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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Changes in Berry Peel Structure and Related Substances of Shine Muscat Grape with Different Berry Russet Levels LOU Yusui, SHANG Hongquan, FAN Hongjie, LI Zheng, ZHANG Ke, LÜ Zhongwei, ZHANG Xiaofeng, WU Wenying Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (9): 105-113.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.09.011 Abstract （285）      PDF （3311KB）（297）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the physiological mechanism of berry russet formation in Shine Muscat grape，eight‐year‐old Shine Muscat grapevines were used as experimental materials to study the changes of berry peel structure，cell membrane permeability，cell wall and berry russet substance content，and related enzyme activities at different berry russet levels after softening stage. Results showed that berry russet occured in the intercellular space and cell wall first，and the cell structure became obvious. Then it spreaded into the cell gradually. Meanwhile，the browning range and cell space increased，and the peel surface was uneven.It penetrated into the whole cell when berry russet was severe. With the increase of berry russet level，the permeability of cell membrane increased gradually.The cell membrane permeability of berry russet levels 3 and 4 increased significantly，which reached above 77%.Meanwhile，the contents of cellulose，hemicellulose and protopectin decreased gradually，and the contents of lignin and total phenol increased gradually. And the contents of lignin and total phenol at berry russet levels 1，2，3 and 4 increased significantly，which reached 161. 3 mg/g and 1.29 mg/g or above，respectively.Furthermore，the activities of cellulase and acid phosphatase increased first and then decreased with the increase of berry russet level.The activities of alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase decreased first and then increased.The activity of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase increased gradually.The polyphenol oxidase activity decreased gradually.In conclusion，the formation of berry russet in Shine Muscat grape is a process of the degradation of cell wall structure and the accumulation of lignin and other berry russet substances.The phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase is the key enzyme to regulate the formation of berry russet of Shine Muscat grape. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of Different Yield Load on Quality Development during Delayed Harvest of Shine Muscat Grape LOU Yusui, ZHANG Xiaofeng, LI Zheng, SHANG Hongquan, FAN Hongjie, LÜ Zhongwei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2022, 51 (6): 111-118.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2022.06.012 Abstract （415）      PDF （1743KB）（283）       Knowledge map    Save To determine the proper yield load and harvest time for delayed harvest of Shine Muscat grape，9⁃year⁃old Shine Muscat grapevines were used as experimental materials. The yield loads of four treatments were one cluster per two（F1），three（F2），four（F3），and five（F4）shoots，respectively，and yield load of one cluster per shoot was the control（CK）.The fruit quality during the delayed harvest and the nutrient storage of branches after defoliation were compared.Results showed that the berry softening rate and soluble sugar content increased gradually，the berry weight，hardness and titratable acid（TA）content decreased gradually，and the total soluble solid（TSS）content and ratio of TSS and TA increased first and then decreased during the delayed harvest time.The berry softening rate and the soluble sugar content of branches decreased gradually，the decline rates of berry weight and hardness slowed down，and the contents of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium and starch in branches increased gradually with the yield load level decreasing. The berry softening rate of all treatments reached about 50% at 63 days after fruit ripening.At 42 days，42 days，49 days，63 days and 70 days after fruit ripening，the berry weight of CK，F1，F2，F3 and F4 decreased significantly compaired with that at ripening. The fruit soluble sugar content of F2 was always the highest，which reached 22.06% at 77 days after fruit ripening.In order to obtain better economic benefit，it is suggested that the suitable harvest time is about 45 days after fruit ripening（mid⁃October）for Shine Muscat under the condition of rain⁃shelter cultivation in the old flooded area of Yellow River，and the yield load is from 6.25 t/ha to 7.50 t/ha，that is one cluster per three shoots based on the fruit quality and nutrient accumulation of branches. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Sink-Source Relationship on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Quality of Beimei Grape SONG Shen, SHAN Shouming, LI Qian, LIU Sifan Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (6): 109-115.