Effect of Mepenzolate Compounding with Plant Growth Regulator on Spatiotemporal Distribution of Boll Formation and Endogenous Hormones in Cotton

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.02.006

Abstract

Abstract: Mepenzolate（DPC）compounding with plant growth regulator can effectively increase cotton yield. To clarify its effect on the law of boll formation in cotton，DPC was selected to be compounded with sodium nitroprusside（CSN），brassinolide（BR），sodium naphthylacetate（SNA），and phthalanilic acid（PHA），and a single application of DPC was used as the control. Three sprays were carried out at the budding stage，the pre⁃boll stage and the peak boll stage，and the effects of different compound combinations on the canopy structure，spatiotemporal distribution of boll formation，endogenous hormones，and yield were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the control，the compound treatment increased the leaf area index of cotton at the flowering boll stage，resulting in a significant decrease in the light transmittance of the lower canopy. The compound treatment increased the average growth rate of each reproductive organ and increased the number of flocculent bolls，and the number of cotton bolls increased by 35. 88%—46. 76% compared with the control. The compound treatment had a great effect on the vertical distribution of cotton bolls，the boll proportion in the lower part decreased compared with the control，but it increased the proportion of bolls in the middle and upper parts.The contents of indole acetic acid（IAA）and abscisic acid（ABA）in leaves could be reduced by compound treatment 10 days after the first application，and the gibberellins（GA₃）content of DPC compounding with BR was significantly higher than that of the control at 30 days after application，and the compound treatment could significantly regulate the increase of zeatin riboside（ZR）content. Compared with the control，the boll formation rate of the compound treatment was significantly increased by 9.97%—16.85%，the number of bolls per hectare was significantly increased by 9.20%—17.22%，and the lint yield was significantly increased by 10.33%—22.30%. In conclusion，DPC compound treatment optimizes the spatiotemporal distribution of boll formation by regulating cotton endogenous hormones，which significantly increases the boll rate and thus increases cotton yield.

Key words: Cotton, Plant growth regulator, Mepenzolate, Spatiotemporal distribution of boll formation, Endogenous hormones

摘要： 甲哌鎓（DPC）复配植物生长调节剂是提高棉花产量的一种有效措施。为明确其对棉花成铃规律的影响，选用甲哌鎓与复硝酚钠（CSN）、芸苔素内酯（BR）、萘乙酸钠（SNA）和苯肽胺酸（PHA）进行复配，以单剂甲哌鎓为对照，于蕾期、花铃前期、花铃盛期进行3次喷施，分析不同复配组合对棉花冠层结构、成铃时空分布、内源激素含量和产量的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，复配处理增加了花铃期棉花的叶面积指数，导致冠层下部透光率显著降低。复配处理提高各生殖器官的平均增长速率并增加吐絮铃数，其中吐絮棉铃数量较对照增长35.88%~46.76%。复配处理对棉铃的垂直分布影响较大，冠层下部成铃占比较对照降低，但冠层中上部成铃占比增加。首次施药后10 d复配处理即可降低叶片中吲哚乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）的含量，甲哌鎓复配芸苔素内酯在施药后30 d的赤霉素（GA₃）含量显著高于对照，且复配处理均能显著调节玉米素核苷（ZR）含量的增加。与对照相比，复配处理成铃率显著提高9.97%~16.85%，每公顷铃数显著提高9.20%~17.22%，皮棉产量显著增加10.33%~22.30%。综上，甲哌鎓复配处理通过调控棉花内源激素来实现成铃时空分布的优化，使得成铃率显著提高，进而提高棉花产量。

关键词: 棉花, 植物生长调节剂, 甲哌鎓, 成铃时空分布, 内源激素

CLC Number:

S562

ZHANG Ning, ZHANG Yongli, LIU Yujie, TU Xiaoju, ZHOU Zhonghua, LIU Aiyu. Effect of Mepenzolate Compounding with Plant Growth Regulator on Spatiotemporal Distribution of Boll Formation and Endogenous Hormones in Cotton[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(2): 48-57.

