不同稻鱼模式对再生稻产量和品质的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以Y两优800、黄华占2个水稻品种为试验材料，设置稻鲫鱼模式（FR）、稻鳅模式（LR）、常规栽培模式（对照，CK），研究不同稻鱼模式对再生稻头季、再生季产量和品质的影响，以期为再生稻稻米品质的进一步提升奠定理论基础。结果表明，与CK相比，FR处理能显著提高两季稻谷总产量，黄华占和Y两优800的增幅分别为10.31%和9.80%，LR处理与CK差异不显著。2个水稻品种再生季稻米的糙米率、精米率均高于头季。黄华占再生季稻米整精米率较头季显著增加了20.16~22.25个百分点，且两季糙米率均以LR处理最高；Y两优800两季糙米率则以FR处理最高。2个品种的垩白粒率、垩白度均表现为再生季显著低于头季，头季均以LR处理最低；2个水稻品种稻米长宽比均表现为再生季大于头季，FR和LR处理与CK 均无显著差异。黄华占再生季稻米糊化温度显著低于头季，而Y两优800则相反；2个水稻品种头季稻米胶稠度均表现为LR、FR处理显著高于CK，分别增加27.12%~52.24%和12.54%~29.35%，但LR处理稻米胶稠度在再生季均表现为较CK降低。2个水稻品种稻米直链淀粉含量均表现为再生季显著高于头季，以LR处理最低；2个水稻品种稻米蛋白质含量均表现为再生季高于头季，除黄华占头季外，均以LR处理最高，且再生季均表现为LR、FR处理显著高于CK。综上，FR模式能显著提高两季稻谷总产量，FR、LR模式能不同程度地改善头季、再生季稻米品质。

关键词: 再生稻, 稻鱼, 稻鳅, 水稻产量, 稻米品质

Abstract: The effects of different rice‐fish modes［rice‐crucian（FR），rice‐loach（LR），conventional cultivation（CK）］on yield and quality of Yliangyou 800 and Huanghuazhan were studied in first season and regeneration season，so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the further improvement of ratooning rice quality.The results showed that the FR treatment could significantly increase the total yield of ratooning rice compared with CK，and the increasing ranges of Huanghuazhan and Yliangyou 800 were 10.31%and 9.80%respectively，while there was no significant difference between LR treatment and CK.The brown rice rate and polished rice rate of the two varieties in regeneration season were both higher than those in first season.The head rice rate of Huanghuazhan significantly increased by 20.16—22.25 percentage points in regeneration season compared with first season，the brown rice rates of LR treatment were the highest in two seasons，and the brown rice rates of Yliangyou 800 of FR treatment were the highest in two seasons. The chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of the two varieties in regeneration season were significantly lower than those in first season，and the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of LR treatment were the lowest in first season. The length‐width ratios of the two varieties were higher in regeneration season than those in first season，and there was no significant difference between LR，FR treatments and CK. The pasting temperature of Huanghuazhan in regeneration season was significantly lower than that in first season，while Yliangyou 800 showed the opposite result. Compared with CK，the gel consistencies of the two varieties of LR and FR treatments significantly increased by 27.12%—52.24% and 12.54%—29.35% respectively in first season，but the gel consistency of the two varieties of LR treatment significantly decreased in regeneration season.The amylose content of the two varieties was significantly higher in regeneration season than that in first season，and the amylose content of LR treatment was the lowest. The protein content of the two varieties was higher in regeneration season than that in first season，LR treatment had the highest value except for Huanghuazhan in first season，and LR and FR treatments were significantly higher than CK in regeneration season.Overall，FR model could significantly improve the total yield of ratooning rice，and FR and LR models could improve the rice quality with different degrees in first season and regeneration season.

Key words: Ratooning rice, Rice‐fish, Rice‐loach, Rice yield, Rice quality

中图分类号:

S511

陈璐, 陈灿, 黄璜, 隆斌庆, 马微微, 王忍, 张印. 不同稻鱼模式对再生稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2021, 50(12): 32-38.

CHEN Lu, CHEN Can, HUANG Huang , LONG Binqing, MA Weiwei, WANG Ren, ZHANG Yin. Effect of Different Rice‐Fish Modes on Yield and Quality of Ratooning Rice[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 50(12): 32-38.

图/表 3

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