Abstract: 43 cultivated strains and 11 wild strains of Pleurotus ostreatus were used as materials,by adopting copulative methods of antagonistic test and ITS sequence analysis,the genetic diversity of the tested strains were analyzed.The results showed that the antagonistic test results were significantly different among the strains with larger color differences,so the 54 strains were divided into 32 different strains by antagonistic method.According to the results of ITS sequence analysis and constructed phylogenetic tree,they were grouped into two categories,and the two categories had relatively distant genetic relation and independent evolution,as a result,they were identified as 36 strains.The antagonistic test results were basically consistent with ITS sequence analysis,except for the antagonistic group Ⅵ—Ⅸ.Above all,the combination of antagonistic test and ITS sequence analysis method can be used as a means of strain identification.

Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus, Germplasm resources, Antagonistic test, ITS sequence analysis, Genetic diversity

摘要： 以43个平菇栽培菌株和11个野生菌株为材料，通过子实体颜色差异初步分类，采用拮抗法和ITS序列分析相结合的方法，对供试菌株的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明，颜色差异较大的菌株，拮抗试验差异显著；通过拮抗法将54个菌株分为32个差异菌株；通过ITS序列分析并构建系统发育树将54个菌株聚为2个大类，2个大类遗传关系相对较远、独立进化，最终将54个菌株鉴定为36个差异菌株；拮抗试验结果与ITS序列分析结果基本一致，但第Ⅵ—Ⅸ组有较大差异。因此，拮抗试验结合ITS序列分析法可作为菌种鉴定的一个手段。

关键词: 平菇； 种质资源, 拮抗试验； ITS序列分析, 遗传多样性