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For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Optimization of Wheat Breeding Technology System for Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in South Huang‑Huai Wheat Region LI Zhengling, ZHANG Yu, HAN Liupeng, WANG Yongxia, FANG Yuhui, HU Lin, XU Weigang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (2): 28-36.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.02.004 Abstract （227）      PDF （8052KB）（179）       Knowledge map    Save In order to further optimize the wheat breeding technology system for resistance to Fusarium head blight（Fhb）and the large‑scale resistance identification technology in the south of Huang‑Huai wheat zone，the wheat varieties with different resistance to Fhb（high resistance，moderate resistance，moderate susceptibility，high susceptibility）were used，the incidence and severity of disease by three frequently used inoculation methods with different inoculation amount were compared under the climatic conditions of the south of Huang‑Huai wheat zone，and limited backcross combined with marker‑assisted selection breeding and haploid breeding were used to select resistant cultivars.The results showed that the optimum inoculation amount for artificial soil surface inoculation method was 120 kg/ha，and the diseased grains should be scattered evenly between wheat rows twice in one month before heading.The optimum inoculation concentration for artificial spray inoculation method was 10 4/mL，and the conidial suspension should be sprayed on the wheat spike with the amount of 100 mL/m 2 at the early flowering stage.The optimum inoculation amount for single spikelet inoculation method was 15—20 μL（10 5/mL），and the conidial suspension should be injected to a spikelet in the middle of spikes at the early flowering stage.The Fhb‑resistant genes Fhb1 and Fhb7 were introduced into the high‑yield wheat cultivar Zhengmai 1860 by the method of limited backcross and marker‑assisted selection，and new wheat lines with better resistance than the recurrent parent were bred based on field resistance identification and agronomic traits selection.By comparing the comprehensive performance of haploid breeding progenies of different types of parents，we considered that it was more easily to breed cultivars with high yield and Fhb resistance using hybrid materials with balance between yield and Fhb resistance. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Biological Control of Sharp Eyespot and Growth Promotion in Wheat by Bacillus velezensis YB‑145 XIA Mingcong, DENG Xiaoxu, QI Hongzhi, XIE Xia, XU Wen, ZHANG Jie, SUN Runhong, PAN Yamei, WU Chao, YANG Lirong Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (10): 76-83.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.10.010 Abstract （382）      PDF （4427KB）（210）       Knowledge map    Save The aim was to find an excellent strain with growth‑promoting effect on wheat and efficient control of wheat sharp eyespot. Firstly，the inhibitory effect of strain YB‑145 on mycelial growth of six plant pathogens，including Rhizoctonia cerealis， Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum， Bipolaris sorokinana， Alternaria solani，Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium graminearum PH‑1 was studied in dual cultures on PDA plates. Furthermore，the strain was identified according to its morphological，physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The growth‑promoting effect of strain YB‑145 on wheat and its biological control effect on sharp eyespot were determined by Petri dish，pot and field experiments. The results showed that strain YB‑145 was identified as Bacillus velezensis，which could produce IAA（indole acetic acid）and siderophores and had extracellular protease and β‑1，3‑glucanase activities. In dual cultures， Bacillus velezensis YB‑145 significantly inhibited mycelial growth of 6 plant pathogens，especially R. cerealis. Bacillus velezensis YB‑145 at doses of 1×107 cfu/mL and 1×108 cfu/mL significantly promoted growth of wheat seedlings with more fresh weight of roots，fresh weight of shoots and height of shoots.Moreover，the efficacy of Bacillus velezensis YB‑145 at a doses of 1×108 cfu/mL in controlling wheat sharp eyespot reached 73.31%. Field investigation showed that the control effect of strain YB‑145 on sharp eyespot was up to 63.37% and the yield of wheat increased by 8.2%. The control effect（73.65%）and yield‑increasing rate of wheat（5.8%）of the treatment with 6% tebuconazole suspension had no significant difference with YB‑145. The above results demonstrate that Bacillus velezensis YB‑145 is a promising biological control agent to both promote wheat growth and suppress wheat sharp eyespot. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Identification of Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust and Molecular Marker Detection of Yr Gene in 242 Wheat Varieties(Lines) ZHOU Jun, LI Kuiyin, ZHANG Li, PENG Qin, XU Ruhong, REN Mingjian Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (6): 84-97.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.06.011 Abstract （140）      PDF （2070KB）（278）       Knowledge map    Save Two hundred and forty-two wheat germplasms from Guizhou,Sichuan and other places were collected,the adult-plant resistance to stripe rust was identified in the field,and five known resistance genes( Yr5,Yr10,Yr15,Yr18,Yr26) markers were used to detect the materials,so as to determine the stripe rust resistance level and type of disease-resistant genes of wheat germplasms,which would lay the foundation for the scientific and reasonable use of excellent disease-resistant wheat germplasms.The results showed that 116 wheat germplasms at adult stage displayed resistance to stripe rust among 242 wheat germplasms,including 11 germplasms were immune,27 germplasms were nearly immune,41 germplasms were highly resistant and 37 germplasms were moderately resistant to stripe rust,which accounted for 4.54%,11.16%,16.94% and 15.29% of the germplasms,respectively;only one germplasm exhibited slow rust,accounting for 0.41%;125 germplasms exhibited medium sensitivity and high sensitivity,accounting for 51.65%.Molecular detection result showed that,59 germplasms carried Yr26,13 contained Yr18,21 contained Yr15,14 contained Yr10,and 52 contained Yr5.There were 39 germplasms containing 2 resistant genes,such as Guinong No.19;7 germplasms carried 3 resistant genes,such as Guinong 775 and Guixie No.3;80F-1-4-2 contained 4 resistant genes.The above Yr genes were not detected in the remaining disease resistant germplasms,which might carry other undetected disease resistant genes. Related Articles | Metrics Select Plant Resistance to Leaf Rust in 50 Foreign Wheat Cultivars JIAO Yue, WANG Siman, ZHAO Xilan, ZHANG Peipei, ZHENG Huimin, LI Zaifeng, LIU Daqun Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (12): 79-88.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.12.012 Abstract （154）      PDF （1624KB）（258）       Knowledge map    Save A total of 50 introduced wheat cultivars were used for identifying seedling resistance gene for leaf rust at seedling stage and slow rusting resistance at adult stage. At seedling stage 20 Puccinia triticina pathotypes with virulent genes were used to inoculate the 50 introduced cultivars and 36 differential cultivars with known leaf rust resistance genes for postulating seedling genes present in these cultivars. Molecular marker were also used to test the cultivars for further confirming the results based on gene postulation.These cultivars were also tested for slow rusting resistance in field in two consecutive years at two locations.The results based on gene postulation and molecular marker detection showed that each of Lr1 and Lr26 were identified in five cultivars. Insijnia,Palpich,MV laura,Mason/jagger and Re7145 contained Lr1,while Lr26 were found in Insijnia,Tx03a0148,F98047j14-2inc,T67/X84w063-9-45/ / K92 and Mason/jagger.Based on gene postulation and molecular marker, Lr34 were detected in 13 cultivars(Hk1/6/Nvsr3/5bez/tvr,Tx03a0148,Palpich,Kanto107,MV laura,F92080g1-1/F93042g2-1,Mv05-08,Norin61,Bruta,Aca801,F98047j14-2inc,T67/X84w063-9-45//K92 and Mason/jagger)and Lr37 were present in 11 cultivars(Nidera baguette 10,Insijnia,Nsa09-3645,Soissons,Aztec,Carimulti,Mason/jagger,Re714,Kniish-46,Nuwest/4/D887-74/pew/and Fr03733). Lr46 was detected in 45 cultivars(Sagittario,Hk1/6/Nvsr3/5bez/tvr,Insijnia,Fr03717,Dorico etc.). Lr18 was present in two cultivars(T67/X84w063-9-45//K92 and Re7145) and three cultivars (Fr03724,Fr3713 and T67/X84w063-9-45//K92) contained Lr21. Lr36 was found only in T67/X84w063-9-45//K92.19cultivars(Mv05-08, Fr03725,Re714,Fr03717,Fr03724 etc.) slowed rusting resistance in the field trials. