关键词: 葡萄, 无机营养元素, 耐铝性, 主成分分析, 综合评价

Abstract: To prevent or reduce the harm of aluminum stress to grape,an effective identification method of aluminum tolerance from inorganic nutrition was searched, and aluminum tolerance genotype was obtained.The contents of 12 elements N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn,B,Mo,Cu and Al in leaves of 26 grape germplasm resources from different sources were determined under aluminum stress by soilless cultivation.Taking aluminum tolerance coefficient as the index of aluminum tolerance identification,principal component analysis, membership function and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the aluminum tolerance of different grape germplasm resources.The results showed that under aluminum stress,the contents of inorganic nutrient elements in different grape germplasm resources were significantly different.From the correlation analysis, it was found that there was a certain correlation between the aluminum tolerance coefficients of each element, which indicated that the information provided was overlapping,and it was inaccurate to use a single element to evaluate the aluminum tolerance of different grape germplasm resources.After principal component analysis of 12 single indexes,5 comprehensive indexes representing 85.095% of the original data information of grape aluminum tolerance were obtained.Then the contribution rate of these 5 comprehensive indexes was used to calculate their respective membership function values,and the comprehensive evaluation value(D value) of aluminum resistance of various germplasm resources was obtained by weighting. Based on the cluster analysis of D value,26 grape germplasm were divided into 3 categories, 7 cultivars, such as Vitis sinocinerea,Hongdiqiu,Heimeigui and so on,had strong aluminum tolerance;Taishan-1,Heitiwuji,Shuijing and so on,were moderately tolerant to aluminum;Tonghua-3,Gaoshan-2,Beta and other 9 germplasm resources were weakly tolerant to aluminum. Using the aluminum tolerance coefficient of each element as independent variable and D value as dependent variable,stepwise regression was carried out,and the optimal regression equation was obtained.The correlation between D value and predicted value of aluminum tolerance in 26 grape germplasm resources was very significant.The contents of K,Mn,Zn and B were selected as the identification index of aluminum tolerance of grape.This method not only could avoid the randomness and one-sidedness of evaluating aluminum tolerance of grape by using a single index,but also reflect the relationship between different aluminum tolerance related traits and aluminum tolerance in grape,so the evaluation results were more reliable.

Key words: Grape, Inorganic nutrient elements, Aluminum tolerance, Principal component analysis, Comprehensive evaluation