河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 99-109.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.05.012

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

暗管排水与秋葵种植协同改良滨海盐土的施肥效应研究

谭攀1,2,王士超1,谢锦1,蒋高乾1,2,韩立朴1,2   

  1. (1.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室/中国科学院盐碱地资源高效利用工程实验室,河北 石家庄 050022;2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049)
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-06-09
  • 通讯作者: 韩立朴(1982-),男,河北邢台人,研究员,博士,主要从事边际土地生态工程及资源高效利用研究。E-mail:lphan@sjziam.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:谭攀(1998-),女,湖南衡阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:盐碱地高效利用与土壤水盐运移。E-mail:tanpan20@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877145)

Study on the Fertilization Effect of Subsurface Pipe Drainage and Okra Planting in Improving Coastal Saline Soil

TAN Pan1,2,WANG Shichao1,XIE Jin1,JIANG Gaoqian1,2,HAN Lipu1,2   

  1. (1.Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Saline Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang
    050022,China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
  • Received:2023-02-20 Published:2023-05-15 Online:2023-06-09

摘要: 为探究不同施肥处理对暗管排水排盐的促进作用以及对土壤盐分含量的影响,采用模拟箱法,开展连续2 a的模拟试验。设计有机肥+化肥(NPK+OM)、有机肥(OM)、化肥(NPK)3种施肥处理,对照为不施肥(CK),以暗管排水水样和0~80 cm土层的土壤样品为研究对象,测定暗管排水量、暗管排盐量、暗管排水各盐分离子累计排出量、土壤电导率和土壤含盐量。结果表明,在暗管排水与秋葵种植条件下,施肥增加暗管排水量,不同施肥处理累计暗管排水量比CK高44.50%~74.55%。施肥增加暗管排盐量,不同施肥处理累计暗管排盐量比CK高33.35%~128.83%,以氯离子(Cl-)和钠离子(Na+)的排出量较高。施肥显著降低土壤电导率与土壤含盐量,2021年不同施肥处理0~80 cm土层土壤电导率比初始值低44.82%~74.06%,土壤含盐量比初始值低24.97%~66.80%,以NPK+OM处理效果最佳。在暗管排水与秋葵种植结合改良滨海盐碱地的过程中,施肥能够增加暗管排水量、排盐量,并降低土壤电导率与土壤含盐量,加快滨海盐碱地的改良速度,其中,以有机肥和化肥一起施用效果最好。

关键词: 滨海盐土, 改良, 施肥效应, 秋葵, 暗管排水, 盐分离子, 土壤电导率, 土壤含盐量

Abstract: To explore the promoting effect of different fertilization treatments on subsurface pipe drainage and subsurface pipe salt drainage and the influence on soil salt content,a simulation experiment was carried out for two consecutive years by using the simulation box method.Three fertilization treatments were designed,including organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer(NPK+OM),organic fertilizer(OM)and chemical fertilizer(NPK),and no fertilization(CK)was as the control.With the subsurface pipe drainage water samples and soil samples in 0—80 cm soil layer as the research objects,the volume of subsurface pipe drainage,the amount of subsurface pipe salt drainage,the cumulative amount of each salt ion in subsurface pipe drainage,the soil electrical conductivity and the soil salt content were measured.The results showed that under the conditions of subsurface pipe drainage and okra planting,fertilization increased the volume of subsurface pipe drainage,and the cumulative volume of subsurface pipe drainage with different fertilization treatments was 44.50%—74.55% higher than CK. Fertilization increased the amount of subsurface pipe salt drainage,and the cumulative amount of subsurface pipe salt drainage was 33.35%—128.83% higher than CK,with chloride ion(Cl-)and sodium ion(Na+)being the highest.Fertilization significantly reduced the soil electrical conductivity and soil salt content.In 2021,the soil electrical conductivity in 0—80 cm soil layer was 44.82%—74.06% lower than the initial value,and the soil salt content was 24.97%—66.80% lower than the initial value. The NPK+OM treatment had the best effect.In the process of combining subsurface pipe drainage with okra planting to improve coastal saline soil,fertilization can increase the volume of subsurface pipe drainage,the amount of subsurface pipe salt drainage,reduce the soil electrical conductivity and soil salt content,and accelerate the improvement of coastal saline soil.Applying organic fertilizer together with chemical fertilizer has the best effect and is the best fertilization compensation method.

Key words: Coastal saline soil, Improve ment, Fertilization effect, Okra, Subsurface pipe drainage, Salt ion, Soil electrical conductivity, Soil salt content

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