Abstract: A micro⁃plot（2.25 m^²）experiment was conducted throughout the entire growth period of seed lotus（Taikonglian No. 36）to investigate the effects of major nutrients on yield and nutrient uptake.The experiment comprised seven treatments：balanced application of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron（BF）；nitrogen reduction（BF⁃N）；phosphorus reduction（BF⁃P）；potassium reduction（BF⁃K）；magnesium reduction（BF⁃Mg）；boron reduction（BF⁃B）；and a no⁃fertilizer control（CK）.The results indicated that under the BF treatment，the seed yield and total biological yield were 398.7 g/plant and 3 473.0 g/plant，respectively. The cumulative amounts of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron were 44.1，8.9，45.5，4.8，and 0. 044 g/plant，respectively. Compared with BF treatment，BF⁃N treatment significantly affected the growth of lotus seeds，reducing the single leaf area，petiole thickness，and leaf SPAD value（relative chlorophyll content）of lotus pods by 20.3% to 37.5%. Both BF⁃N and BF⁃K treatments significantly reduced the yield，biological total yield，and nutrient accumulation of lotus seeds，with BF⁃N treatment reducing 60.3%，70.0%，and 61.1% to73.9%，respectively，and BF⁃K treatment reducing 23.4%，37.7%，and 26.0% to 46.8%，respectively；The effects of BF⁃P，BF⁃Mg，and BF⁃B treatments on lotus yield were not significant，but they significantly reduced the biological total yield of lotus by 10. 0% to 13.9%. The accumulation of nitrogen，phosphorus，and potassium in BF⁃P treatment was significantly reduced by 12.2% to 18.0%，while the accumulation of various nutrients in BF⁃Mg treatment was significantly reduced by 11.9% to 19.7%.The boron accumulation in BF⁃B treatment decreased by as much as 51.5%.The effects of BF⁃P treatment on lotus magnesium and boron，and BF⁃B treatment on lotus nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，and magnesium accumulation were not significant.The contributions of effective receptacle count，average number of carples，average fruit set percentage and average single seed weight to yield were 66.7%，19.3%，3.1% and 10.9% respectively.Except for fruit setting rate，they all showed significantly positive correlation with lotus yield at the level of 0.05 or above.In summary，under the conditions of this experiment，the comprehensive effects of nitrogen，phosphorus，potassium，magnesium，and boron on the yield and nutrient absorption of lotus are as follows：nitrogen>potassium>magnesium>phosphorus>boron.The seasonal utilization rates of phosphorus and boron are relatively low.In practical production，it is necessary to optimize the application strategies of phosphorus and boron fertilizers.

Key words: Seed lotus；N, P, K, Mg and B fertilizer；Yield；Nutrient uptake

摘要： 以太空莲36号为供试材料开展全生育期微区（2.25  m^²）试验，试验设置氮、磷、钾、镁、硼肥配施（BF）、减氮（BF-N）、减磷（BF-P）、减钾（BF-K）、减镁（BF-Mg）、减硼（BF-B）、不施肥（CK）7个处理，研究氮、磷、钾、镁和硼等主要营养元素对子莲产量和养分吸收的影响。结果表明，BF处理子莲产量为398.7 g/株，生物学总产量为3 473.0 g/株，氮、磷、钾、镁和硼累积量分别为44.1、8.9、45.5、4.8、0.044 g/株。与BF处理相比，BF-N处理显著影响了子莲生长，其莲蓬并生叶单片叶面积、叶柄粗和叶片SPAD值（叶绿素相对含量）降低了20.3%~37.5%。BF-N和BF-K处理均显著降低了子莲产量、生物学总产量和养分累积量，其中BF-N 处理分别降低了60.3%、70.0% 和61.1%~73.9%，BF-K 处理分别降低了23.4%、37.7% 和26.0%~46.8%。BF-P、BF-Mg和BF-B处理对子莲产量影响不显著，但显著降低了子莲生物学总产量，降幅为10.0%~13.9%。BF-P处理的氮、磷、钾累积量显著降低，降幅12.2%~18.0%；BF-Mg处理显著降低了各养分累积量，降幅为11.9%~19.7%；BF-B处理子莲的硼累积量降幅高达51.5%。BF-P处理对子莲镁和硼累积量、BF-B处理对子莲氮、磷、钾和镁累积量的影响均不显著。产量构成因子有效莲蓬数、平均心皮数、平均结实率和平均单粒质量对产量的贡献分别为66.7%、19.3%、3.1%、10.9%，除结实率外，均与子莲产量在0.05及以下显著水平上正相关。综上，设置试验条件下，氮、磷、钾、镁、硼对子莲产量和养分吸收的综合影响为氮>钾>镁>磷>硼，磷和硼的当季利用率较低，在生产实际中，需优化磷肥和硼肥施用策略。

关键词: 子莲, 氮磷钾镁硼肥, 产量, 养分吸收