Optimization of Twin‑Screw Extrusion Sterilization Process for Lentinus edodes Culture Materials

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.019

Abstract

Abstract: In order to improve the continuous sterilization processing of Lentinula edodes culture materials by using twin‑screw extruder，and develop a new sterilization technology of culture materials，with the sterilization rate as index，the sterilization process was optimized by Plackett‑Burman test，the steepest ascent experiment and Box‑Behnken response surface test，and then the cultivation comparison experiment was carried out. The results of process optimization showed that the optimum technical conditions of twin‑screw extrusion sterilization were as follows：initial moisture content of raw materials 48.6%，feeding motor frequency 27 Hz，zone Ⅲ temperature 162℃，sawdust wetting time 3 h，zone Ⅰ temperature 90℃，zone Ⅱ temperature 140℃，zone Ⅳ temperature 130℃，motor frequency of screw 21 Hz. Under this technology，the sterilization rate of Lentinula edodes culture materials by twin‑screw extrusion reached 99.92%. The results of cultivation experiment showed that there was no significant difference in the weight of mushroom cultivation bag，the full bag days of mushroom mycelium，and the color conversion days between twin‑screw extrusion sterilization and traditional steam sterilization. The cultivation bag of twin‑screw extrusion sterilization could produce mushrooms and had good mushroom type，the single mushroom weight，mushroom cap diameter and mushroom stalk length increased significantly，while the bad bag rate of mushroom decreased significantly. Therefore，the twin‑screw extrusion sterilization was applicable to the sterilization processing of mushroom culture materials.

Key words: Edible mushroom, Lentinus edodes, Culture material, Mushroom?stick, Sterilization, Twin?screw extrusion

摘要： 为提高香菇培养料利用双螺杆挤出机连续灭菌的工艺效果，研发培养料新型灭菌技术，采用Plackett-Burman 试验、最陡爬坡试验、Box-Behnken响应面试验，以培养料灭菌率为指标，进行灭菌工艺优化，并进行香菇栽培试验。工艺优化结果表明，香菇培养料双螺杆挤压灭菌最佳工艺条件为原料初始含水量48.6%、喂料电机频率27 Hz、Ⅲ区温度162 ℃、木屑润水时间3 h、Ⅰ区温度90 ℃、Ⅱ区温度140 ℃、Ⅳ区温度130 ℃、螺杆电机频率21 Hz，该工艺条件下，双螺杆挤压香菇培养料灭菌率达99.92%。栽培试验结果表明，双螺杆挤压灭菌生产的香菇栽培袋质量、菌丝体满袋天数、转色天数与对照传统蒸汽灭菌相比均无显著变化，菌棒可以正常出菇、菇型良好，香菇单菇质量、菌盖直径、菇柄长度显著增加，菌袋的坏袋率显著降低。综上，双螺杆挤压灭菌对香菇培养料的灭菌加工具有适用性。

关键词: 食用菌, 香菇, 培养料, 菌棒, 灭菌, 双螺杆挤压

CLC Number:

WEI Shuxin, WANG Anjian, GAO Shuaiping, TIAN Guangrui, LIU Lina, XU Fangfang, LI Shunfeng, CUI Guomei. Optimization of Twin‑Screw Extrusion Sterilization Process for Lentinus edodes Culture Materials[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(1): 172-179.

魏书信, 王安建, 高帅平, 田广瑞, 刘丽娜, 许方方, 李顺峰, 崔国梅. 香菇培养料的双螺杆挤压灭菌工艺优化[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(1): 172-179.

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