Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

Advances in the Interaction between DNA Viruses Genome Replication and Host Cellular DDR Signal Networks

WANG Pingli, XIA Lu, WEI Zhanyong

2021, 50(12): 1-9. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.001

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1529KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

The genomes of DNA viruses have limited encoding capabilities.They create intracellular environment conducive to viral replication through complex and extensive interaction with cellular DNA damage response（DDR）signal networks during their genomes replication. MRN（MRE11‐RAD50‐NBS1）and RPA（replication protein A） specifically detect damaged DNA by respectively interacting with double‐strand break（DSB）and single‐strand break（SSB）.DNA viruses selectively activate at least one of the three phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase‐like kinases（PI3KK），ataxia telangiectasia mutated（ATM），ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related（ATR），and DNA‐dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit（DNA‐PKcs） to manipulate cellular cycles and trigger two main types of DNA repairments：non‐homologous end joining（NHEJ）and homologous recombination repair（HRR）.In order to complete their productive infection cycles，DNA viruses selectively activate or degrade host cellular DDR components.The viral replication center（VRC）recruits plenty of different proteins involved in cellular DDR.The interaction mechanism between replication of DNA viruses and host cellular DDR signa networks was reviewed to provide ideas for exploring the molecular mechanisms of DNA viruses replication and pathogenesis.

Genome‐Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of ASR Gene Family in Main Gramineae Crops

MENG Yaxuan, SUN Yingqi, ZHAO Xinyue, WANG Fengxia, WENG Qiaoyun, LIU Yinghui

2021, 50(12): 10-22. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.002

Asbtract ( )

PDF (7779KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

The abscisic acid‐，stress‐，ripening‐induced protein（ASR） family genes in millet，rice，sorghum，maize and wheat were identified，and their sequences，phylogeny，structural domains，promoters and expression patterns were analyzed，so as to provide references for further study of ASR protein function. The results showed that 7，6，8，9 and 29 ASR genes were identified in millet，rice，sorghum，maize and wheat respectively，which was unevenly distributed on the chromosomes. ASR family genes were clustered into 4 subgroups，and the gene structure was conserved in the same group，diverse among groups.ASR protein had conserved amino acid motifs，but subgroup Ⅱ‐2 differed significantly compared with the other subgroups，and all ASR family members contained only the ABA/WDS domain，which was located at the C‐terminal. As a whole，ASR genes were undergoing purifying selection during evolution.Subcellular localization results showed that most ASR proteins were localized in the nucleus，and a fraction was localized in the cytoplasm.The results of promoter analysis indicated that ASR family genes had a large number of tissue‐specific elements，stress‐responsive elements and hormone‐responsive elements.Expression analysis results showed that ASR genes responded extensively to abiotic stresses，had tissue‐specific expression characteristics，and the expression patterns differed among species and genes.

Effects of Different Duck Varieties on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties，Rice Yield and Economic Benefit of Rice‐Duck Symbiosis System

ZHANG Yin, YU Zhengjun, WANG Ren, LÜ Guangdong, CHEN Can, HUANG Huang, CHEN Zhifeng

2021, 50(12): 23-31. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.003

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1945KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of teal（SY），muscovy duck（YY） and mallard（LTY） on soil physical and chemical properties，rice yield and economic benefit of rice‐duck symbiosis system were studied using conventional rice monoculture as control（CK），so as to provide a theoretical basis for duck species selection and mode optimization in rice‐duck symbiosis system.The results showed that compared with CK，the total nitrogen，total phosphorus，total potassium，alkali‐hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus contents of soil generally decreased，available potassium content and pH value increased，but organic matter content did not have significant differences under the three rice‐duck symbiosis treatments.The effective panicles number，seed‐setting rate and yields of YY and LTY treatments significantly increased，while the total grains number per panicle significantly decreased.The effective panicles number，seed‐setting rate and yield of SY treatment increased，but the difference was not significant.The economic benefits of the three rice‐duck symbiotic treatments all improved，and the order was YY>LTY>SY>CK.In conclusion，rice‐duck symbiosis promoted the absorption of soil nutrients by rice，improved soil acidification，increased rice yield and economic benefit，and YY treatment was the best，followed by LTY treatment.

