关键词: 复合基质, 茄子秸秆, 鸡粪, 苦瓜, 育苗, 光合色素, 光合特性

Abstract: In order to improve the resource utilization of agricultural straw organic waste and seek for alternative substrate of peat seedling,with evergreen balsam pear as test material and traditional peat vermiculite perlite seedling substrate as control,eggplant straw and chicken manure were prepared into four kinds of composite substrates according to different volume ratio as four treatments (Veggplant ∶Vfresh chicken manure were 2∶8, 4∶6, 6∶4 and 8∶2, denoted as Q2X8, Q4X6, Q6X4, Q8X2), and the physicochemical properties of eggplant straw composite matrix and its effect on the seedling shape,physiological indexes,biomass and related physiological indexes of balsam pear were studied.The results showed that,the physical and chemical properties of eggplant straw composite matrix were in the suitable range for the growth of balsam pear seedlings, and the physicochemical indexes of Q8X2 and Q6X4 treatment were in the range of ideal seedling substrate.The plant height of Q6X4 treatment was the highest and that of Q2X8 was the lowest.Q8X2 treatment had the largest stem diameter, total leaf area, dry weight,root shoot ratio and strong seedling index,but there was no significant difference in stem diameter and dry weight compared with the control(P>0.05).The content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll a+b and carotenoids in Q8X2 was the highest,followed by the control; the content of chlorophyll b was the highest in Q8X2 treatment,followed by Q6X4. The net photosynthetic rate,root activity,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of Q8X2 treatment were the highest, among them root activity, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content increased by 9.41%,10.54% and 10.79% respectively compared with the control, and the difference was significant (P< 0.05).Therefore, eggplant straw composite substrate can replace the conventional peat seedling substrate for balsam pear seedling,and when the volume ratio of eggplant straw and fresh chicken manure is 8∶2,it is the most suitable to cultivate highquality and strong seedlings,which can be popularized and applied in production.

Key words: Composite matrix, Eggplant straw, Chicken manure, Balsam pear, Seedling raising;Photosynthetic pigment, Photosynthetic characteristics