张宁, 张永莉, 刘玉杰, 屠小菊, 周仲华, 刘爱玉. 甲哌鎓复配植物生长调节剂对棉花成铃时空分布及内源激素的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(2): 48-57.

Figures/Tables 7

References

［1］聂军军，代建龙，杜明伟，等.我国现代植棉理论与技术的新发展：棉花集中成熟栽培［J］.中国农业科学，2021，54（20）：4286⁃4298.
NIE J J，DAI J L，DU M W，et al.New development of modern cotton farming theory and technology in China—Concentrated maturation cultivation of cotton［J］.Scientia Agricultura Sinica，2021，54（20）：4286⁃4298.
［2］ZHAO D L，OOSTERHUIS D M. Pix plus and mepiquat chloride effects on physiology，growth，and yield of field⁃grown cotton［J］.Journal of Plant Growth Regulation，2000，19（4）：415⁃422.
［3］刘爱玉，屠小菊，周仲华，等.棉花夏播短季轻简化栽培技术［J］.湖南农业科学，2022（2）：28⁃31.
LIU A Y，TU X J，ZHOU Z H，et al.Light simplified cultivation technology of summer cotton［J］.Hunan Agricultural Sciences，2022（2）：28⁃31.
［4］张宁，许豆豆，刘玉杰，等.夏播短季栽培对棉花成铃时空分布特征及产量构成的影响［J］.湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版），2024，50（1）：15⁃22.
ZHANG N，XU D D，LIU Y J，et al.Effects of summer⁃sowing short⁃season⁃cultivation on spatial⁃temporal characteristics of boll⁃formation and yield composition of cotton［J］.Journal of Hunan Agricultural University（Natural Sciences），2024，50（1）：15⁃22.
［5］郑曙峰，刘小玲，王维，等.论两熟制棉花绿色化轻简化机械化栽培［J］.作物学报，2022，48（3）：541⁃552.

ZHENG S F，LIU X L，WANG W，et al.On the green and light⁃simplified and mechanized cultivation of cotton in a cotton⁃based double cropping system［J］.Acta Agronomica Sinica，2022，48（3）：541⁃552.

［6］DAI J L，DONG H Z. Intensive cotton farming technologies in China：Achievements，challenges and countermeasures［J］.Field Crops Research，2014，155：99⁃110.

［7］WANG L，MU C，DU M W，et al. The effect of mepiquat chloride on elongation of cotton（Gossypium hirsutum L.）internode is associated with low concentration of gibberellic acid［J］.Plant Science，2014，225：15⁃23.

［8］REN X M，ZHANG L Z，DU M W，et al. Managing mepiquat chloride and plant density for optimal yield and quality of cotton［J］.Field Crops Research，2013，149：1⁃10.

［9］郝青南，杨芳，汪嫒嫒，等.氮肥与复硝酚钠复配对南方大豆光合特性和产量及品质的影响［J］.中国油料作物学报，2022，44（3）：610⁃620.

HAO Q N，YANG F，WANG A A，et al.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and sodium nitratol on photosynthetic characteristics and yield quality in southern soybean［J］.Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences，2022，44（3）：610⁃620.

［10］江丽，袁名安，李朵姣，等.赤霉素及芸苔素内酯对茶树光合特性和茶果产量的影响［J］.中国油脂，2022，47（7）：38⁃44.

JIANG L，YUAN M A，LI D J，et al. Effects of gibberellin and brassinolide on photosynthetic characteristic and tea fruit yield of tea plants［J］.China Oils and Fats，2022，47（7）：38⁃44.

［11］曹莹，张贺楠，孟军，等.木醋液与萘乙酸钠复合作用对花生光合特性及产量的影响［J］.干旱地区农业研究，2017，35（1）：185⁃191.

CAO Y，ZHANG H N，MENG J，et al.Effects of wood vinegar and sodium naphthalene acetate on photosynthesis and yield of peanut［J］.Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas，2017，35（1）：185⁃191.