Effect of Different Rice‐Fish Modes on Yield and Quality of Ratooning Rice

CHEN Lu, CHEN Can, HUANG Huang , LONG Binqing, MA Weiwei, WANG Ren, ZHANG Yin

2021, 50(12): 32-38. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.004

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1389KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

The effects of different rice‐fish modes［rice‐crucian（FR），rice‐loach（LR），conventional cultivation（CK）］on yield and quality of Yliangyou 800 and Huanghuazhan were studied in first season and regeneration season，so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the further improvement of ratooning rice quality.The results showed that the FR treatment could significantly increase the total yield of ratooning rice compared with CK，and the increasing ranges of Huanghuazhan and Yliangyou 800 were 10.31%and 9.80%respectively，while there was no significant difference between LR treatment and CK.The brown rice rate and polished rice rate of the two varieties in regeneration season were both higher than those in first season.The head rice rate of Huanghuazhan significantly increased by 20.16—22.25 percentage points in regeneration season compared with first season，the brown rice rates of LR treatment were the highest in two seasons，and the brown rice rates of Yliangyou 800 of FR treatment were the highest in two seasons. The chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of the two varieties in regeneration season were significantly lower than those in first season，and the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of LR treatment were the lowest in first season. The length‐width ratios of the two varieties were higher in regeneration season than those in first season，and there was no significant difference between LR，FR treatments and CK. The pasting temperature of Huanghuazhan in regeneration season was significantly lower than that in first season，while Yliangyou 800 showed the opposite result. Compared with CK，the gel consistencies of the two varieties of LR and FR treatments significantly increased by 27.12%—52.24% and 12.54%—29.35% respectively in first season，but the gel consistency of the two varieties of LR treatment significantly decreased in regeneration season.The amylose content of the two varieties was significantly higher in regeneration season than that in first season，and the amylose content of LR treatment was the lowest. The protein content of the two varieties was higher in regeneration season than that in first season，LR treatment had the highest value except for Huanghuazhan in first season，and LR and FR treatments were significantly higher than CK in regeneration season.Overall，FR model could significantly improve the total yield of ratooning rice，and FR and LR models could improve the rice quality with different degrees in first season and regeneration season.

Effects of Nitrogen and Water Coupling on Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato

QUAN Baoquan, REN Jiecheng, ZHAO Jiping, GUO Pengyan, XU Ying

2021, 50(12): 39-47. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.005

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1313KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Two‐factor split plot design was adopted，three irrigation rates（50，100，150 mm，named as W0，W1，W2，respectively）and four nitrogen rates（0，90，180，300 kg/ha，named as N0，N1，N2，N3，respectively）were set，and the effects of different nitrogen and water conditions on leaf area index，dry matter accumulation，yield and water and fertilizer use efficiencies of sweet potato were studied，so as to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of water and fertilizer measures in sweet potato production.The results showed that the leaf area index，dry aboveground weight and total dry weight of sweet potato increased with the increase of irrigation amount and nitrogen rate at each growth stage.The dry tuberous root weight，the number of tubers per plant，the average weight per tuber and yield of sweet potato increased with the increase of irrigation amount，and increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate.W2N2 treatment was the best，the yield of which was 48 828.30 kg/ha，significantly higher than that of other treatments.The water use efficiency of sweet potato decreased with the increase of irrigation amount，and increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate，N2 treatment was the best. Agronomic efficiency of nitrogen increased first and then maintained stable with the increase of irrigation amount，W1 and W2 treatments were higher，the difference between the two treatments was not significant；agronomic efficiency of nitrogen decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate.By comprehensive consideration，the optimum nitrogen and water combination was 180 kg/ha of N and 150 mm of water for sweet potato production.

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Canopy Architecture，Yield and Economic Benefit of Black Sesame

LI Chunming, PEI Xinyong, ZHANG Haiyang, GAO Tongmei, LI Feng, WANG Long, WEI Shuangling

2021, 50(12): 48-55. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.006

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1457KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to determine the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer to increase the yield and the economic benefit of black sesame，Ji 9014，a black sesame variety，was used as the experimental material，and four nitrogen application rates of 0（CK），60（N60），120（N120）and 180（N180）kg/ha were set to analyze the effects of different nitrogen application rate on canopy architecture，grain‐filling，yield and economic benefit of black sesame. The results showed that application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate，leaf area index and leaf SPAD value of black sesame canopy，and decreased the canopy transmittance，and increased capsules per plant，seeds per capsule，1 000‐seed weight，grain yield，biological yield and economic coefficient of black sesame. Among them，N120 treatment had the highest mean leaf tilt angle，net photosynthetic rate，grain‐filling rate，grain yield and economic coefficient. In 2015 and 2016，the yields of N120 treatment were 1 071.2 kg/ha and 1 101.7 kg/ha respectively，compared with CK，N60 and N180 treatments，the yield of N120 treatment increased by 129.7%，37.3%，23.7% and 110.7%，32.9%，18.7% respectively. The economic benefits of N120 treatment were 17 245.5 Yuan/ha and 19 629.9 Yuan/ha respectively，compared with CK，N60 and N180 treatments，the economic benefit of N120 treatment increased by 129.2%，36.6%，24.5% and 118.2%，34.2%，21.6% respectively.The regression analysis showed that the relationship between nitrogen application amount and yield，economic benefit of black sesame were cubic function. Based on the same phosphorus and potassium fertilizer inputs，the best yield was obtained under 134.05 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer amount，and the best economic benefit was obtained under 133.01 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer amount.

