosis system was higher than that in the control group,indicating that the introduction of crab into the bio⁃organic fertilizer paddy field enriched the species composition of microorganisms and enhanced the metabolic capacity of species.


Key words: Rice?crab symbiosis, Rhizosphere soil, Microflora, Metabolic pathway, Metagenome sequencing

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