［12］田阳青，马春梅，赵强，等.苯肽胺酸对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收和产量的影响［J］.河南农业科学，2022，51（6）：67⁃75.

TIAN Y Q，MA C M，ZHAO Q，et al.Effects of phthalamic acid on dry matter accumulation，nutrient absorption and yield of cotton［J］.Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences，2022，51（6）：67⁃75.

［13］杜明伟，杨富强，吴宁，等.长江中下游棉花产量相关性状研究及棉太金的调控作用［J］.中国棉花，2012，39（6）：15⁃19.

DU M W，YANG F Q，WU N，et al.Effects of mixture of mepiquat chloride and 2（⁃diethylamino）ethyl caproate on yield and related characters in cotton（Gossypium hirsutum L.）along middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River［J］.China Cotton，2012，39（6）：15⁃19.

［14］GAO Z，LIANG X G，ZHANG L，et al.Spraying exogenous 6⁃benzyladenine and brassinolide at tasseling increases maize yield by enhancing source and sink capacity［J］. Field Crops Research，2017，211：1⁃9.

［15］雷亚平，韩迎春，王国平，等.棉花株式图信息数字化方法及其应用［J］.棉花学报，2018，30（1）：92⁃101.

LEI Y P，HAN Y C，WANG G P，et al.A method for digitization of information for cotton plant mapping［J］.Cotton Science，2018，30（1）：92⁃101.

［16］LIU Y，DING Y F，WANG Q S，et al.Effects of nitrogen and 6⁃benzylaminopurine on rice tiller bud growth and changes in endogenous hormones and nitrogen［J］.Crop Science，2011，51（2）：786⁃792.

［17］中国农业科学院棉花研究所. 中国棉花栽培学［M］.上海：上海科学技术出版社，2013.

Cotton Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Cotton cultivation in China［M］.Shanghai：Shanghai Science and Technology Press，2013.

［18］棉花结铃模式调节研究协作组. 棉花优质高产结铃模式调节及配套技术［J］.中国棉花，1991，18（4）：19⁃20.

Cotton Boll Pattern Regulation Research Group.Adjustment of high⁃quality and high⁃yield boll setting mode of cotton and supporting technology［J］.China Cotton，1991，18（4）：19⁃20.

［19］董合忠，毛树春，张旺锋，等. 棉花优化成铃栽培理论及其新发展［J］.中国农业科学，2014，47（3）：441⁃451.

DONG H Z，MAO S C，ZHANG W F，et al. On boll⁃setting optimization theory for cotton cultivation and its new development［J］.Scientia Agricultura Sinica，2014，47（3）：441⁃451.

［20］NIE J J，YUAN Y C，QIN D L，et al.Spatial distribution of bolls affects yield formation in different genotypes of Bt cotton varieties［J］.Journal of Integrative Agriculture，2019，18（11）：2492⁃2504.

［21］蒋光华，周治国，陈兵林，等. 棉株生理年龄对纤维加厚发育及纤维比强度形成的影响［J］.中国农业科学，2006，39（2）：265⁃273.

JIANG G H，ZHOU Z G，CHEN B L，et al.Effect of cotton physiological age on the fiber thickening development and fiber strength formation［J］.Scientia Agricultura Sinica，2006，39（2）：265⁃273.

［22］ZHANG J，HAN Y C，LI Y B，et al. Inhibition of apical dominance affects boll spatial distribution，yield and fiber quality of field⁃grown cotton［J］.Industrial Crops and Products，2021，173：114098.

［23］LIANG F B，YANG C X，SUI L L，et al.Flumetralin and dimethyl piperidinium chloride alter light distribution in cotton canopies by optimizing the spatial configuration of leaves and bolls［J］.Journal of Integrative Agriculture，2020，19（7）：1777⁃1788.

［24］DJANAGUIRAMAN M，SHEEBA J A，DEVI D D，et al.Nitrophenolates spray can alter boll abscission rate in cotton through enhanced peroxidase activity and increased ascorbate and phenolics levels［J］.Journal of Plant Physiology，2010，167（1）：1⁃9.

