河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 145-153.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.07.017

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

LED红蓝光质调控辣椒幼苗生长的光合机制研究

刘玉兵1,陈海燕2,王军伟1,黄科1,李洁1,刘明月1   

  1. (1. 湖南农业大学园艺学院/蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室/园艺作物种质创新与新品种选育教育部工程研究中心,湖南长沙410128;2. 河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,河南郑州450002)
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-17 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘明月(1958-),男,湖南衡阳人,教授,博士,主要从事蔬菜设施栽培研究。E-mail:13908462154@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘玉兵(1995-),男,山西柳林人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:蔬菜栽培生理与生态。E-mail:954020151@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-A-14);湖南省现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系项目(2018NK2022);湖南省科技计划项目(2018NK2022);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同任务项目(CAAS-XTCX2019025)

Photosynthetic Regulation Mechanism of Red and Blue LED Light Quality on Growth of Pepper Seedlings

LIU Yubing1,CHEN Haiyan2,WANG Junwei1,HUANG Ke1,LI Jie1,LIU Mingyue1   

  1. (1. College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province/Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410128,China;2. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2021-01-17 Published:2021-07-15 Online:2021-07-15

摘要: 长江中下游地区冬春季节低温寡照严重制约了辣椒幼苗的生长发育。分析光质对辣椒幼苗生长发育的影响,并从光合生理角度探讨LED光质的调控机制,为低温寡照天气下辣椒育苗提供新思路和新方法。以兴蔬215辣椒为试材,以白光为对照,设置红蓝光1∶1(RB)、红蓝光3∶1(3RB)、红蓝光6∶1 (6RB)、红蓝光9∶1(9RB)和红光(R)5个处理,光强均为150 μmol/(m2·s),光周期为12 h/12 h,研究了不同LED红蓝光质对辣椒幼苗生长、叶片光合特性和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明,辣椒幼苗株高和下胚轴长度随着红光比例的升高而增大,3RB和6RB处理的地上部分干、鲜质量和地下部分干、鲜质量均高于R处理。光响应曲线和CO2曲线显示,相同光强或相同CO2浓度下,3RB处理辣椒叶片Pn值始终高于对照和其他处理,且羧化效率(CE)、Rubisco最大羧化速率(Vmax)、最大电子传递速率(Jmax)、磷酸丙糖利用率(TPU)均为最高,但其与6RB处理差异不大。叶绿素荧光特性显示,随着R/B值的增大,辣椒幼苗叶片初始荧光(Fo)和最大荧光产量(Fm)均增大,但各个处理间的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)无显著差异。红蓝组合光处理辣椒幼苗叶片的非光化学淬灭(NPQ)显著高于单一红光处理。相对荧光强度结果显示,单一红光处理辣椒幼苗ΔK>0、ΔJ>0、ΔI>0、ΔL>0,而红蓝组合3RB、RB 光处理 ΔK<0、ΔJ<0、ΔI<0、ΔL<0。综上所述,3RB和6RB处理能显著提高辣椒幼苗叶片吸收、捕获光量子的能力,保护光合系统膜完整、光合电子传递顺畅,使辣椒叶片的最大光合速率、光饱和点、CE、 Vmax、Jmax、TPU较高,提升光合作用的同时较好地保护光合结构,减少光抑制,进而提高其地上和地下干物质积累。红蓝光3∶1和6∶1可为辣椒幼苗的生长发育提供较佳的光照环境,为低温寡照天气下辣椒育苗提供借鉴意义。

关键词: 辣椒, 发光二极管, 生长发育, 光合特性, 荧光特性

Abstract: The low temperature and weak light in winter and spring in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River severely restricted the growth and development of pepper seedlings. In this paper,the effect of light quality on the growth and development of pepper seedlings was analyzed,and the regulation mechanism from photosynthetic physiology was discussed to provide new ideas and methods for pepper seeding under low temperature and weak light condition.Using pepper Xingshu 215 as the test material,five LED light quality treatments,R/B=1∶1(RB),R/B=3∶1(3RB),R/B=6∶1(6RB),R/B=9∶1(9RB),and red light(R),were set and white light was used as control. Light intensity was 150 μmol(/m2·s),and light period was 12 h/12 h.The parameters of growth,photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of pepper seedlings were measured.Results showed that the plant height and hypocotyl length of pepper seedlings increased with increasing of R/B ratio. The dry and fresh weights of the aboveground and underground parts of 3RB and 6RB treatments were higher than those of R treatment.Under the same light intensity or CO2 concentration,the Pn value of pepper leaves of 3RB treatment was always higher than that of the control and other treatments. The values of carboxylation efficiency(CE),maximum carboxylation rate(Vmax),maximum electron transfer rate(Jmax),triose phosphate utilization rate(TPU)of 3RB treatment were all the highest,but no significant difference was observed between 3RB and 6RB treatments. As the R/B ratio increased,the values of Fo and Fm increased,but no significant difference in the Fv/Fm value existed between the treatments. The values of NPQ under R&B combination light treatments were significantly higher than that of R treatment. Under R treatment,the values of ΔK,ΔJ,ΔI,ΔL were all above zero,while the values of ΔK,ΔJ,ΔI,ΔL were all below zero under R&B combination light treatments 3RB and RB.In conclusion,3RB and 6RB treatments can significantly improve the ability of pepper seedling leaves to absorb and capture light quantum,protect the integrity of the photosynthetic system membrane,smooth the photosynthetic electron transfer,increase the values of Amax,light saturation point,CE,Vmax,Jmax,TPU of pepper leaves,improve the protective ability of photosynthetic structure,reduce light inhibition,and improve the dry matter accumulation of the aboveground and underground parts. R/B=3∶1 and 6∶1 can provide a better light environment for the growth and development of pepper seedlings,which will provide a reference for the cultivation of pepper seedlings under low temperature and weak light condition.

Key words: Capsicum, Light emitting diode, Growth and development, Photosynthetic characteristics, Fluorescence characteristics

中图分类号: