Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

Contents

2023, 52(6): 0.

Asbtract ( )

PDF (40451KB) ( )

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to further improve the economic efficiency of cotton fields and ensure the stability of cotton planting area，adapting to local conditions，changing the cotton cultivation technology，choosing the appropriate planting structure and crop layout have become important measures to promote the high⁃quality development of cotton production.Among them，the theoretical research and application of intercropping patterns in cotton fields have received wide attention.In view of the current research，the main intercropping patterns in cotton fields at home and abroad were summarized，and the advantages of various intercropping patterns in terms of yield increase were summarized.The effects of intercropping patterns on growth and development，photosynthetic characteristics，nutrient uptake and utilization，root morphological characteristics，yield and quality of cotton and soil physical and chemical properties were described.At the same time，the prospect of the application of intercropping patterns was made according to the current problems in the actual production of cotton.This paper will provide reference for future research on the application of intercropping patterns in cotton production in China.

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice with Good Taste in Southern Henan

LEI Zhenshan, LI Meng, WEI Yunfei, LIU Qiuyuan, LIU Juan, WANG Fujuan, JI Xin

2023, 52(6): 12-21. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.002

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1271KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to determine the suitable nitrogen fertilizer management method for japonica rice with good taste in southern Henan，the effects of different fertilizer management methods（T1：70% tiller fertilizer，T2：70% panicle fertilizer at third leaf to top，T3：70% panicle fertilizer at second leaf to top，T4：70% panicle fertilizer at first leaf to top，T5：30% tiller fertilizer+40% panicle fertilizer at third leaf to top，T6：30% tiller fertilizer+40% panicle fertilizer at second leaf to top，T7：30% tiller fertilizer+40% panicle fertilizer at first leaf to top）on yield and quality of japonica rice with good taste were studied under the conditions of 240 kg/ha nitrogen and 30% basal nitrogen fertilizer applied before transplanting with Nanjing 9108 as material.The results showed that，compared with the treatments without tiller fertilizer，application of tiller fertilizer could increase the number of effective panicles；topdressing panicle fertilizer was beneficial to the increase of percentage of productive tiller，grain number per panicle，proportion of high efficient leaf area and the SPAD value of high efficient leaf，which were higher in T5 treatment，and decreased the decay rate of leaf area and SPAD value of high efficient leaf，so as to increase the photosynthetic matter production in the later period.However，when the topdressing time of panicle fertilizer was delayed，the dry matter accumulation and grain yield showed a decreasing trend，and the grain yield of T5 treatment was the highest，which was significantly higher than the other treatments，followed by T6 treatment. For rice quality，topdressing panicle fertilizer and delay of panicle fertilizer were beneficial to the improvement of milling quality，but not conducive to the improvement of appearance quality and cooking quality.Among them，the chalky grain rate，chalkiness degree and protein content of T1 treatment were the lowest，followed by T5 treatment；the amylose content and taste value of T1 treatment were the highest，followed by T5 treatment.It is concluded that under the nitrogen application rate of 240 kg/ha，the suitable nitrogen fertilizer management method is 30% basal fertilizer+30% tiller fertilizer+40% panicle fertilizer at third leaf to top，which could improve the grain yield and give consideration to the rice quality，and is suitable for spreading and applying in southern Henan.

Expression Patterns of Genes of Four Transcription Factor Families in Different Ploidy Rice under Salt⁃Alkali Stress

HUANG Hai, QU Xiaojie, LIU Jinhai, PENG Zanwen

2023, 52(6): 22-33. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.003

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1817KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

With diploid rice（Oryza sativa L.） Guiyu 12 and its autotetraploid rice as experimental materials，the changes of expression patterns of bZIP（basic leucine zippers），MYB（V⁃myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog），AP2/ERF（APETALA2/ethylene response factor）and WRKY transcription factor family genes in diploid and tetraploid rice under saline⁃alkaline stress were studied，so as to lay the foundation for analyzing the saline⁃alkaline tolerance mechanism of different ploidy rice.The results showed that the same transcription factor gene in different ploidy rice had different responses to saline⁃alkali stress. Under salt stress，the induction（inhibition） degree of OsbZIP05，OsbZIP45，OsJAMYB and OsDREB1A（dehydration responsive element binding protein 1A）genes in tetraploid rice was higher than that in diploid rice.The expression trends of OsbZIP49，OsbZIP61，CSA（carbon starved anther），OsWRKY5，OsDREB41 and OsAP211 genes in tetraploid rice were completely opposite to that in diploid rice. Under alkaline stress，the induction（inhibition）degree of OsbZIP61，CSA，OsJAMYB and OsWRKY70 genes in tetraploid rice was higher than that in diploid rice.The expression trends of OsbZIP49，OsWRKY1，OsWRKY8，OsWRKY24，OsWRKY45，OsWRKY72，OsWRKY76，OsDREB1A and OsEREBP2（ethylene⁃responsive element binding protein 2） genes in tetraploid rice were completely opposite to that in diploid rice.In summary，the expression patterns of the same transcription factor gene in different ploidy rice under saline⁃alkali stress were significantly different，and the expression patterns of transcription factor gene in tetraploid rice induced by alkali stress were more complex.

Effects of Tea Polyphenols on Physiological Indexes and Pb Accumulation in Tobacco under Pb Stress

ZHANG Liushuang, XIE Hui, YANG Jinqing, HAN Jiaqi, BAO Zhijuan

2023, 52(6): 34-40. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.004

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1426KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To explore the effects of exogenous tea polyphenols on Pb stress in tobacco，a pot experiment was conducted to simulate soil lead（Pb，750 mg/kg） pollution to study the effects of pouring tea polyphenols（TP，0，300，600，900 mg/kg）on the key indicators of antioxidation and nitrogen metabolism in flue⁃cured tobacco K326 leaves，and biomass and Pb accumulation in tobacco plants.The results showed that tobacco plant biomass was significantly inhibited under Pb stress，and the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD），nitrite reductase（NiR），and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA），reactive oxygen species（ROS），hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂），nitrate nitrogen（NO₃^-⁃N）and soluble protein in tobacco leaves were increased，while the activities of catalase（CAT）and nitrate reductase（NR）were decreased；After adding tea polyphenols ，the biomass of tobacco plants and CAT activity of tobacco leaves were increased，excessive ROS and H2O2 were removed，MDA accumulation was inhibited，NR was activated，NO₃^-⁃N conversion was promoted，soluble protein production was reduced，and NiR activity was reduced.Pb stress increased Pb content in roots，stems and leaves of tobacco to 16.9，7.6 and 3.7 times of those in CK（normal growth group）respectively；After the addition of tea polyphenols，the content and accumulation of Pb in all parts and the whole plant were decreased compared with the single Pb stress treatment，especially the Pb content in roots under 300 mg/kg tea polyphenols treatment was significantly decreased by 83.9%.On the whole，the Pb accumulation in each part of flue⁃cured tobacco showed root>leaf>stem，but under 900 mg/kg tea polyphenols treatment，the accumulation of Pb in tobacco plant showed root>stem>leaf. In summary，pouring tea polyphenols can alleviate the oxidative damage and nitrogen metabolism inhibition of tobacco under Pb stress，promote the accumulation of dry matter in tobacco plants，reduce the absorption of Pb by tobacco plants，and thus weaken the toxicity of Pb to tobacco.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Materials on Microbial Community in Winter Rapeseed⁃Maize Rotation in Yellow Soil

WEI Quanquan, GU Xiaofeng, GOU Jiulan, ZHANG Meng, RAO Yong, XIAO Huagui

2023, 52(6): 41-50. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.005

Asbtract ( )

PDF (6331KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To provide scientific basis for improving soil fertility and yield and quality of rape and maize in Guizhou province，the effect of nitrogen fertilizer combined with organic materials on soil microbial community in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation in yellow soil was discussed. Long⁃term positioning experiment of different organic materials application was conducted in Guiyang City，Guizhou Province for four consecutive years from 2018 to 2021. Five treatments［no nitrogen fertilizer（T1，CK），normal nitrogen fertilizer（T2），and normal nitrogen fertilizer+ straw（T3），normal nitrogen fertilizer+ biochar（T4）and normal nitrogen fertilizer+commercial organic fertilizer（T5）］were set up，and soil samples were collected from different treatments after rapeseed harvest in May 2021 to study the effects of different treatments on soil microbial communities. The results showed that the number of bacterial OTU（operational taxonomic units）treated with T1—T5 was 3 557，3 413，3 315，3 452 and 3 468，and the number of fungal OTU was 1 530，1 196，1 488，1 428 and 1 579，respectively. Compared with T1 treatment，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials（T2—T5），the Chaol index and Shannon index of the soil bacterial community increased by 0.67%—7.79% and 0.30%—1.36%，the Simpson index decreased by 2.94%—11.76%. In the soil fungal community，after applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials，the Chaol index and Shannon index increased by 9.64%—20.66% and 29.55%—61.86%，respectively，and the Simpson index decreased by 55.83%—89.52%. Community abundance and LEfSe analysis showed that，compared to the T1 treatment，applying nitrogen fertilizer and organic materials altered the abundance of bacterial dominant species in soil.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria，Chloroflexi，and Actinobacteria increased by 1.74%—24.05%，9.03%—29.06% and2.13%—12.12%，respectively. The relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased by 17.78%—42.79% and 12.61%—14.68%，respectively.The relative abundance of Ascomycota，Mortierellomycota，Unclassified_k_Fungi，and Rozellomycota in soil decreased by 2.79%—41.84%，33.14%—54.85%，4.13%—69.97% and 37.64%—79.47%，respectively.The relative abundance of Basidiomycota increased by 29.78%—249.21%，and Fusarium decreased by 4.95%—55.77%.To sum up，nitrogen fertilizer and combined application of organic materials can the microbial environment and the microbial community composition and diversity of soil in yellow soil in winter rapeseed⁃maize rotation.Combined application of organic materials can improve the soil microbial environment by improving the beneficial flora，reducing or inhibiting the harmful flora to a certain extent，thereby improving the soil fertility of yellow soil.

Screening of Kidney Bean Varieties for Safe Production in Cadmium Polluted Farmland of Northwest Guizhou

CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu, LIU Guihua, WANG Li, JIANG Ya

2023, 52(6): 51-60. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.006

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1385KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the differences in the absorption and enrichment of cadmium（Cd） by different kidney bean varieties and the effects of varieties and environment on them，and to screen out the Cd low⁃enriched kidney bean varieties suitable for planting in northwestern Guizhou，13 local kidney bean varieties were used as materials，and in the Cd⁃contaminated farmland of L site and Y site in northwestern Guizhou，a field plot experiment was conducted.The results showed that the variety，the environment and interaction between variety and environment had extremely significant effects on yield and Cd content of kidney bean，respectively. There was significant difference in Cd content of different kidney bean varieties in the same place. The maximum value of Cd（in Hongpiqiuzijiadou） and the minimum value of Cd（in Bangda No.2） could be 10 times different in the same place.The bioconcentration factor（BCF_Cd）of Cd in soils for different kidney bean varieties in L site and Y site were 0.06%—0.0% and 0.13%—0.93%，respectively.The Cd content of 13 tested kidney bean varieties showed the safe level.The yield of Bangda No.2 was the highest among the 13 varieties，reaching 18 513.6 and 19 287.9 kg/ha in L and Y sites，respectively.In summary，13 kidney bean varieties can be used as recommended varieties for Cd⁃contaminated areas in northwestern Guizhou，and Bangda No.2 was preferred because of its high yield and low Cd content.

Screening and Health Risk Assessment of Low Accumulation Rice Varieties in Nickel Polluted Paddy Fields

ZHANG Xiujin, ZHANG Ronghui, CAI Jinghang, WANG Guokun, CHAI Guanqun, HUANG Chengling, FAN Chengwu

2023, 52(6): 61-69. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.007

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1270KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to screen rice varieties with low nickel（Ni）accumulation suitable for safe production in rice fields in the central Guizhou，field experiments were conducted to determine the Ni content in different parts of ten main rice varieties grown in the central Guizhou region.The accumulation and transport characteristics of Ni in brown rice were studied，and cluster analysis and health risk assessment were conducted.The results showed that the brown rice of Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest Ni content of 0.372 mg/kg，while Leyou 891 had the highest Ni content of 2.136 mg/kg among the ten rice varieties.Yixiangyou 800 had lower Ni bioconcentration and translocation abilities from rice husks to brown rice than the other nine rice varieties. Based on the clustering analysis of brown rice Ni content in different rice varieties，Yixiangyou 800 was classified as the low⁃value class（class Ⅰ）variety.The THQ（target hazard quotient）values of the ten rice varieties for different population groups were all less than 1，indicating no health risk.Health risk assessment showed that Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest THQ value，and combined with the Ni content in brown rice，it was recommended as a rice variety with low Ni accumulation for the central Guizhou.

Effects of Different Biogas Slurry Reflux Ratio on Anaerobic Fermentation Performance by Co⁃digestion of Chicken Manure and Corn Stover

ZHU Jiaoning, GAO Li, ZHANG Jingxuan, LI Yongping, TANG Yun, SHI Xiangyuan, WANG Xiuhong

2023, 52(6): 70-80. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.008

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1702KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to clarify the influence of biogas slurry reflux on anaerobic fermentation performance，experiments with different reflux ratios，0（control），25%，50%，75%，100% were carried out under the condition of mesophilic temperature（35℃）with chicken manure and corn stover as co⁃digestion materials by semi⁃continuous anaerobic fermentation.Parameters such as gas production，physical and chemical properties of the slurry and chemical oxygen demand（COD）removal rate were analyzed to establish the optimum biogas slurry reflux ratio of anaerobic co⁃digestion of chicken manure and corn stover.The results showed that the maximum total methane production 96.87 L，6.56% higher than that of the control（90.90 L）and the highest COD average removal rate 62.40%，2.18 percentages points higher than that of the control（60.22%）were obtained at the reflux ratio of 25%. The changes of pH，VFA，ammonia nitrogen and COD in the fermentation system were steady and the ratio of volatile fatty acids to total alkalinity（VFA/TA）less than 0.3 indicated the stability of the fermentation system.VFA，ammonia nitrogen and COD increased，the total methane production and COD degradation rate gradually decreased with the increase of reflux ratio when the reflux ratio was greater than 25%.When the reflux ratios were increased to 75%，100%，VFA and ammonia nitrogen increased rapidly with the extension of fermentation time，showing accumulation in the fermentation system，and the average contents of free ammonia（FAN）were 303.14，522.15 mg/L，respectively，which greatly exceeded the limit of FAN inhibition（200 mg/L）.When the reflux ratios were 50%，75%，100%，the total methane productions were 87.08，79.31，69.66 L，respectively，which were 4.20%，12.76%，23.37% lower than the control，and the COD average removal rates were 48.46%，37.85%，29.56%，respectively，which were 11.76，22.37，30.66 percentage points lower than that of the control group.The VFA/TA less than 0.3 indicated the stability of the fermentation system when the reflux ratio was 50%，and the VFA/TA more than 0.3 indicated the instability of the fermentation system when the reflux ratios were 75%，100%.In conclusion，the optimal reflux ratio is 25%.Excessive slurry reflux ratio enhances the accumulation of VFA andammonia nitrogen and inhibits the gas production in the anaerobic fermentation system.

Bioactivities and Synergistic Effects of Seven Biological Pesticides against Fusarium proliferatum in Dendrobium officinale

LIU Huifang, TIAN Xujun, WANG Xiaomin, XIAO Caiyun, LI Rongyu

2023, 52(6): 81-88. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.009

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1278KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This study aims to clarify the biological activity and synergistic effects of seven biopesticides against Fusarium proliferatum in Dendrobium officinale，and provide reference for green and efficient control of D.officinale soft rot disease in field.Mycelium growth inhibition method and field efficacy test were used to evaluate indoor toxicity and synergistic effects of seven biological pesticides against F.proliferatum.The results showed that all the seven agents had different inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of F.proliferatum，among them eugenol，osthole，tetramycin and shenqinmycin had better inhibitory effects，with EC₅₀ values of 0.38，4.92，0.32 and 1.85 μg/mL，respectively.The synergistic effect showed that different drug combinations also had different inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of F.proliferatum，among them eugenol+shenqinmycin（effective mass ratio was 1∶3） and tetramycin+shenqinmycin（effective mass ratio was 9∶1）had better inhibitory effects，with co⁃toxicity coefficient（CTC）values of 195.65 and 145.76，and EC₅₀ values of 1.35 μg/mL and 1.13 μg/mL，respectively.Eugenol+osthole（9∶1），osthole+shenzimycin（1∶1），and osthole+tetramycin（9∶1） also had better inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of F. roliferatum，with CTC values of 325.38，236.46 and 541.53，and EC₅₀ values of 2.86，1.23 and 0.75 μg/mL，respectively.Field and pot test showed that synergistic combinations had a good control effect on soft rot of D.officinale，when effective mass ratios of eugenol+osthole，osthole+shenzimycin，and osthole+tetramycin were 9∶1，1∶1，9∶1，respectively.In conclusion，all the seven biopesticides and their combinations have better control effects on soft rot of D.officinale，which could be used for controlling soft rot in field.

Taxonomic Identification of the Yeast Strain 4⁃41 and Characterization of the Antagonistic Mechanisms against Botrytis cinerea

ZHU Lulu, LIU Jinli, LU dan, CHAI Chunyue

2023, 52(6): 89-99. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.010

Asbtract ( )

PDF (4759KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to identify the antagonistic yeast strain 4⁃41，and characterize the antagonistic mechanisms，we identified the yeast strain 4⁃41 by the morphological characteristics and 26S rDNA sequence analysis，detected the antifungal activity by plate antagonism experiments and the interaction system between B.cinerea and cherry tomatoes，investigated the antagonistic mechanisms including the ability to produce volatile inhibitory substances，siderophores，ammonia，dissolve phosphate and zinc，and form biofilm.The results showed that the yeast strain 4⁃41 was identified as Cyberlindnera saturnus，which showed strong antagonism effect on six plant fungal pathogens，especially on B.cinerea，and could effectively inhibit the infection of B.cinerea on cherry tomatoes.The antagonism yeast strain 4⁃41 could produce volatile inhibitory substances，siderophores and ammonia，and dissolve phosphate and zinc oxide in the medium，and form biofilm. It could increase the activities of resistance related enzymes，including peroxidase（POD），phenylalanine ammonia⁃lyase（PAL），chitinase（CHI）and β⁃1，3⁃glucanase（GLU），and decrease the activity of polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in cherry tomato fruit. In conclusion，the antagonism yeast strain Cyberlindnera saturnus 4⁃41 can effectively inhibit the growth of B.cinerea，which also can be used as an effective antagonistic material for the biological control of B.cinerea.

A Study on Using in Vitro Microspore Culture Technique to Breed New Strains of Leaf Mustard with High Resistance to Bolting

TANG Bing, FU Wenyuan, ZHAO Lifen, YANG Wei, WANG Qingqing, QU Fei, WU Kangyun, DENG Ying

2023, 52(6): 100-110. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.011

Asbtract ( )

PDF (12651KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to rapidly select new bolting resistant varieties of leaf mustard，two genotypes of Guizhou local resources Weining leaf mustard and Xiuwen leaf mustard were used as donor materials for microspore culture in vitro.The results indicated that，embryos were induced in both genotypes，29.5 embryos/bud and 15.6 embryos/bud，respectively；Cotyledonous embryos were selected and inoculated into regeneration medium for induction culture to form regenerated plants，and the seedling rate reached 88.33%.The haploid induced by two genotypes showed the best doubling effect at a mass concentration of 100.0 mg/L of colchicine，with 52.00% and 67.40%，respectively.Five types of haploid，double haploid，aneuploid，haploid+diploid chimera，diploid+tetraploid chimera were detected in 260 regenerated plants. Among them，Weining leaf mustard had 87.50% haploid，8.75% double haploid and 3.75% other ploidy；Haploid，double haploid and other ploidy of Xiuwen leaf mustard accounted for 77.50%，17.50% and 5.00% respectively. In terms of field performance，haploid had no pollen，no seed，and the plant grew short；Haploid+diploid chimera showed normal flowering and fruiting，plant growth was strong and partial empty pods were in the chimera；Aneuploidy had pollen，but the pods were small，the seeds were small and not full，and the plant growth was weak；Double haploid，diploid+tetraploid chimera had good growth potential，with pollen，and full and abundant seeds.Therefore，ploidy can be determined based on the field performance of plants，and then selective ploidy detection can be performed.By using microspore culture technology，new excellent strains of leaf mustard with strong bolting resistance and weak tillering ability are obtained from Weining leaf mustard and Xiuwen leaf mustard.The new strains have a purity of 100.00%，solving the problems of insufficient purity and uneven field performance in conventional varieties，which affect large⁃scale production.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality of Chestnut Based on Three Methods

WEI Yuan, LÜ Mengyang, MA Yate, LIU Jing, WANG Xuan, WANG Dongsheng

2023, 52(6): 111-119. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.012

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1311KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

By measuring seven quality indexes of 12 chestnut varieties（lines） in Yanshan area，the significant difference analysis of each nutritional index was conducted. The affiliation function method，principal component analysis and K⁃means clustering method were applied to make a comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality.Finally，the effects of different analysis methods on comprehensive evaluation were compared，in order to provide reference for breeding excellent chestnut varieties.The results showed that there were significant differences in single fruit weight，standard deviation of single fruit weight，soluble sugar content，starch content，fat content，protein content and water content among 12 chestnut varieties（lines）.The starch content and fat content showed extremely significant positive correlation，while the soluble sugar content and water content showed significant negative correlation.By establishing the linear affiliation function of each index and ranking the quality according to the minimum membership principle，the top five varieties（lines）were Qianxi 42，Funing 12，Yanbao，Yanlong and Xinglong 1.Three principal components could be extracted according to the overall evaluation index using SPSS，and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 84. 647%. According to the scores of the three principal components and the corresponding weights，the top five varieties（lines） were Yanbao，Xinglong 1，Qinglong 47，Qianxi 42，and Funing 12.The 12 chestnut cultivars（lines）were clustered according to their fruit quality indicators by K⁃means clustering method，and the high⁃quality cultivars（lines）were determined to be Yanlong，Funing 8，Yanjing 8，Yanbao，Qinglong 47，Xinglong 1，and Qianxi 42.The three analysis methods had different algorithms and evaluation emphasis for different chestnut varieties（lines）.Based on the three evaluation methods，Yanbao，Xinglong 1 and Qianxi 42 had high comprehensive quality.In actual production，a more accurate conclusion can be obtained by using multiple methods for the comprehensive evaluation of chestnut quality.

Evaluation of Cold Resistance of Pomegranate Branches from Different Varieties

LEI Mengyao, GAO Xiaofeng, BAI Qingmin, DENG Ke, ZUO Weifang, LI Yuying

2023, 52(6): 120-130. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.013

Asbtract ( )

PDF (3088KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to screen cold resistant varieties of pomegranate，one year dormant branches of pomegranate varieties Tunisi，Zhongnonghong，Hongshuangxi and Qiancenghua grown in the Xichuan area were used as test materials. Under simulated low temperature stress conditions，they were treated at low temperatures of 4℃，0℃，-3℃，-6℃，-9℃，-12℃ and -15℃ for 24 hours，the relative electrical conductivity（REC），the content of proline，soluble sugar，soluble protein，and malondialdehyde（MDA），and the activities of peroxidase（POD），superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）were measured，and the cold resistance of pomegranate branches of four varieties was comprehensively evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that the LT₅₀ of Qiancenghua was the lowest，reaching−6.94℃，and that of Hongshuangxi was the highest，being -2.27℃.With the decrease of temperature，the POD activity，soluble sugar content，and relative conductivity of the branches of the four varieties showed an overall upward trend，the SOD and CAT activity，MDA and soluble protein content showed an overall upward and then downward trend，while the proline content showed an overall downward and then upward trend.The order of cold resistance of pomegranate varieties comprehensively evaluated by the method of subordination function is Qiancenghua>Hongshuangxi>Tunisi>Zhongnonghong.