［25］褚世海，李林，朱文达. 0. 01%芸苔素内酯水剂对水稻生长、产量和品质的影响［J］.湖北农业科学，2016，55（24）：6445⁃6448.

CHU S H，LI L，ZHU W D. Effect of 0.01% brassinolide AS on the growth，yield and quality of rice［J］.Hubei Agricultural Sciences，2016，55（24）：6445⁃6448.

［26］李如意.水稻化控剂配方筛选与壮秧机理研究［D］. 哈尔滨：东北农业大学，2020.

LI R Y. Study on the formulation screening of growth regulator and its mechanism of cultivating strong seedlings in rice［D］.Harbin：Northeast Agricultural University，2020.

［27］张欧，马强，刘娜，等. 苯肽胺酸对辣椒抗逆性及产量的影响［J］.农药学学报，2017，19（4）：449⁃456.

ZHANG O，MA Q，LIU N，et al. Effect of phthalanilic acid on stress resistance and yield of pepper［J］.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science，2017，19（4）：449⁃456.

［28］马春梅，吴雪琴，李江余，等. 外源调节剂组合喷施对化学打顶棉花的调控效应［J］.干旱地区农业研究，2021，39（5）：193⁃198.

MA C M，WU X Q，LI J Y，et al. Regulation effects of different combinations of exogenous substances on chemical topping cotton［J］.Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas，2021，39（5）：193⁃198.

［29］SHI F，WANG F Y，FU J H，et al. Nitrogen fertilizer combined with DPC+ chemical topping agent can improve cotton yield by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and improving the endogenous hormone balance［J］.Industrial Crops and Products，2023，201：116934.

［30］喻梓轩，刘新勇，张健，等. 生长素调控水稻生长发育的研究进展［J］.中国稻米，2024，30（1）：1⁃9.

YU Z X，LIU X Y，ZHANG J，et al. Research progress of auxin regulation on growth and development of rice ［J］. China Rice，2024，30（1）：1⁃9.

［31］ZHANG M，ZHENG X L，SONG S Q，et al.Spatiotemporal manipulation of auxin biosynthesis in cotton ovule epidermal cells enhances fiber yield and quality［J］. Nature Biotechnology，2011，29（5）：453⁃458.

［32］马亮，李飞，张金宝，等.不同陆地棉品种花芽分化与茎尖内源激素的关系［J］.江苏农业科学，2018，46（16）：71⁃75.
MA L，LI F，ZHANG J B，et al. Relationship between flower bud differentiation and shoot tip endogenous hormones of different upland cotton varieties［J］.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences，2018，46（16）：71⁃75.

［33］ SHI F，LI N N，KHAN A，et al. DPC can inhibit cotton apical dominance and increase seed yield by affecting apical part structure and hormone content［J］. Field Crops Research，2022，282：108509.

［34］朱晓琛，张汉马，南文斌. 脱落酸调控植物根系生长发育的研究进展［J］. 植物生理学报，2017，53（7）：1123⁃1130.

ZHU X C，ZHANG H M，NAN W B. Research progress on regulation of ABA in plant root development［J］.Plant Physiology Journal，2017，53（7）：1123⁃1130.
［35］李鹏兵.几种外源物质对棉花生长及产量形成影响的研究［D］.石河子：石河子大学，2020.
LI P B.Effects of several exogenous substances on cotton growth and yield formation［D］.Shihezi：Shihezi University，2020.
［36］王文浩，王丹，宋贤鹏，等. 植物生长调节剂复配对棉花生长及内源激素的影响［J］.农药学学报，2023，25（5）：1093⁃1103.
WANG W H，WANG D，SONG X P，et al.Effect of plant growth regulator compounding on growth and endogenous hormones in cotton［J］.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science，2023，25（5）：1093⁃1103.

