Composition Analysis of Leaves and Latex of Euphorbia maculata L.Based on Non⁃Targeted Metabolomics

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.010

Abstract

Abstract: To compare the difference of active ingredients in the leaves and latex of Euphorbia maculata L.,relevant metabolite data were collected by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer(LC⁃MS),and the chemical ingredients of the leaves and latex of Euphorbia maculata L.were analyzed based on non⁃targeted metabolomics.Principal component analysis,multivariate statistical analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to identify differential metabolites.The pharmacological activities of major metabolites in leaves and latex were compared by literature search.The results showed that a total of 1 229 metabolites were identified in the leaves and latex of Euphorbia maculata L.,mainly includingalkaloids(217),phenylpropanoids and their derivatives(178),lipids(147),terpenes(137),flavonoids(113)and other compounds. 859 differential metabolites were screened through multivariate statistical analysis,of which 466 metabolites were highly expressed in latex.Among them,14 metabolites,including 3⁃dehydroshikimic acid(phenolic acid),sorbicacid(terpene),protocatechuic acid(phenolic acid),cinnamaldehyde(phenylpropanoid and its derivatives),hesperidin(flavonoid),ligustrolacton(terpene),α⁃asarone(phenylpropanoid and its derivatives),salicylic acid(phenolic acid),D⁃camphor(terpene),Linarin(flavonoid),trans⁃ferulic acid(phenylpropanoid and its derivatives),curcumin(phenolic acid),ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid(lipid),β⁃caryophyllene(terpene),etc.,were reported in Euphorbia maculata L.for the first time detected in latex.The expression levels of flavonoids in the leaves were significantly higher than those in the latex;The expression levels of ethyl gallate,ethyl protocatechuate and trans⁃ferulic acid in latex were significantly higher than those in leaves,with trans⁃ferulic acid expressing 57.74 times more in latex than in leaves.In conclusionthere is a significant difference in the metabolite content between the leaves and the latex of Euphorbia maculata L.

Key words: Euphorbia maculata L., Euphorbiae humifusae Herba, Leaf, Latex, Metabolome, Active
ingredient

摘要： 为比较斑地锦（Euphorbia maculata L.）叶片和乳汁所含活性成分的差异，通过液相色谱-质谱联用仪（LC-MS）进行相关代谢物数据采集，基于非靶向代谢组学对斑地锦叶片和乳汁的化学成分进行分析，采用主成分分析、多元统计分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析相结合的方法鉴定差异代谢物，通过文献检索归纳比较叶片和乳汁主要差异代谢物的药理活性。结果表明，在斑地锦叶片和乳汁中共鉴定出1 229种代谢物，主要为生物碱（217种）、苯丙素及其衍生物类（178种）、脂类（147种）、萜类（137种），黄酮类（113种）等化合物。通过多元统计分析筛选出859种差异代谢物，有466种代谢物在乳汁中高表达，其中3-脱氢莽草酸（酚酸类）、山梨酸（萜类）、原儿茶酸（酚酸类）、肉桂醛（苯丙素及其衍生物类）、橙皮苷（黄酮类）、川芎内酯（萜类）、α-细辛脑（苯丙素及其衍生物类）、水杨酸（酚酸类）、D-樟脑（萜类）、蒙花苷（黄酮类）、反式阿魏酸（苯丙素及其衍生物类）、姜黄素（酚酸类）、二十碳五烯酸乙酯（脂类）、β-石竹烯（萜类）等14种代谢物首次在斑地锦中被报道。斑地锦黄酮类活性成分在叶片中的表达量均明显高于乳汁；没食子酸乙酯、原儿茶酸乙酯、反式阿魏酸在乳汁中的表达量均明显高于叶片，其中反式阿魏酸在乳汁中的表达量为叶片的57.74倍。综上，斑地锦叶片和乳汁中代谢物成分和含量具有显著差异。

关键词: 斑地锦, 地锦草, 叶片, 乳汁, 代谢组, 活性成分

CLC Number:

S131
R932

MA Liang, ZHOU Yan, GAO Qi, HUANG Yong, XIA Zhi, LI Hemin. Composition Analysis of Leaves and Latex of Euphorbia maculata L.Based on Non⁃Targeted Metabolomics[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 53(10): 82-95.

马良, 周艳, 高起, 黄勇, 夏至, 李贺敏. 基于非靶向代谢组学的斑地锦叶片和乳汁成分分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2024, 53(10): 82-95.

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