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.06.013 Abstract （180）      PDF （2379KB）（252）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of sink-source relationship on anthocyanin accumulation and quality of Beimei grape,the ratio of leaf number to ear number of fruiting branches was adjusted before veraison as 18 leaves/ panicle(CK),10 leaves/panicle(T1),14 leaves/ panicle(T2),22 leaves/ panicle(T3) and 26 leaves/ panicle (T4),and the anthocyanin content in grape peel and fruit quality were determined.The results showed that compared with CK, increasing the ratio of leaf to fruit could significantly increase the contents of total soluble sugar and total phenol,decrease the contents of titratable acid and tannin,and increase the contents of total anthocyanins and five kinds of anthocyanins in grape peel.When the fruit was harvested,the total anthocyanin content in the pericarp treated with T3 and T4 was significantly increased compared with that of CK by 12.7% and 15.1%,respectively.Compared with CK, the contents of petunidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside,peonidin-3-O-glucoside and malvidin-3-O-glucoside in pericarp treated with T3 increased significantly by 22.6%,20.4%,59.4%,28.7% and 4.1%,respectively,and the contents of five anthocyanin monomers in pericarp treated with T4 increased significantly by 21.9%,9.3%,23.2%,16.5% and 14.4%,respectively. The principal component analysis of the fruit quality of Beimei grape showed that the first principal component contained the contents of peonidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, total soluble sugar,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,the second principal component contained the contents of titratable acid and petunidin-3-O-glucoside.The comprehensive score of fruit quality of Beimei grape with different leaf-fruit ratio treatment was the highest in T3 treatment,followed by T4 treatment,and the lowest in T1 treatment.Therefore,in order to ensure the grape yield,it is suggested that the leaf-fruit ratio of grape plant should be adjusted to 22 leaves/panicle,so as to improve the anthocyanin content in the pericarp and fruit quality of Beimei grape. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effect of Tree Shape on Sugar Content and Enzymes Activities of Sucrose Metabolism in Wine Grape Fruit ZHAO Qifeng, GUO Wenjiao, XUN Zhili, NIU Dongqing, LIANG Changmei, WEN Pengfei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2021, 50 (5): 122-128.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.05.017 Abstract （150）      PDF （1819KB）（232）       Knowledge map    Save To provide a theoretical basis for standardized cultivation, the effects of two kinds of tree shape,“厂”-shape and fan-shape on sugar metabolism and accumulation in wine grape (Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay) were studied.The contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in grapes were determined by ion chromatography. The total sugar content and the activities of acid invertase(AI),neutral invertase(NI),sucrose synthase(SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) were determined by physiological and biochemical methods.The results showed that the“厂”-shaped tree shape was beneficial to the accumulation of glucose,fructose and sucrose in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape,fructose and sucrose in‘Chardonnay’grape,and fan-shaped tree shape was beneficial to glucose accumulation in‘Chardonnay’ grape.However,the total sugar contents of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ and ‘Chardonnay’grape were higher in the shape of fan than in the shape of “厂”.Tree shape had significant influence on AI and SPS activities of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape,and the difference reached significant level at the color transformation stage and mature stage. The AI activity of the“厂”-shaped tree shape was higher than that of the fan-shaped tree shape,and activities of NI,SS and SPS in the shape of fan were better than that in the shape of “厂”.The activities of AI,NI,SS and SPS of ‘Chardonnay’grape in the fanshape were better than those in the shape of “厂”.The tree shape of fan was more beneficial to the accumulation of total sugar and the increase of enzyme activity in wine grape.The tree shape of “厂”was more beneficial to the accumulation of glucose,fructose,and sucrose in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,and the accumulation of fructose and sucrose in ‘Chardonnay’. Related Articles | Metrics Select Research Progress of Melatonin Application in Grapes ZHAO Yanxia, WU Xinying, WANG Pengfei, QI Guimei Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (8): 1-5.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.08.001 Abstract （281）      PDF （1099KB）（647）       Knowledge map    Save Research progress of melatonin in grapes in recent years was reviewed in this paper.Melatonin content in grapes of different varieties and developmental stages,the role of melatonin in the growth and development of grapes,stress response functions involved in saline,alkali,water,temperature and oxidative stress,mechanism of melatonin interacting with various plant hormones were mainly introduced,in order to provide a theoretical reference for the application and systematic study of melatonin in grapes. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Reduced Fertilization on Yield,Nutrient Uptake and Soil Nutrient Residue of Grape LÜ Zhongwei, GUO Zhanling, ZHANG Ke, WU Wenying, LOU Yusui, YANG Zhanping Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (6): 127-131.