[1]	LIU Jiaqi, ZOU Yiping, YIN Yawen, HAO Mingzhuo. Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on the Fruit Quality of Ilex verticillata [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(1): 128-135.
[2]	HU Haoran, DUAN Songjiang, ZHANG Chengjie, WU Yifan, ZHANG Jusong, GUO Rensong. Effects of Increasing Boll Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics，Autumn Boll Development and Yield of Chemically Capped Cotton [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(6): 49-57.
[3]	XU Xinlong, ZHANG Jusong, WANG Dong, DAI Jianmin, LI Xuerui, ZHAI Menghua, SUN Minghui. Effects of Different Planting Patterns and Nitrogen Fertilizer Ratios on Growth and Yield of Cotton [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(5): 70-79.
[4]	WU Gang, TIAN Yangqing, ZHAO Qiang, LI Xinxin, MUNIRE·Abudouuaini, WANG Wenqing, ZHANG Jiahao. Effects of Thidiazuron Compounded with Plant Growth Retardant on Cotton Growth，Development and Yield [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(4): 47-56.
[5]	REN Ruofei, ZHAO Qiang, WANG Ziran, XIE Jia, XU Kaiyue, MA Baihuan, SONG Xinghu, ZHAN Dongxia. Effect of Drip Application of Uniconazole Compound Promoter on the Growth，Development，Yield and Quality of Cotton [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(3): 68-77.
[6]	LI Dongya, BAT Tao, XIANG Huimin, DAI Shuo, WANG Zhenlu, CHEN Zhen. Recognition of Cotton Pests and Diseases Named Entities Based on RoBERTA Multi⁃feature Fusion [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(2): 152-161.
[7]	TANG Zhongjie, XIE Deyi, YU Yuebo, FANG Weiping, LU Fengyin. Evaluation of Inland Superior Cotton Resources and Their Application in Xinjiang Cotton Breeding [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(2): 37-45.
[8]	ZHU Yajing, ZHANG Xiangge, XU Xinran, HU Haiyan, CHENG Shan, CHEN Chen, LI Chunxin, SONG Wanxian, SONG Wenxu, WANG Huiwei. Establishment of Callus Induction and Regeneration System of Cyperus esculentus [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(10): 73-81.
[9]	XU Doudou, HE Yunxin, LI Fei, LIU Aiyu, ZHOU Zhonghua. Research Progress of Intercropping Patterns in Cotton Fields [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 52(6): 1-11.
[10]	CHENG Zhifang, SHI Yanyan, LI Li, HAN Ya’nan, DONG Xiaoyu, CHANG Xiaoke, YAO Qiuju. Influence Factors of Anther Culture and Ploidy Identification of Regenerated Plants in Pepper [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 52(11): 124-132.
[11]	LI Kan, XIE Zhangshu, YANG Dan, ZHANG Ning, XU Doudou, ZHOU Zhonghua, LIU Aiyu, TU Xiaoju. Effect of Different Seed Dressing Treatments on Germination and Seedling Growth and Development of Undelinted Cotton Seeds [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 52(10): 40-51.
[12]	LI Wenshan, ZHANG Junyao, WANG Jiayong, LI Yabing, XU Wenxiu, XU Qinghua, LOU Shanwei, TANG Jianghua. Effects of Different Dosages of AFD on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Boll Formation of Cotton [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 52(1): 53-60.
[13]	TIAN Yangqing, MA Chunmei, ZHAO Qiang, WU Xueqin, LI Jiangyu. Effects of Phthalamic Acid on Dry Matter Accumulation，Nutrient Absorption and Yield of Cotton [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 51(6): 67-75.
[14]	ZHAN Dongxia, KELAIMU Alimujiang, ZHAO Qiang, Yierdengbilike. Effect of Different Film‑uncovering Period on the Growth and Yield of Cotton in Northern Xinjiang [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 50(8): 36-43.
[15]	TANG Zhongjie, WANG Laigang, GUO Yan, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Hongli, YANG Xiuzhong, HE Jia. FPAR Estimation of Cotton Breeding Material Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle（UAV）Multispectral Images [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 50(11): 162-171.