Abstract: A total of 10 strains of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb were used as materials to identify and analyze genetic diversity by RAPD and ISSR.The results showed that the genetic diversity and diversity analysis of the tested strains showed that the genetic diversity was abundant.The RAPD molecular marker had a polymorphic band ratio of 100% and the ISSR molecular marker had a polymorphic band ratio of 93.75%.The combination of RAPD and ISSR was more accurate than one molecular marker alone to identify Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.It could be seen from the genetic clustering map that the difference coefficients between the tested strains ranged from 0.13 to 0.87,and the genetic diversity was abundant.When the difference coefficient D=0.60,all the tested strains were divided into 5 groups,including 2 composite groups and 3 single group. Strains 43 and 43-28 were one population, and the difference distance was 0.48,which indicated that the genetic distance between the two strains was close.The five strains Daguang,Baibeimaomuer,781,Huangbeimuer and Taier 134 were another large population with difference coefficient of 0. 40 and close genetic distance.Baibeimaomuer might be a strain with confused names.Chuanmao 10,99 Feng and 43-1 were three separate populations.The tested strains had abundant genetic diversity,and the genetic distance between three single populations and two complex populations was relatively long,so they could be used as alternative strains for breeding parents.

Key words: RAPD marker, ISSR marker, Auricularia cornea Ehrenb, Strain identification

摘要： 以10个不同来源的毛木耳菌株为试验材料，采用随机扩增多态性（RAPD）、简单重复序列间扩增(ISSR) 2种分子标记技术对供试菌株进行鉴定及遗传多样性分析。结果表明，RAPD、ISSR分子标记的多态性比率分别为100%、93.75%。RAPD、ISSR联合使用比单独使用更能准确鉴别毛木耳菌株。综合RAPD、ISSR的多态性位点进行UPGMA聚类分析，供试菌株间相异距离为0.13~0.87，遗传多样性较丰富。在相异距离为0.60时，所有供试菌株被分为5个群体，包括2个复合群体和3个单一群体。2个复合群体中，菌株43、43-28为一个群体，相异距离为0.48，说明这2个菌株遗传距离较近。菌株大光、白背毛木耳、781、黄背木耳、台耳134这5个菌株为另一大的群体，相异距离为0.40，遗传距离较近。白背毛木耳可能是名称混淆的菌株。川毛10号、99丰、43-1为3个单独群体。供试菌株有丰富的遗传多样性，5个群体之间菌株遗传距离较远，可作为育种亲本的选配菌株。

关键词: RAPD标记, ISSR标记, 毛木耳, 菌株鉴定