Study on Physiological and Germination Characteristics of Polygonatum sibiricum Seeds at Different Positions

ZHANG Hongrui, MENG Panpan, WANG Xi, LIU Guobin, GAO Zhiming

2021, 50(12): 56-67. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.007

Asbtract ( )

PDF (4835KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to clarify the physiological and germination characteristics of Polygonatum sibiricum Red.seeds in different implantation sites and determine the appropriate harvest time，fruits and seeds in different implantation sites（upper，middle，lower）of Polygonatum sibiricum Red.plants were sampled on July 31，August 15，August 30，September 14 and September 29，2020，100 fruit weight，fruit diameter，the 1 000 seed weight，water content，soluble sugar，soluble protein，starch and crude fat contents，superoxide dismutase （SOD），peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） activities，germination rate，germination potential，germination index，primary rhizome formation rate，seedling emergence rate of Polygonatum sibiricum Red.seeds and so on were measured.The results showed that 100 fruit weight，fruit diameter and 1 000 seed weight in the middle and lower parts of Polygonatum sibiricum Red.were bigger than those in the upper part.Before August 30，the water content showed upper>middle>lower，and there was no significant difference after September 14.After August 30，there was no significant difference in the soluble sugar content of seeds in different implantation sites，the soluble protein content of middle and lower seeds was higher than that of the upper part，the starch content of seeds in different implantation sites decreased，the SOD activity and POD activity of seeds in different implantation sites did not show significant difference，and the CAT activity of lower seeds was higher than that of the middle and upper part.Except August 30，the content of crude fat in other periods showed lower>middle>upper.The seed germination rate，germination potential，germination index，primary rhizome formation rate and seedling emergence rate of the middle and lower parts of seeds collected on August 15 reached the peak，which were 91.11%，77.78%，4.90，82.22% and 64.00% in the middle and 90.00%，80.00%，4.47、87.78% and 67.67% in the lower parts respectively.Therefore，the suitable harvest time of Polygonatum sibiricum Red.fruit is the middle of August，and the seed maturity of the middle and lower part is higher than that of the upper part，so the quality is better than that of the upper part.

Bioavailability of Soil Heavy Metals under Different Planting Types in Acid Red Soil Zone of Southern China

LI Ling, ZHANG Yu, WENG Jianfeng, ZHAO Min, CAO Dinghui

2021, 50(12): 68-77. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.008

Asbtract ( )

PDF (3573KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

The contents of heavy metals and different speciation in soils of five agricultural planting modes（dryland，paddy field，orchard，tea garden，bamboo forest）were determined in acid red soil zone of southern China. The ecological risk of soil heavy metals was evaluated using potential ecological risk index（RI），risk assessment code（RAC）and the ratio of secondary phase to primary phase（RSP）.The results showed that the concentrations of Cd，Hg，As，Pb，Cr and Ni in the soil of the study area were 0.080—0.290， 0.078—0.150， 1.54—6.90， 39.13—91.30， 20.35—73.98， 15.03—40.81mg/kg，respectively. The contents of Cd，Pb and Hg in dryland soil were the highest，the content of As in tea garden soil was the highest，and the contents of Cr and Ni in bamboo forest soil were the highest.The contents of different heavy metals，except for Pb in dryland soil，were lower than the screening value of risk control standard of soil contamination in agricultural land（GB 15618—2018）.The contents of Cd，Pb and Ni exceeded the soil background values of Fujian Province，exceeding multiple decreased in the order of Cd˃Ni˃Pb˃Hg˃Cr˃As，and the accumulation of Cd was the most severe. The predominant speciation of Cd was the ion exchangeable fraction，showing paddy field（50.56%）˃ dryland（44.14%）˃ orchard（38.64%）˃ bamboo（37.62%）˃ tea garden（36.25%）.RI value from high to low was dryland（270.70）>orchard（201.98）>bamboo forest（194.09）>paddy field（171.92）>tea garden（107.05）.The average value of RI was 189. 15，which belonged to medium ecological hazard on the whole，and Cd was the major ecological risk contributing factor. The results of RAC estimation showed that Cd belonged to high（orchard，tea garden and bamboo forest）to very high（dry land and paddy field）risk level，Pb belonged to low to medium risk level，and Hg，As，Cr and Ni belonged to low risk level.The results of RSP evaluation showed that Cd in dryland，paddy field and bamboo forest，and As in orchard were at heavy pollution level，Cd in tea garden and orchard，and Hg in bamboo forest were at moderate pollution level，and As in dryland and paddy field was at slight pollution level.Cd is the most easily translocated ecological risk factor in the study area，so necessary prevention and control measures should be taken.