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of ＲNA Interference of gdo on Gaeumannomyces graminis,the Wheat Take-all Fungus DONG Zhenjie, MAI Yanna, XIA Qing, MA Chao, TIAN Xiubin, LI Huanhuan, LIU Wenxuan, SONG Yuli Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (11): 105-111.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.11.015 Abstract （93）      PDF （1021KB）（164）       Knowledge map    Save  In order to select the target genes used in host-inducing gene silencing(HIGS) to protect wheat from damages caused by Ggt( Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) ,the effects on growth and pathogenicity of Ggt fungus KX-7 caused by ＲNA interference(ＲNAi) of gdo gene which encodes genti sate 1,2-dioxygenase(GDO) were investigated.The results showed that，gdo gene silencing caused by ＲNAi obviously inhibited hyphae growth of the fungus.The relative growth rates of hyphae of thirty Ggt transformants in vitro cultured on solid PDA medium were only 20.00%—87.00% of wild type control. gdo ＲNAi in Ggt cells lessened the pathogenicity of transformants to wheat plants at different extents. Based on wheat resistance evaluation twenty-eight days post inoculation with gdo ＲNAi transformants,dis ease index of transformant L-4 infected wheat plants was 39.29,obviously lower than wild type control (75.93).The results of in vitro culture showed that there was no obvious correlation between hyphae rela tive growth rate and Ggt pathogenicity.Hyphae relative growth rate of four tested transformants was orderly from high to low by S-6( 59.00%)= L-2( 59.00%) ＞L-4( 42.00%) ＞M-5( 30.00%),whereas the disease index of infected plants was in descending order of S-6( 84.00) ＞M-5( 77.08) ＞L-2( 62.07) ＞L-4( 39.29) .This study confirmed that gdo gene could be used as a candidate target gene in HIGS for the protection of wheat from Ggt． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Evaluation of Ｒesistance to Stripe Ｒust and Molecular Detection of Ｒesistant Genes in Wheat Germplasms at Home and Abroad CHEN Xiangdong, WU Xiaojun, HU Tiezhu, LI Xiaohui, LI Gan, HOU Kaixin, ＲU Zhengang Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (9): 103-110.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.09.015 Abstract （106）      PDF （2227KB）（290）       Knowledge map    Save  One hundred and twenty-four wheat germplasms were evaluated using 5 molecular markers closely linked to Yr10(Yellow rust 10) ， Yr15 and Yr24，which were resistant to stripe rust on chromosome 1BS，and disease grade was analyzed at adult stage for 4 years in field，so as to provide reference for ra tional utilization of wheat disease-resistant resources，rational distribution of disease-resistant varieties and resistance improvement of wheat varieties.The results showed that among 124 wheat germplasms，29 germ plasms displayed moderate resistance or above it，accounting for 23.39%，9 germplasms reached immune or near immune level，2 germplasms reached highly resistant level，and 18 germplasms reached moderately resistant level，accounting for 7.26% ，1.61% and 14.52% respectively; while 83 germplasms displayed susceptibility，4 germplasms reached moderately susceptible level，17 germplasms reached moderately to highly susceptible level，and 62 germplasms reached highly susceptible level，accounting for 3.23%， 13.71% and 50.00%，respectively; 12 germplasms displayed moderate susceptibility to moderate resist ance，accounting for 9.68%.The detection results of Yr genes showed that 32，28 and 80 wheat germ plasms carried Yr10，Yr15 and Yr24 genes，accounting for 25.81%，22.58% and 64.52%，respectively.Among 29 resistant germplasms，12 germplasms contained Yr10 gene，including Zhengyumai 9987，Nongda 189，Zimai No.1，Pandaola，CL0407 (Early) ，CL0438，09Zhiyin No.1，09Zhiyin No.2，CAＲMEN， MoS139，Moscow 39 and Aoayou No.1; only 3 germplasms contained Yr15 gene，including TAMOI，Pand aola and Aoayou No．1;22 germplasms contained Yr24 gene，among which 8 germplasms reached immune or near immune level，which were Jimai 22，Bainong 64，Nongda 189，Neimai 836，Yunmai 57,09Zhiyin No.1，CAＲMEN and French bermude. Yr10，Yr15 and Yr24 genes were detected in Pandaola and Aoayou No.1，while the above genes were not detected in Zhoumai 22，Bainongaikang 58，Xinmai 19，Emai No.19，HUAYUN and MＲYC，so their resistance to stripe rust might be controlled by other genes． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics