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Accumulation Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Grains of Different Wheat Varieties in Contaminated Calcareous Soil

WANG Qiuhong, SHI Qianru, PENG Aihua, SHANG Yanping, SUN Fawei, LIANG Xiaodong, YANG Suqin, ZHANG Biao

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2023, 52 (10): 72-81. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.10.008

Abstract （933）

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In order to screen suitable wheat varieties for safe production in polluted soil，17 common wheat varieties were selected as test materials and cultivated in polluted calcareous soil in northern Henan Province. The accumulation status of heavy metals cadmium（Cd），lead（Pb），iron（Fe），manganese（Mn），copper（Cu）and zinc（Zn）in grains were compared，and available heavy metal content in the rhizosphere soil of each variety as well as its correlation with the elemental content of grains were analyzed.The results showed that the Cd content in the soil in the experimental site was 2.17 mg/kg，which belonged to safe utilization soil according to Soil Environmental Quality— Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land（GB 15618—2018）.There were significant differences in grain Cd content among different wheat varieties，B10 had the lowest Cd content（0.12 mg/kg），followed by YK048，and the grain Cd content of YZ4110 was the highest. Cd content in the grains of various wheat varieties all exceeded the limit value（0.10 mg/kg） in National Food Safety Standards— Limits for Pollutants in Food（GB 2762—2017）.In terms of Pb content in grains，there was no significant difference among varieties，and all of them were lower than the limit value（0.20 mg/kg）in National Food Safety Standards— Limits for Pollutants in Food（GB 2762—2017）. It was found that the ratio of available Cd to total Cd in the experimental site was relatively higher，reaching 46%. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between soil available Cd content and grain Cd content. Fe and Zn are antagonistic elements to Cd，amony the wheat varieties selected in this study，the ratio of total content of Fe and Zn to Cd content in the grains of Y048，B10，B4199 and X979 was higher. Therefore，they should be recommended as priority varieties，and soil control measures should be taken to achieve safe production.

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Screening and Health Risk Assessment of Low Accumulation Rice Varieties in Nickel Polluted Paddy Fields

ZHANG Xiujin, ZHANG Ronghui, CAI Jinghang, WANG Guokun, CHAI Guanqun, HUANG Chengling, FAN Chengwu

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2023, 52 (6): 61-69. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.007

Abstract （538）

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In order to screen rice varieties with low nickel（Ni）accumulation suitable for safe production in rice fields in the central Guizhou，field experiments were conducted to determine the Ni content in different parts of ten main rice varieties grown in the central Guizhou region.The accumulation and transport characteristics of Ni in brown rice were studied，and cluster analysis and health risk assessment were conducted.The results showed that the brown rice of Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest Ni content of 0.372 mg/kg，while Leyou 891 had the highest Ni content of 2.136 mg/kg among the ten rice varieties.Yixiangyou 800 had lower Ni bioconcentration and translocation abilities from rice husks to brown rice than the other nine rice varieties. Based on the clustering analysis of brown rice Ni content in different rice varieties，Yixiangyou 800 was classified as the low⁃value class（class Ⅰ）variety.The THQ（target hazard quotient）values of the ten rice varieties for different population groups were all less than 1，indicating no health risk.Health risk assessment showed that Yixiangyou 800 had the lowest THQ value，and combined with the Ni content in brown rice，it was recommended as a rice variety with low Ni accumulation for the central Guizhou.

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Screening of Kidney Bean Varieties for Safe Production in Cadmium Polluted Farmland of Northwest Guizhou

CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, QIN Song, FAN Chengwu, LIU Guihua, WANG Li, JIANG Ya

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2023, 52 (6): 51-60. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.06.006

Abstract （577）

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In order to explore the differences in the absorption and enrichment of cadmium（Cd） by different kidney bean varieties and the effects of varieties and environment on them，and to screen out the Cd low⁃enriched kidney bean varieties suitable for planting in northwestern Guizhou，13 local kidney bean varieties were used as materials，and in the Cd⁃contaminated farmland of L site and Y site in northwestern Guizhou，a field plot experiment was conducted.The results showed that the variety，the environment and interaction between variety and environment had extremely significant effects on yield and Cd content of kidney bean，respectively. There was significant difference in Cd content of different kidney bean varieties in the same place. The maximum value of Cd（in Hongpiqiuzijiadou） and the minimum value of Cd（in Bangda No.2） could be 10 times different in the same place.The bioconcentration factor（BCF _Cd）of Cd in soils for different kidney bean varieties in L site and Y site were 0.06%—0.0% and 0.13%—0.93%，respectively.The Cd content of 13 tested kidney bean varieties showed the safe level.The yield of Bangda No.2 was the highest among the 13 varieties，reaching 18 513.6 and 19 287.9 kg/ha in L and Y sites，respectively.In summary，13 kidney bean varieties can be used as recommended varieties for Cd⁃contaminated areas in northwestern Guizhou，and Bangda No.2 was preferred because of its high yield and low Cd content.