Effects of Biological Fertilizer on Rhizosphere and Endophytic Bacterial Community of Panax notoginseng with Continuous Cropping Disorder

ZHANG Xueling, ZANG Chunhua, GUO Ruyue, DUAN Yichao, WANG Yangang, GUO Zhongxin, ZHANG Zhenzhong, REN Xueling

2021, 50(12): 78-91. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.009

Asbtract ( )

PDF (2989KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

This study was performed to analyze the effect of Bacillus subtilis biofertilizer on the rhizosphere，endophytic bacterial community of Panax notoginseng with continuous cropping obstacles and to provide a theoretical basis for solving the problem of continuous cropping obstacles in Panax notoginseng.Two‐year‐old Panax notoginseng，which had been transplanted to the field for one year，was used as the test material at the Panax notoginseng continuous cropping obstacles trial station of Panax notoginseng Technology Co.，Ltd.of Miaoxiang Town，Wenshan Prefecture，Yunnan Province.The experimental treatments were divided into first cropping control group（BP），continuous cropping without biological fertilizer treatment group（CCO），and continuous cropping group treated with Bacillus subtilis biological fertilizer（MFP）.Illumina MiSeq platform was used for high‐throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA to analyze bacterial community structure of Panax notoginseng in rhizosphere soil（sBP，sCCO，and sMFP）and in rhizome（pBP and pMFP，CCO group did not survive）.In addition，the correlation between bacterial communities and soil physiochemical properties was investigated.The results showed that compared with sCCO group，the relative abundances of Bacillus and Arthrobacter （two main rhizosphere growth‐enhancing bacteria）increased by 139.30% and 37.35% respectively in sMFP group，while the relative abundance of Micromonospora（pathogenic bacteria）dropped by 75.52%. Moreover，the composition of the dominant bacterial community was significantly different between sBP and sMFP groups.However，there was no significant difference between pMFP and pBP samples in the relative abundances of the top 15 dominant bacteria genera（P>0.05）.The results of physicochemical analysis showed that Bacillus subtilis fertilizer significantly increased the contents of available phosphorus and electrical conductivity（P<0.05），and decreased the content of available potassium（P<0.05）.Redundancy analysis showed that available potassium，alkaline nitrogen，organic matter，and exchangeable calcium were positively correlated with the bacterial communities of sBP samples，and available phosphorus and electrical conductivity were positively correlated with the bacterial communities of sMFP samples. The bacterial community redundancy analysis of rhizome showed a similar pattern.Correlation heatmap analysis of rhizosphere and rhizome bacterial communities of Panax notoginseng revealed that Bacillus in soils was significantly positively correlated with friendly Variovorax，and negatively correlated with Sphingobium in roots.In conclusion，Bacillus subtilis biofertilizer can not only promote the proliferation of probiotics and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the continuous cropping obstacle soils，but also further reshape the soil microbial community composition by changing soil physicochemical properties such as electrical conductivity and available phosphorus.In addition，the bacterial communities in the soil samples treated with Bacillus subtilis biofertilizer were significantly different from those in the first cropping soil samples；however，the bacterial communities in the root samples were highly similar.

Control Effect of Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 on Rice Sheath Blight

ZHU Zhiyan, CHEN Minghua, CHEN Qiang, TIAN Zhihong, LI Jianxiong

2021, 50(12): 92-102. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.010

Asbtract ( )

