河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 87-94.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.04.010

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟草镰刀菌根腐病防治药剂的筛选

姚晨虓1,2,刘畅1,李小杰1,白静科1,徐敏3,邱睿1,陈玉国1,康业斌2,李淑君1   

  1. (1.烟草行业黄淮烟区烟草病虫害绿色防控重点实验室/河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南 许昌 461000;2.河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南 洛阳 471023;3.中国烟草总公司河南省公司,河南 郑州 450018)
  • 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 康业斌(1964-),男,河南南阳人,教授,博士,主要从事植物免疫学研究。E-mail:kangyb999@163.com。李淑君同为通信作者
  • 作者简介:姚晨虓(1998-),男,河南平顶山人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:植物免疫学。E-mail:18438615892@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省烟草公司科技项目(2020410000270012)

Screening of Fungicides for Controlling Fusarium Root Rot of Tobacco

YAO Chenxiao1,2,LIU Chang1,LI Xiaojie1,BAI Jingke1,XU Min3,QIU Rui1,CHEN Yuguo1,KANG Yebin2,LI Shujun1   

  1. (1.Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area/Tobacco
    Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China;2.Horticulture and Plant Protection College,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;3.Henan Provincial Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation,Zhengzhou 450018,China)
  • Published:2022-04-15 Online:2022-07-01

摘要: 为筛选防治烟草镰刀菌根腐病高效、安全的复配剂或包衣剂,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了10种内吸性化学杀菌单剂和10 种生物杀菌单剂(共20 种)对烟草主要致病菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)的室内生物活性,并通过盆栽试验验证其防治效果。毒力测定结果表明,20种杀菌剂均对烟 草尖孢镰刀菌有不同程度的抑制作用,化学杀菌剂的抑制效果整体较生物杀菌剂的抑制效果显著,化 学杀菌剂中500 g/L 氟啶胺SC、25% 戊唑醇WP、40% 苯醚甲环唑SC、20% 抑霉唑EW 的EC50 分别为 0.057 1、0.118 7、0.328 0、0.445 9 μg/mL;生物杀菌剂中1.8%阿维菌素EC、5%香芹酚AS、0.01%芸苔素内酯EC的EC50分别为10.387 0、18.873 2、32.343 7 μg/mL。盆栽试验结果表明,氟啶胺8 000倍液、戊唑醇2 000 倍液、苯醚甲环唑1 200 倍液和芸苔素内酯原液的盆栽防效较高,分别为51.51%、75.75%、62.12%和62.12%。因此,可选择氟啶胺、戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑和芸苔素内酯用于复配剂、包衣剂的研发以及田间烟草镰刀菌根腐病常规化学药剂的轮换使用和综合防控。

关键词: 烟草镰刀菌根腐病, 尖孢镰刀菌, 杀菌剂, 生物农药, 菌丝生长速率法, 药剂筛选

Abstract: In order to screen out the high‑efficacy and safe mixtures or seed coating agents for the control of Fusarium root rot of tobacco,the indoor activity of 10 chemical fungicides and 10 biopesticides(a total of 20 species)against F.oxysporum,the dominant causal agent of tobacco root rot,was determined by mycelial growth rate method,and their control effect was verified by potting experiment.The results showed that the 20 fungicides all presented different levels of inhibitory effects on F.oxysporum,and the overall inhibitory effect of chemical fungicides was higher than that of biopesticides significantly.Among the chemical fungicides,the EC50 values of 500 g/L fluazinam SC,25% tebuconazole WP,40% difenoconazole SC,and 20% imazalil EW were 0.057 1 μg/mL,0.118 7 μg/mL,0.328 0 μg/mL,and 0.445 9 μg/mL,respectively.Among the biopesticides,the EC50 values of 1.8% abamectin EC,5% carvacrol AS,and 0.01% brassinolide EC were 10.387 0 μg/mL,18.873 2 μg/mL,and 32.343 7 μg/mL,respectively. The results of the pot experiment showed that the control efficacies of fluazinam 8 000 timesdilution,tebuconazole 2 000 times dilution,difenoconazole 1 200 times dilution and brassinolide stock solution were higher,which were 51.51%,75.75%,62.12% and 62.12%,respectively.Therefore,fluazinam,tebuconazole,difenoconazole and brassinolide could be selected as candidates for the further research and development of mixtures and seed coating agents and the rotation use of conventional chemical fungicides and integrated management for tobacco Fusarium root rot in fields.

Key words: Tobacco Fusarium root rot, F. oxysporum, Fungicide, Biopesticide, Mycelial growth rate method, Pesticide screening

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