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The Cd Absorption Characteristics and Edible Safety Evaluation of Different Varieties of Potato Tubers

CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, WANG Li, LIU Guihua, QIN Song, CAO Yan, FAN Chengwu

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2023, 52 (3): 73-81. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.03.008

Abstract （754）

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Field experiments were conducted in Cd‑contaminated farmland in T and Y locations of northwest Guizhou. Twenty one common potato varieties in northwest Guizhou were used as research objects to analyze the effect of varieties and environment，and to explore the Cd absorption characteristics and edible safety of different varieties of potato tubers，in order to provide practical reference for the safe planting of potatoes in northwest Guizhou. The results showed that the yield of different potato varieties in Y location ranged from 3 564.3 kg/ha to 15 271.8 kg/ha，with an average of 9 200.1 kg/ha.The yield of different potato varieties in T location ranged from 1 825.9 kg/ha to 16 305.6 kg/ha，with an average of 6 754.0 kg/ha. Zhuanxinwu in T and Y locations had the highest potato tuber yield.Variety，environment and their interaction had significant effects on potato tuber yield.The Cd content in tubers of different potato varieties in Y location ranged from 0.061 to 0.153 mg/kg，with an average of 0.094 mg/kg.The Cd content in tubers of different potato varieties in T location ranged from 0.055 to 0.111 mg/kg，with an average of 0.080 mg/kg.Variety，environment and their interaction had significant effects on Cd content in potato tubers.The standard exceeding rates of Cd in 21 potato varieties tested in Y and T locations were 38.09% and 14.29%，respectively.The Cd content in tubers of Qingshu 9 was the lowest in both Y and T.The edible safety evaluation showed that eating Cd‑excessive potato varieties had less risk to human health，but considering the Cd content in tubers，it is suggested that the varieties of potato with excessive Cd content should be used as industrial raw materials more safely.

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Screening of Safe Maize Varieties of Heavy Metals in Cadmium Arsenic Contaminated Farmland

CHAI Guanqun, ZHOU Lixing, WANG Li, LIU Guihua, QIN Song, CAO Yan, FAN Chengwu

Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2022, 51 (10): 74-85. DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.10.009

Abstract （957）

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In order to explore the differences in the accumulation ability of Cd and As in the grains of different maize varieties and the effects of variety and environment，and to screen out maize varieties with low accumulation of Cd and As in grains，50 local maize varieties in Qixingguan District，Bijie City were used as materials. The differences in the accumulation of Cd and As in maize grains were studied by field experiment in the Cd and As combined polluted farmland of location T and location Y in Qixingguan District.The results showed that variety，environment and their interaction had significant effects on Cd and As contents in maize grains.The contents of Cd and As in maize grains were significantly different，which were generally Cd>As.The grain As content of 50 maize varieties in location T and location Y was significantly lower than the limit of As in food（0.7 mg/kg，NY 861—2004）and the limit of As in feed（2.0 mg/kg，GB 13078—2017）.The grain Cd content of 50 maize varieties in location T and location Y was significantly lower than the limit of Cd in feed（1.0 mg/kg，GB 13078—2017）.The six varieties （Xinzhongyu 801，Jinduyu No.2，Jinduyu 808，Kangnongyu 109，Tongyu No.3，Yudan No.7）planted in location T and location Y had strong stability，and their Cd contents were higher than the limit of Cd in food（0.05 mg/kg，NY 861—2004）.In addition，the Cd content in Jinxiang 369 was also higher than the limit of Cd in food（0.05 mg/kg，NY 861—2004）. In summary，50 maize varieties could be planted as feed materials in Cd and As combined polluted farmland in the study area，Xinzhongyu 801，Jinduyu No.2，Jinduyu 808，Kangnongyu 109，Tongyu No.3，Yudan No.7，Jinxiang 369 could not be planted as food，while other maize varieties could be planted as food.

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