Abstract: Based on a 3‑year field experiment，this study reduced nitrogen application by 20% compared with the conventional nitrogen application rate，combined with the application of slow/controlled‑release fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer. Five treatments were designed，including no application of nitrogen fertilizer（T1），conventional nitrogen application rate（T2），reducing nitrogen by 20%（T3），reducing nitrogen by 20% combined with slow/controlled‑release fertilizer（T4），and reducing nitrogen by 20% combined with humic acid fertilizer（T5）. The effects of different treatments on dry weight，nitrogen content and accumulation of aboveground part，grain yield，nitrogen use efficiency，and soil nutrient content were studied，so as to clarify the synergistic effects and suitable application conditions of these fertilizers under nitrogen reduction，and provide a scientific basis for enhancing soil fertility and ensuring sustainable development in yellow‑cinnamon soil farmland.The results showed that，compared with T1 treatment，in 3 a T2—T5 treatments generally significantly increased dry weight，nitrogen content and accumulation of aboveground part，grain yield of winter wheat，and soil nutrient content at mature stage.Compared with T2 treatment，in 3 a T3 treatment showed no significant difference in dry weight，nitrogen content and accumulation of aboveground part，and grain yield of winter wheat at mature stage；T4 treatment increased dry weight of aboveground part，grain nitrogen content，nitrogen accumulation of aboveground part，and grain yield at mature stage，however，there was no significant difference；T5 treatment significantly increased dry weight of aboveground part，grain nitrogen content，nitrogen accumulation of aboveground part，and grain yield at mature stage by 7.90%—12.78%，4.38%—7.67%，14.59%—22.33%，and 5.78%—8.73% respectively.Compared with T2 treatment，T3 treatment had no significant difference in nitrogen use efficiency；nitrogen use efficiency，agronomic use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer，and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased by 37.10%—43.19%，23.39%—29.97%，and 24.77%—26.41% under T4 treatment，and 75.88%—93.25%，60.49%—71.80%，and 32.19%—35.88% under T5 treatment，respectively.Regarding soil nutrients，in 3 a T3 and T4 treatments showed no significant difference in soil organic matter and available nitrogen contents compared with T2 treatment，while T5 treatment increased soil organic matter and available nitrogen contents by 5.32%—9.90% and 1.80%—5.52%，respectively.There were significant positive correlations between yield，nitrogen use efficiency and straw nitrogen content，aboveground nitrogen accumulation，and effective spike number at mature stage.In conclusion，the comprehensive performance order of different treatments is T5>T4>T2>T3>T1；compared with conventional nitrogen application rate，nitrogen reduction combined with slow/controlled‑release fertilizer significantly enhances nitrogen use efficiency；reducing nitrogen by 20% combined with humic acid fertilizer significantly increases dry weight and nitrogen accumulation of aboveground part of winter wheat，promotes nitrogen use，and improves grain yield.

Key words: Winter wheat, Nitrogen reduction, Humic acid fertilizer, Grain yield, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen accumulation, Yellow?cinnamon soil

摘要： 基于3 a田间试验，在常规施氮量的基础上减氮20%，同时配施缓/控释型肥和腐植酸肥料，研究不同处理［不施氮肥（T1）、常规施氮量（T2）、减氮20%（T3）、减氮20%基础上配施缓/控释型肥料（T4）、减氮20%基础上配施腐植酸肥料（T5）］对冬小麦地上部干质量、氮素含量及积累量、产量、氮素利用及土壤养分含量的影响，旨在明确两类肥料在减氮条件下的协同效应与适用条件，以期为实现黄褐土农田地力提升和可持续发展提供有效的科学依据。结果表明，与T1处理相比，3 a T2—T5处理成熟期冬小麦地上部干质量、氮含量及积累量、产量、土壤养分含量总体上均显著提高。与T2处理相比，3 a T3处理成熟期冬小麦地上部干质量、氮含量及积累量和产量均无显著差异；T4处理地上部干质量、籽粒氮含量、地上部氮积累量、产量均有所增加，但是差异不显著；T5处理地上部干质量、籽粒氮含量、地上部氮积累量、产量分别显著增加7.90%~12.78%、4.38%~7.67%、14.59%~22.33%、5.78%~8.73%。与T2处理相比，3 a T3处理氮素利用效率均无显著差异；T4、T5处理氮素利用效率分别显著提高37.10%~43.19%、75.88%~93.25%，氮肥农学效率分别显著提高23.39%~29.97%、60.49%~71.80%，氮肥偏生产力分别显著提高24.77%~26.41%、32.19%~35.88%。与T2处理相比，3 a T3和T4处理土壤有机质和碱解氮含量无显著变化，T5处理土壤有机质和碱解氮含量分别增加5.32%~9.90%和1.80%~5.52%。3 a产量、氮素利用效率与成熟期秸秆氮含量、地上部氮积累量、有效穗数均呈极显著正相关。综上，各处理综合表现为T5>T4>T2>T3>T1，与常规施氮量相比，氮肥减施20%配施缓/控释型肥料可显著促进氮素利用；氮肥减施20%配施腐植酸肥料可显著提高冬小麦地上部干质量和氮积累量，促进氮素利用，提高产量。

关键词: 冬小麦, 氮肥减施, 腐植酸肥料, 产量, 氮素利用效率, 氮积累量, 黄褐土