PDF (4071KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Streptomyces Sm4‐1986，which has broad spectrum bacteriostatic properties，is a rhizosphere bacterium obtained by Plant Pathology Group in South China Botanical Garden，Chinese Academy of Sciences during the preliminary study.To expand the biocontrol resources of rice sheath blight，we measured the effects of Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 on the pathogenic growth of rice sheath blight，and the control effects of Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 on rice sheath blight by in vitro leaf test，sterile seedling test，pot experiment，and field experiment.We analyzed the inhibitory effect of its metabolites on rice sheath blight and its growth‐promoting effect on rice.The results showed that both metabolites and volatiles of Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani，and the inhibition rates were 67.31% and 88.46%，respectively.In in vitro experiments，the disease severity of rice leaf sheath blight decreased by 87. 50% after spraying Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 compared with that of spraying sterile water.The control effects of Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 on rice sheath blight were 100%，72.98%，and 60.35% after five days in sterile seedling test，pot experiment，and field experiment，respectively. After inoculation，the content of MDA in rice leaves sprayed with Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 decreased by 48.06% compared with that sprayed with water.Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 could produce 6‐pentyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one（6‐PP），which could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani.The concentration required for 50% mycelial growth inhibition（IC₅₀），the concentration required for 90% mycelial growth inhibition（IC₉₀） and the minimum bactericidal concentration（MFC） were 0.007 3，0.11，0.6 mg/mL，respectively. Moreover，6‐PP could significantly promote the growth of rice seedlings.Therefore，Streptomyces Sm4‐1986 can be used as a biological control agent or biological
bacterial fertilizer to control rice sheath blight.

Effect of Volunteer Wheat at Different Densities on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Cultivated Wheat

SUN Lanlan, LI Jing, XUE Fei, XU Hongle, WU Renhai, SU Wangcang

2021, 50(12): 103-110. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.011

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1374KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to study the effect of volunteer wheat stress on grain yield of cultivated wheat and its physiological mechanism，volunteer wheat and wheat cultivars Aikang 58，Zhoumai 26 were chosen as test materials in field experiment to study the effects of different densities［0（CK），10，40，100，200 plants/m²］ of volunteer wheat on SPAD，photosynthetic characteristics，chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of cultivated wheat.The results showed that，under the volunteer wheat density of 10—200 plants/m²，the SPAD values of cultivated wheat at the jointing stage，flowering stage，grain‐filling stage were all suppressed in varying degrees compared with the control.Under the treatment of 200 plants/m² of volunteer wheat，the SPAD values of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 26 at the jointing stage，flowering stage，grain‐filling stage decreased by 20.05%，13.79%，8.34%，and 15.46%，9.12%，8.65%，respectively. Under the volunteer wheat density of 200 plants/m²，the net photosynthetic rate （Pn），stomatal conductance（Gs），intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci），transpiration rate（Tr），stomatal limit value（Ls）decreased significantly during the flowering stage. During the grain‐filling stage，with the increase of volunteer wheat density，the Pn，Gs，Ci，Tr，Ls，PSⅡactual photochemical quantum yield（ΦPS Ⅱ），electron transport rate（ETR），photochemical quenching coefficient（qP）of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 26 under volunteer wheat stress were significantly lower than those of CK，while the non‐photochemical quenching coefficient（NPQ）was significantly higher than that of CK.Compared with the control，the yields of Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 26 were significantly reduced by 18.92%—52.08%，8.27%—42.70%，respectively.The main reason for the decrease of wheat yield was that the photosynthetic capacity and light energy conversion efficiency of wheat leaves were reduced under the volunteer wheat stress.

Effects of Melatonin Seed Soaking on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Kidney Bean Seedlings under Salt Stress

SUN Haoyue, WU Hongbin, LI Ming, ZHANG Qi, HAN Yiqiang, DU Jidao

2021, 50(12): 111-120. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.012

Asbtract ( )

PDF (2700KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to explore the effect of melatonin soaking on the salt tolerance of kidney bean seedlings，ZX‐YD‐008 was used as the material to study the effects of melatonin soaking on the growth，photosynthetic characteristics，oxidation system and osmotic adjustment system of kidney bean seedlings under the condition of sodium chloride（NaCl）.The results showed that with the extension of time，the growth of kidney bean treated with NaCl was inhibited，the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased，the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and peroxidase（POD） increased，while the activity of catalase（CAT） decreased，and the osmoregulation substances increased first and then decreased.The level of membrane lipid peroxidation increased continuously. Compared with NaCl stress alone，melatonin treatment increased the net photosynthetic rate（Pn），stomatal conductance（Gs）and transpiration rate（Tr）of kidney bean leaves under NaCl stress by 7.4%—11.5%，9.3%—20.0% and 2.7%—31.3% respectively；Actual photosynthetic quantum yield of PSⅡ（ΦPSⅡ）and yield of regulatory energy dissipation（ΦNPQ）increased by 2.7%—11.7% and 1.6%—3.8% respectively；SOD，POD and CAT activities increased by 7.1%—15.3%，2.1%—206.5% and 14.4%—27.1% respectively；The contents of proline，soluble sugar and soluble protein increased by 4.3%—14.4%，8.0%—89.4% and 8.9%—30.7% respectively；Malondialdehyde（MDA） content and relative conductivity decreased by 14.9%—42.8% and 5.3%—25.8% respectively. The results showed that melatonin significantly increased the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activity of kidney bean leaves under salt stress，increased the content of proline，soluble sugar and soluble protein，decreased the content of MDA and relative conductivity，and promoted the biomass accumulation of kidney bean seedlings.In conclusion，melatonin can effectively alleviate the damage to kidney bean seedlings under NaCl stress and improve the salt tolerance of kidney bean seedlings.

