河南农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 59-67.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.04.007

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

遮阴对地黄生长及生理特性的影响

刘春琰,黄勇,郭猛,张红瑞,周艳,李贺敏   

  1. (河南农业大学农学院,河南 郑州 460000)
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-18 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 李贺敏(1972-),女,河南上蔡人,副教授,主要从事中药资源开发及药用植物栽培研究。E-mail:lihemin2002@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘春琰(1998-),女,河南方城人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:药用植物栽培。E-mail:1057152400@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31701370);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2018GGJS030)

Effects of Shading on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rehmannia glutinosa

LIU Chunyan,HUANG Yong,GUO Meng,ZHANG Hongrui,ZHOU Yan,LI Hemin   

  1. (College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 460000,China)
  • Received:2021-10-18 Published:2022-04-15 Online:2022-07-01

摘要: 为探讨遮阴对地黄生长及生理特性的影响,以地黄道地产区主栽品种金九为试验材料,正常光照为对照(CK),设20%遮阴、50%遮阴和80%遮阴3个遮阴处理,研究各处理间农艺性状、生理指标和有效成分含量的差异。结果表明,与对照相比,20%遮阴对地黄根长、根直径、根条数和块根数整体上无显著影响,50%遮阴和80%遮阴抑制地黄根长、根直径、根条数和块根数的生长,80%遮阴的抑制作用大于50%遮阴。3个遮阴处理地黄的单株根鲜质量和单株根干质量均较对照显著降低,遮阴度越高降幅越大,其中10月20日,80%遮阴、50%遮阴和20%遮阴地黄的单株根鲜质量分别较对照降低95.10%、45.81%、24.84%。遮阴处理后地黄块根可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸含量总体上均较对照显著升高(7月11日除外);50%遮阴和80%遮阴均降低块根中可溶性糖含量。遮阴抑制地黄根系活力,遮阴度越高抑制作用越强;遮阴处理在生育前期和后期降低超氧化物歧化酶活性,生育中期提高其活性。遮阴处理下地黄块根中毛蕊花糖苷含量升高,80%遮阴、50%遮阴和20%遮阴的毛蕊花糖苷含量分别较对照升高50.44%、37.47%、26.11%,但梓醇和地黄苷D含量较对照降低,地黄苷D含量分别较对照降低38.70%、26.36%、7.69%。综上,遮阴条件下地黄根部生理代谢紊乱,生长受到抑制,物质积累降低,品质变差。生产上建议在光照充足的环境下栽培地黄,或尽量减小遮阴程度。

关键词: 地黄, 遮阴, 生长发育, 生理特性, 有效成分

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of shading on the growth and physiological characteristics of Rehmannia glutinosa,with the main variety Jinjiu in the authentic area of Rehmannia glutinosa as the experimental material and normal light as the control(CK),three shading treatments of 20% shading,50% shading and 80% shading were set up to study the differences of agronomic characters,physiological indexes and effective component content among the treatments. The results showed that compared with the control,20% shading had no significant effect on root length,root diameter,number of roots and number of tubers of Rehmannia glutinosa.50% shading and 80% shading inhibited the growth of root length,root diameter,number of roots and number of tubers of Rehmannia glutinosa,and the inhibitory effect of 80% shading was greater than that of 50%. The fresh root weight per plant and dry root weight per plant of Rehmannia glutinosa under three shading treatments were significantly lower than those ofthe control.The higher the shading degree,the greater the decline. On October 20,the fresh root weight per plant of Rehmannia glutinosa under 80% shading,50% shading and 20% shading decreased by 95.10%,45.81% and 24.84% respectively.The contents of soluble protein and free proline in the root tubers of shaded Rehmannia glutinosa were significantly higher than those of the control(except for July 11);50% shading and 80% shading decreased the content of soluble sugar in root tubers.Shading inhibited the root activity of Rehmannia glutinosa,and the higher the shading degree,the stronger the inhibition effect;shading treatment decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase in the early and late growth stage,and increased its activity in the middle growth stage. Under 80% shading,50% shading and 20% shading,the content of acteoside in Rehmannia glutinosa root tubers roots increased by 50.44%,37.47% and 26.11% respectively,but the contents of catalpol and rehmannioside D decreased,and the content of rehmannioside D decreased by 38.70%,26.36% and 7.69% respectively.In conclusion,the physiological metabolism of Rehmannia glutinosa root is disordered,the growth is inhibited,the material accumulation is reduced and the quality becomes worse under shading conditions.In production,it is suggested to cultivate Rehmannia glutinosa in the environment with sufficient light,or reduce the degree of shading as far as possible.

Key words: Rehmannia glutinosa, Shading, Growth and development, Physiological characteristics, Active ingredient

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