Effects of Plant Spacing and Seedling Number per Hill Configurations on Panicle Traits，Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.003

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of different plant spacing（10，15，20 cm）and seedling number per hill（2，4，6 seedlings/hill）configurations on tiller dynamics，panicle traits，yield and grain quality of japonica rice were studied.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to determine the optimal treatment using the TOPSIS method，so as to provide support for synergistic improvement of yield and quality in southern Henan Province.The results showed that the tiller number per hill and population tiller number increased with the increase of seedling number per hill；The tiller number per hill increased with the increase of plant spacing，but population tiller number decreased. The panicle length，primary branch number，secondary branch number and grain number of secondary branch increased with the decrease of seedling number per hill or increase of plant spacing. A opening‑downward quadratic parabolic relationship was observed between basic seedling number and yield. The T8 treatment（plant spacing of 15 cm with 6 seedlings/hill）had the highest yield（9.68 t/ha），followed by T4 treatment（plant spacing of 10 cm with 4 seedlings/hill），there was no significant difference between these two treatments.High yield was attributed to elevated effective panicle number and grain number per panicle.The plant spacing，seedling number per hill and their interaction significantly affected grain quality. With the increase of seedling number per hill，milling and appearance quality tended to deteriorate，but taste value generally enhanced；With the increase of plant spacing，processing and appearance quality improved，but taste value generally decreased. TOPSIS analysis identified T8 treatment as the optimal treatment，followed by T4 treatment. Overall，either plant spacing of 15 cm with 6 seedlings/hill or plant spacing of 10 cm with 4 seedlings/hill can achieve high yield and quality for japonica rice in southern Henan Province.

Key words: Japonica rice, Plant spacing, Seedling number per hill, Panicle traits, Yield, Quality

摘要： 研究不同株距（10、15、20 cm）与穴苗数（2、4、6苗/穴）配置对粳稻茎蘖动态、穗部性状、产量及稻米品质的影响，并基于TOPSIS法对各处理进行综合评价，以确定最优处理，为豫南地区实现水稻产量与品质协同提升提供支撑。结果表明，随着穴苗数增加，单穴茎蘖数和群体茎蘖数均增加，而随着株距增加，尽管单穴茎蘖数增加，但群体茎蘖数降低。穗长、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数以及二次枝梗粒数均随穴苗数的减少、株距的增加而增加。基本苗数与产量呈开口向下的二次抛物曲线关系，以株距15 cm、穴苗数6苗处理（T8）产量最高，达到9.68 t/hm²，其次为株距10 cm、穴苗数4苗处理（T4），二者差异不显著。高产主要得益于较高的有效穗数和穗粒数。株距、穴苗数及二者交互作用对稻米品质存在显著影响。随着穴苗数增加，籽粒加工品质和外观品质均有变劣趋势，但食味值总体上呈升高趋势；随着株距增加，加工品质和外观品质逐渐改善，但食味值总体上呈降低趋势。综合评价发现，T8处理最优，其次为T4 处理。综上，在豫南地区，粳稻栽培采用株距15 cm、6 苗/穴或株距10 cm、4 苗/穴，可实现优质高产。

关键词: 粳稻, 株距, 穴苗数, 穗部性状, 产量, 品质

CLC Number:

S511

LIU Qiuyuan, GONG Jingyang, WEI Yunfei, LI Meng, JI Xin, LIU Juan, FENG Fan, WANG Fujuan, LEI Zhenshan, SONG Xiaohua. Effects of Plant Spacing and Seedling Number per Hill Configurations on Panicle Traits，Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(7): 21-29.

刘秋员, 龚静阳, 卫云飞, 李猛, 季新, 刘娟, 冯凡, 王付娟, 雷振山, 宋晓华. 株距与穴苗数配置对粳稻穗部性状、产量及品质的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(7): 21-29.

Figures/Tables 7

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