Identification of F3’5’H Gene in Petunia and the Roles in Petal Coloration

FU Zhenzhu, WANG Rui, ZHANG Tanran, WANG Huijuan, GAO Jie, LI Yanmin, JIANG Hui, WANG Limin, YUAN Xin, LI Yanbang, ZHANG Hechen

2021, 50(12): 121-127. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.013

Asbtract ( )

PDF (5140KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to reveal the coloration effect of F3’5’H gene on petunia petals，bioinformatics analysis and functional identification of F3’5’H gene were conducted.The results showed that there were two gene loci of HF1 and HF2 encoding F3’5’H in petunia genome and different species of petunia contained different F3’5’H genotypes. Among them，F3’5’H1^R27 had a dTPH9 transposon insertion in the third intron，which caused two types of transcripts.The abnormal coding of one transcript was the main cause of petunia pink petals.All genotypes could perform molecular functions normally except for F3’5’H1^R27 by overexpressing different types of F3’5’H genes in M1×R27，which promoted the petunia petals of transgenic progeny to be purple.

Identification and Mating Type Analysis of a Wild Oyster Mushroom Strain

LIU Xiaoxue, WANG Chunxia, LIU Lijuan, GUO Jinying, ZHENG Suyue

2021, 50(12): 128-133. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.014

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1434KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

A strain of wild oyster mushroom was identified by ITS sequence analysis.The mating type of the wild strain was accurately identified by single spore isolation，standard cross test and nuclear migration test.The results showed that the wild oyster mushroom was identified as Pleurotus ostreatus.The 69 monokaryon strains obtained were identified as T₁（20 strains），T₂（37 strains），T₃（9 strains）and T₄（3 strains）by mating type identification.The mating types of T₁，T₂，T₃ and T4 were identified as A₁B₁，A₂B₂，A₁B₂and A₂B₁ respectively by nuclear migration test.It was proved that the wild oyster mushroom was a quaternary heterozygous combination fungus.The χ² test showed segregation distortion rule.

Effects of Spraying Modes of Flower and Fruit Preservation Agent on Photosynthetic Characteristics，Yield and Quality of Jun jujube

YUE Wanwan, JIN Juan, ABUDUKAYOUMU·Ayimaiti, HAO Qing, LIU Ping, ZENG Bin, ZHAO Jingtong

2021, 50(12): 134-141. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.015

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1555KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

With Jun jujube as the material，under the modes of UAV（unmanned aerial vehicle）and agricultural machinery vehicle，the compound chemicals including gibberellic acid，boron fertilizer，brassinolide and Zuoguoling were used to spray on the leaves of Jun jujube at the flowering stage.There were five treatments：W1，W2，W3，T and CK. Among them，W was the UAV spraying mode and W1 was 100% dosage（175.0 mg/L gibberellic acid +90 mg/L boron fertilizer +70 mg/L brassinolide +200 mg/L Zuoguoling），W2 and W3 were reduced to 70% and 50% respectively on this basis. T was the spraying mode of agricultural machinery vehicle，and the dosage was 15.0 mg/L gibberellic acid + 12 mg/L boron fertilizer + 6 mg/L brassinolide + 30 mg/L Zuoguoling. With the artificial spraying of clean water as the control（CK），the effects of flower and fruit preservation agents on leaf photosynthetic characteristics，yield and fruit quality of Jun jujube under different spraying modes were studied，to provide a scientific basis for replacing the traditional spraying mode with UAV spraying in the link of flower and fruit protection of jujube trees in southern Xinjiang. The results showed that，on the whole，the net photosynthetic rate（Pn），transpiration rate（Tr），stomatal conductance（Gs） and intercellular CO₂ concentration（Ci）of Jun jujube leaves treated with W3 were higher，the photosynthetic characteristics of Jun jujube leaves in T treatment were lower，and the water use efficiency（WUE）of W1 treatment was higher than that of other treatments. Compared with CK，the fruit setting rate of W1，W2，W3 and T treatments significantly increased by 97.6%，87.2%，130.4% and 158.3%，respectively，and the fruit yields significantly increased by 93.6%，78.6%，108.9% and 121.4% respectively. There was no significant difference in fruit setting rate and fruit yield between W3 and T treatments. In terms of fruit quality，the single fruit quality，vertical diamete and horizontal diameter of jujube treated with W1 were higher，which increased by 49.2%，7.6%，17.5% compared with CK，but the fruit shape index decreased. The fruit shape index of T treatment was the highest（1.58）. Compared with CK，W2 treatment significantly increased the contents of soluble protein and cellulose in jujube fruit，and W3 treatment increased the content of cellulose in jujube fruit. In conclusion，although the output of agricultural machinery vehicle spraying mode is slightly higher than that of UAV spraying mode，but the UAV spraying mode is safer and more efficient，and the UAV spraying mode with appropriate concentration treatment（W3） can effectively enhance the photosynthesis of jujube trees and increase fruit yield.Therefore，UAV spraying can be preferentially recommended in the efficient cultivation and management of dwarf and densely planted jujube garden in Xinjiang.