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.06.016 Abstract （140）      PDF （1272KB）（308）       Knowledge map    Save In order to realize the sustainable development of green ecological production of grape,four fertilization modes,CF(farmers’ habitual fertilization,three times application),RF(30% reduction of CF,three times application),SF(nitrogen,phosphorus reduction and potassium increase of CF,two times application),RSF(30% reduction of SF,two times application),were set up by field experiments to study the effects of reducing fertilization amount and frequency on Shine Muscat grape yield,nutrient uptake and soil nutrient residue. The results showed that RF, SF and RSF could increase the fresh fruit yield compared with CF and decrease the water content of grapes, increase the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in leaves,reduce the residue of nitrate nitrogen in one meter soil profile.SF and RSF could significantly increase soil available potassium residue in 60 cm soil profile.Among them,RF was the best fertilization mode,which increased the fresh weight of grape fruit by 3.1%,decreased the moisture content by 1.0 percentage points,increased the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of leaves by 13.9%,22.7%,14.0%,increased the absorption of potassium of fruit by 2.5%,decreased nitrate nitrogen residue in 1-meter soil by 16.4%,and decreased available phosphorus and potassium residues by 16.6% and 12.7% in 60 cm soil profile.Therefore,reasonable reduced fertilization can not only reduce fertilizer input and production cost,but also increase grape yield and nutrient absorption,reduce soil nutrient residue,and can be applied in production. Related Articles | Metrics Select Effects of Nitrogen Reduction under Alternate Root-Zone Irrigation on Grape Growth,Yield and Fruit Quality CHEN Linan, , LIU Xiuchun , HAN Xiaori , SUN Zhanxiang , RONG Chuansheng Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2020, 49 (2): 123-129.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2020.02.016 Abstract （173）      PDF （1394KB）（525）       Knowledge map    Save The purpose of this study was to discuss the effect on yield and fruit quality of grape by coupling of alternate irrigation method and nitrogen reduction. 4 years old Liaofeng grape(Vitis vinifera ‘Liaofeng’)trees were taken as experimental material.The experiment was conducted with two irrigation methods:alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation(AI) and conventional irrigation(CI),three N applied rates:no N fertilizer applied(NN,0 kg/ ha N),recommended N rate(RN,100 kg/ha N) and farmer practice N rate(FN,200 kg/ha N).New shoots growth,redundant growth,leaf photosynthetic characteristics were observed.The results showed that there was a significant interaction between the irrigation methods and N applied rates.The new shoot length of CIFN treatment was the highest,which was 11.9% and 6.8% higher than that of AIRN and AIFN, respectively.At the same irrigation mode,the pruning amount of new shoots of two N applied treatments was higher than NN treatment(P<0.01).The total pruning amount of AI(average of all N treatments) was significantly decreased by 21.1% compared to CI.Pn of AI increased compared to CI,Tr of AI was significantly lower than CI.iWUE of AI increased significantly.And iWUE of AI coupling with RN was highest,which increased by 17.6% and 34.0% compared to CIRN and CIFN.The yield,soluble sugar and Vc contents increased of AI.And sugar-acid ratio of AI coupling with RN was significantly increased.In conclusion,the synergistic effect of alternate root-zone irrigation and recommended nitrogen rate reduced the redundant growth of grape,created good photosynthetic characters, and promoted grape yield and quality. Related Articles | Metrics Select  Study on the Storage Quality of Crystal Grapes with Different Maturity JI Ning, WANG Ｒui, HAN Zefeng, YANG Xiangqian, CAO Sen, MA Lizhi Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences    2019, 48 (9): 117-124.   DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.09.017 Abstract （118）      PDF （1556KB）（310）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the commercial value of crystal grapes with different harvest maturity after storage，the crystal grapes picked in three different periods were taken as experimental objects，and PE20 fresh-keeping bags were used as packaging materials stored at (1.0 ±0.3)℃ and relative humidity of (90±5) %.The results showed that stored for 60 days，the 70% maturity fruit’s rot rate(14.42%) ，threshing rate(20.26%) ，browning rate(25.16%) ，soluble solid content(12.07%) were lower than the 80% and 90% maturity． The hardness(270.19 g) was higher than the 80% and 90% maturity，and the water con tent did not differ among the maturity during the whole storage period． The 80% maturity fruit’s rot rate (20.89%) ，threshing rate( 25.06%) ，browning rate( 33.88%) were lower than those of the 90% matu rity，and vitamin C content(0.080 mg/g) was higher than 90% maturity.In summary，the 70% maturity fruit’s storability was better than the 80% and 90% maturity，but its soluble solid content was lower，re sulting in poor taste，and the 90% maturity fruit’s vitamin C content was lower than the 80% maturity.In addition，the 90% maturity fruit’s rot，browning and threshing were serious，and the commodity value was lower than that of the 80% maturity.Therefore，the comprehensive comparison showed that the crystal grape should be harvested at the 80% maturity，which would be more conducive to the commodity value after storage． Reference | Related Articles | Metrics