Establishment and Identification of CHO Cell Line Stably Expressing S1 Protein of PDCoV

SUN Xueke, DING Peiyang, WANG Siqiao, LIU Siyuan, LI Minghui, CHANG Zejie, CHEN Yilan, LI Ruiqi, ZHANG Gaiping

2023, 52(6): 131-138. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.014

Asbtract ( )

PDF (2125KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To construct a CHO cell line stably expressing porcine deltacoronavirus（PDCoV）S1 protein，the recombinant plasmid pCGS3⁃S1 was electroporated into CHO cells，and monoclonal cell lines stably expressing recombinant S1 protein were screened by limited dilution method.The recombinant S1 protein was purified by anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography，and its activity was detected by indirect ELISA.BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant S1 protein，and the immunogenicity of the recombinant S1 protein was detected by indirect ELISA，indirect immunofluorescence assay（IFA）and virus neutralization test. The results showed that the CHO cell line stably expressing PDCoV S1 protein was successfully established，and the recombinant S1 protein with purity higher than 90% and yield of 28.5 mg/L was obtained. Moreover，the recombinant S1 protein had good reactivity with PDCoV positive serum，and had good immunogenicity，with the neutralization titer of 1∶128.To sum up，a CHO cell line stably expressing PDCoV S1 protein is successfully established，and the purified recombinant S1 protein has good biological activity.

Mechanism of Alginate Oligosaccharides Fermented with Gut Microbiota Inoculum against Salmonella enterica by Transcriptomic Analysis

CHENG Jiaying, XIAO Mengshi, REN Xinmiao, YU Ying, FU Xiaodan, MOU Haijin

2023, 52(6): 139-149. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.015

Asbtract ( )

PDF (6493KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the effect of alginate oligosaccharides（AOS）on S.enterica in the intestinal environment，AOS was prepared by enzymatic degradation，furthermore the simulated digestion characteristics of AOS were evaluated in vitro.The total number of bacteria and S.enterica in the process of AOS fermentation by chicken gut microbiota were quantified by in vitro simulated fermentation model，and the response of S.enterica to AOS in the intestinal environment was analyzed by transcriptomics.The results showed that the content of reducing sugar and molecular weight of AOS did not change significantly，indicating that AOS were not digested.When AOS was fermented by gut microbiota，the relative abundance of S.enterica in the flora decreased from 4.6% to 1.1%.Transcriptomics and reverse transcription⁃quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of key genes of S.enterica flagella assembly，two⁃component system，infection and virulence was down⁃regulated.Therefore，the gut microbiota metabolites of AOS could inhibit the growth and virulence of S.enterica.

Transcriptome Characteristics Analysis of Skin of Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhounensis

XU Yilan, WEN Luting, HUANG Yin, CHEN Zhong, QIN Junqi, PAN Xianhui, ZHOU Kangqi, LIN Yong, DENG Qian, WU Xia, DU Xuesong

2023, 52(6): 150-159. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.016

Asbtract ( )

PDF (6281KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the black brown and translucent economic body color traits of Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhounensis，and further explore the skin gene information of Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhounensis，the skin tissue of Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhounensis was taken as the research object，and high⁃throughput sequencing technology was used to conduct transcriptome comparative analysis.The results showed that 37 066 778—58 708 166 clean reads were obtained from the transcriptome sequencing of the skin tissue of Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhounensis and Cyprinus carpio var.Jian（CK），with Q30 above 94.96% and GC base ratio about 51.00%；10 537 new genes were discovered，1 278 906 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）sites and 80 238 insertion deletion（InDel）sites were detected.We screened 11 717 significantly differentially expressed genes，including 5 133 upregulated genes and 6 584 downregulated genes.GO analysis showed that they were annotated to 56 secondary classifications，with 127 significantly enriched GO entries，mainly concentrated in biological processes and cellular components；KEGG analysis revealed a significant enrichment of 60 pathways；The network analysis results showed that the metabolic pathways，p53 signaling pathways，and cell cycle pathways were the main network cores，which were associated with numerous KEGG pathways and relatively independent.

Extraction of Winter Wheat Planting Area Based on Fused Active and Passive Remote Sensing Images

ZHANG Keqian, CHENG Gang, WU Wei, SONG Xiangyang, ZHANG Ziqian, YAO Shun, WU Shuai

2023, 52(6): 160-171. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.017

Asbtract ( )

PDF (7823KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

To obtain fast and accurate crop distribution information，the feasibility of using active remote sensing imagery（Sentinel⁃1A）and passive remote sensing imagery（Sentinel⁃2）to extract the spatial distribution of winter wheat was analysed. Firstly，Sentinel⁃1A images of winter wheat at the whole growth stage were synthesized based on the phenological characteristics of winter wheat，and high quality Sentinel⁃2 images of winter wheat after overwintering were synthesized based on the normalized vegetation index（NDVI）time series curves of various types of features.Three classification schemes，Sentinel⁃1A images，Sentinl⁃2 images and fused Sentinel⁃1A and Sentinl⁃2 active⁃passive remote sensing images，were designed，and then winter wheat was classified based on the random forest algorithm on the Google Earth Engine（GEE）cloud platform. The results showed that，the user accuracy and producer accuracy of winter wheat based on Sentinel⁃1A images at the whole growth stage were 83.15% and 86.44% respectively，and there was more“pepper”noise in the extraction results；the user accuracy and producer accuracy of winter wheat based on Sentinl⁃2 images after overwintering were 87.8% and 84.75% respectively，and the extraction accuracy was improved compared with that of Sentinel⁃1A images at the whole growth stage，but the classification results were influenced by the“same spectrum of foreign matter”，resulting in many misclassifications；the user accuracy and producer accuracy of winter wheat with fused active and passive remote sensing images were 96.57% and 95.48%，respectively，compared with that of using only a single data source，the classification accuracy of winter wheat was improved to different degrees.

Influence of Temperature and Moisture Content on Thermophysical Properties of Tobacco Leaves and Establishment of Prediction Models

CHEN Jiading, HE Rong, XIAO Qingli, YUAN Ming, TAN Qizhong, PENG Kui, WEI Shuo, LI Shengchun

2023, 52(6): 172-180. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.018

Asbtract ( )

PDF (3074KB) ( )

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to comprehensively understand the thermophysical properties of different components of tobacco leaves and provide reference for the design of thermal processing technology such as baking，moisture regain and redrying，the thermal diffusion coefficient，thermal conductivity and mass specific heat capacity of post⁃baking tobacco leaves and main veins were measured by the thermal probe method under the temperature from 10 to 70℃ and moisture content from 5% to 30%，respectively，and the variation pattern was analyzed.The correlation between temperature，moisture content and the values of thermophysical properties of tobacco leaves was fitted in the form of exponential function with the help of MATLAB software to construct an empirical mathematical model of the thermophysical properties of tobacco leaves，which was verified by experiments.The results showed that，（1）The density of tobacco leaves and main veins increased with the increase of moisture content.When the moisture content was 5%—30%，the density of leaves was 562.79—684.84 kg/m³，and the density of main veins was 908.83 to 1 045.51 kg/m³；（2）The increase of temperature and moisture content would increase the thermal diffusion coefficient of tobacco leaves and main veins，and the contribution rate of moisture content was greater.The thermal diffusion coefficient of leaves was 0.092 33—0.219 00 mm²/s，and the thermal diffusion coefficient of main veins was 0.088 67—0.149 00 mm²/s；（3）The thermal conductivity of tobacco leaves and main veins increased with the increase of temperature and moisture content.The thermal conductivity of leaves was 0.088 13—0.435 37 W（/m·K），and the thermal conductivity of main veins was 0.160 70—0.388 83 W（/m·K）；（4）The mass specific heat capacity of tobacco leaves and main veins was mainly positively related to the moisture content. The mass specific heat capacity of tobacco leaves was 1 520.623 44—3 123.569 52 J（/kg·K），and the mass specific heat capacity of main veins was 1 618.828 08—2 563.703 20 J（/kg·K）.（5）For verifying the fitted empirical model，R²was between 0.93 and 0.99.In summary，the thermophysical properties of leaves and main veins differed greatly，and the fitted exponential function could be used as an empirical mathematical model for calculating the corresponding thermophysical property parameters of tobacco leaves and main veins.

Table of Content