Abstract: The Berberis thunbergii‘Atropurpurea’seeds exhibit physiological barrier due to their hard seed coat and prolonged dormancy period，which limits the popularization and application.To clarify the effects of different treatments on seed germination characteristics of this species and screen out the optimal treatment to promote seed germination，this study set up various durations（10，15，20，25，30 min，denoted as A1—A5）of sulfuric acid（H₂SO₄） etching，various durations（15，30，45，60，75 min，denoted as B1—B5） of sodium hydroxide（NaOH） alkali etching and various concentrations（100，150，200，250，300 mg/L，denoted as C1—C5）of gibberellin（GA₃）soaking treatments. Seed coat microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy，while germination parameters，seedling growth indices，physiological indicators，and endogenous hormone levels were measured.The results showed that H₂SO₄ etching and GA₃ soaking significantly enhanced seed germination and seedling growth，whereas NaOH alkali etching significantly inhibited them.H₂SO₄ etching improved water and air permeability of seed coat，and significantly increased soluble protein and abscisic acid（ABA） content in the germ.GA₃ soaking caused almost no mechanical damage to the seed coat，but significantly increased the soluble protein，soluble sugar and GA₃ content in germ by regulating internal physiological metabolism.Although NaOH alkali etching caused no severe seed coat damage，it significantly reduced α‑amylase activity and indole‑3‑acetic acid（IAA）content，while markedly increased ABA levels in germ.The principal component analysis indicated that the comprehensive order of seed germination effect from high to low was C4，C5，C3，C2，C1，A5，A4，A3，A2，A1，CK，B1，B2，B3，B4，B5.Overall，both GA₃ soaking and H₂SO₄ etching treatments could effectively promote the seed germination of Berberis thunbergii‘Atropurpurea’，and soaking in 250 mg/L GA₃ solution for 24 hours exhibited the optimal promoting effect.

Key words: Berberis thunbergii‘Atropurpurea’, Seed germination, Physiological characteristics, Endogenous hormones, Seed coat microstructure, Gibberellin soaking, Sulfuric acid etching

摘要： 紫叶小檗种子存在种皮坚硬且休眠期长的生理障碍，限制了其推广应用。为明确不同处理对紫叶小檗种子萌发特性的影响，筛选促进种子萌发的最佳处理，采用不同时间（10、15、20、25、30 min，记作A1—A5）硫酸（H₂SO₄）酸蚀、不同时间（15、30、45、60、75 min，记作B1—B5）氢氧化钠（NaOH）碱蚀及不同质量浓度（100、150、200、250、300 mg/L ，记作C1—C5）赤霉素（GA₃）浸种处理种子，结合扫描电镜观察种皮微观结构，并测定种子萌发指标、幼苗生长指标、生理指标及内源激素含量。结果表明，H2SO4酸蚀和GA₃浸种处理显著促进了种子萌发及幼苗生长，而NaOH碱蚀处理则表现出显著的抑制效果。H₂SO₄酸蚀能够改善种皮的透水性和透气性，并显著提高了胚芽可溶性蛋白和脱落酸（ABA）含量；GA₃浸种对种皮几乎无机械破坏作用，但通过调节种子内部的生理代谢，显著提高了胚芽可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和GA3含量；NaOH碱蚀虽未对种皮造成严重损伤，但显著降低了胚芽α-淀粉酶活性和生长素（IAA）含量，并显著提高了胚芽ABA含量。主成分分析结果表明，种子萌发效果综合排序由高到低依次为C4、C5、C3、C2、C1、A5、A4、A3、A2、A1、CK、B1、B2、B3、B4、B5。综上所述，GA₃浸种和H2SO4酸蚀处理均可有效促进紫叶小檗种子萌发，以250 mg/L GA₃溶液浸种24 h效果最佳。

关键词: 紫叶小檗, 种子萌发, 生理特性, 内源激素, 种皮微观结构, 赤霉素浸种, 硫酸酸蚀