Effects of Different Factors on Reproductive Performance of American Landrace Sows

DOU Yaqing, QI Kunlong, LIU Yingke, SONG Chenglei, LI Chenlei, LI Xinjian, QIAO Ruimin, WANG Kejun, LI Xiuling, HAN Xuelei

2021, 50(12): 142-148. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.016

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1309KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Based on the statistics and analysis of the reproductive records of American Landrace sows in a pig farm in Henan Province，the effects of mating season，farrowing season and parity on their reproductive performance were investigated，so as to provide guidance for optimizing the parity structure of pig herd and mastering the optimal mating period in production. The results showed that，for the mating season，the newborn litter weight and the number of weaned piglets were significantly higher in winter than those of other seasons（P<0.05），and the greatest number of weak litters and the smallest number of stillbirths and mummies were found in summer，and the difference reached a remarkable level compared with other seasons（P<0.05）.For the season of delivery，the corrected 21‐day‐old litter weight in spring was significantly higher than that in summer and winter（P<0.05），and the number of stillbirths and mummies was dramatically higher in summer than in other seasons（P<0.05）.For parity，the total litter size showed a trend of rising and then shrinking with the increase of parity，with the 5th parity being the peak and the 1st parity being the lowest，and the number of live litters was the highest at the 3rd parity and was considerably higher than the 1st，2nd and 8th parities（P<0.05）.In conclusion，the reproductive performance of American Landrace sows is comprehensively influenced by mating and farrowing season and parity，with winter mating and spring farrowing being the most suitable and the 3rd to 5th parities being the best parity.Therefore，in practical production，the suitable period should be selected for mating sows，and the sows with poor performance in high parity should be eliminated in a timely and reasonable manner to improve their reproductive performance.

Expression and Monoclonal Antibody Preparation of the p22 Protein of African Swine Fever Virus

YAN Shijun, HAO Liying, BAI Lulu, ZHENG Dingding, SONG Huanhuan, LI Shengqiang, WANG Tongyan, TAN Feifei, DENG Junhua, TIAN Kegong

2021, 50(12): 149-154. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.017

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1421KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to develop an immunodiagnostic reagent for African swine fever virus，the Bac‐to‐Bac baculovirus expression system was used to express the p22 protein of African swine fever virus，the anti‐p22 protein monoclonal antibody was prepared and its reactogenicity with African swine fever virus was identified. The results showed that the recombinant baculovirus AcNPV‐p22 was successfully obtained，and the soluble recombinant protein of p22 with the size of about 22 ku was expressed.Western blot analysis confirmed that the protein had a good reactivity with African swine fever virus positive serum.Positive hybridoma cells（3D2，4A7）stably secreting monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus p22 protein were screened. The ascites ELISA titers of the two hybridoma cells were higher than 1∶128 000.Monoclonal antibodies isotype assay showed that the heavy chain was IgG1，and the light chain was κ.The IFA results showed that the prepared monoclonal antibody could specifically react with African swine fever virus.In summary，this study successfully expressed African swine fever virus p22 protein by baculovirus‐insect expression system and the monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus p22 protein were successfully prepared.

Preparation and Identification of Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies against Porcine Parvovirus

LIU Yunchao, YANG Suzhen, CHEN Yumei, WANG Jucai, SHANG Yanli, WEI Qiang, CHEN Weicong, FENG Hua, ZHANG Gaiping

2021, 50(12): 155-162. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.018

Asbtract ( )

PDF (2576KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to prepare neutralizing monoclonal antibody against porcine parvovirus（PPV），the recombinant PPV VP2 protein was purified and its hemagglutination（HA）activity was detected. BALB/c mice were immunized with the recombinant protein mixed with Freund’s adjuvant.After three immunizations，the serum hemagglutination inhibition（HI）titer of mice was up to 1∶2¹⁶.The spleen cells of immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 cells.After subcloning and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay（IPMA）screening，two hybrioma cell lines，5F7 and 11B3，which could secrete neutralizing monoclonal antibody stably were successfully obtained.The light chains of the antibodies were Kappa type，the heavy chain of 5F7 was IgG2a subtype，11B3 was IgG2b. Monoclonal antibodies 5F7 and 11B3 reacted specifically with recombinant PPV VP2 protein and PPV virions by ELISA and IPMA，but did not react with porcine circovirus type 2（PCV2），porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus（PRRSV）and classical swine fever virus（CSFV）.The titers of monoclonal antibodies 5F7 and 11B3 neutralizing PPV to infect PK15 cells were 1∶2¹¹ and 1∶2¹⁰，respectively. The ELSIA titers of monoclonal antibodies 5F7 and 11B3 reacting with PPV virus were 1∶10 240 and 1∶20 480. Western blot showed that monoclonal antibodies 5F7 and 11B3 did not react with denatured VP2 protein，indicating that both monoclonal antibodies recognized the conformational epitopes of recombinant PPV VP2 protein.In conclusion，two monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing PPV infection activity were successfully prepared.

Identification and Bioinformatics Analysis of GATA Gene Family in Chicken

MENG Jie, WANG Chuang, YANG Qing, ZHANG Bei, LI Keqiang, ZHANG Chuansheng, GENG Liying, LI Xianglong

2021, 50(12): 163-169. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.019

Asbtract ( )

PDF (3384KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to understand the gene characteristics of chicken GATA（ChGATA） family，the members of ChGATA gene family were identified by bioinformatics method，and their physical and chemical properties，chromosome location，gene structure，conserved motif，evolutionary relationship，protein structure and protein interaction were analyzed. The results showed that a total of six ChGATA genes were identified and unevenly distributed on five chromosomes. They were named ChGATA2—ChGATA6 and ChTRPS1 according to the conserved domains of the proteins.The results of physical and chemical properties analysis showed that ChGATAs were unstable hydrophilic proteins，and all were basic proteins except for ChTRPS1.The results of secondary structure prediction analysis showed that ChGATA was mainly composed of irregular curls. Conservative domain analysis showed that ChGATA contained ZnF_GATA domain.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the ChGATA gene family could be divided into three subgroups，and the gene structure of the same subgroup was similar，the protein tertiary structure was similar，the interacting proteins were consistent，and the genetic relationship was close.

Tomato Recognition in Yuanmou Hot Area Based on Object‐Oriented GF‐2 Remote Sensing Data

CHEN Yuehao, HE Guangxiong, LI Jie, SHI Liangtao, FANG Haidong, SHI Zhengtao

2021, 50(12): 170-180. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.020

Asbtract ( )

PDF (8588KB) ( )

Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

In order to accurately grasp the spatial distribution information of tomato planting in Yuanmou hot area，realize the goal of rationally adjusting the agricultural structure and the economic scale development of regional characteristic crops，this paper used GF‐2 as the data source，based on the object‐oriented classification idea，and used the ESP scale parameter evaluation tool to evaluate the remote sensing image on segmentation scale.After setting the optimal segmentation scale parameter，the image object was obtained，and then the spectrum，texture and vegetation index were used to construct a variety of recognition schemes，remote sensing recognition of tomatoes in the Yuanmou hot area was implemented by using different classifiers of maximum likelihood method and support vector machine.The best auxiliary recognition feature combination method for tomato information extraction based on GF‐2 data was explored. The results showed that the multi‐feature combination scheme of normalized vegetation index，ratio vegetation index，gray level co‐occurrence matrix and local binary pattern texture constructed based on GF‐2 remote sensing image data in the maximum likelihood method had the highest recognition accuracy for tomatoes，with an overall accuracy of 97.20% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.91；in the support vector machine，the combination with the highest recognition accuracy for tomatoes was the multi‐feature combination scheme based on normalized vegetation index，ratio vegetation index，and gray degree co‐occurrence matrix texture，with an overall accuracy of 96.44% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.87.The overall accuracy of the maximum likelihood method for tomato recognition was higher than that of the support vector machine.The research results indicate that the combination of multiple auxiliary recognition features constructed based on GF‐2 image data objects can realize the fine recognition of Yuanmou tomato.

Current Status of the Influence of Comprehensive Agricultural Sci‐tech Journals in China—Based on the Analysis of the Evaluation Results of Journals Sponsored by Provincial Academies of Agricultural Sciences

YAN Zhaoling, ZHUO Wenfei, QI Hongzhi, YANG Cuiping

2021, 50(12): 181-189. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.12.021

Asbtract ( )

PDF (1564KB) ( )

Table of Content