关键词: 花生, 遮荫, 合成能力, 茎秆组织结构, 荚果发育

Abstract: To evaluate the shade tolerance of different peanut cultivars and explore the impact of shading on source⁃sink⁃translocation characteristics，seven commonly cultivated peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.）varieties were selected to investigate their photosynthetic capacity，stem anatomical structure，reproductive development，and yield components under both normal light and shading conditions.The results showed that shading significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate and SPAD chlorophyll values，indicating a decline in assimilate synthesis capacity. In terms of transport traits，shading decreased the number of vascular bundles and xylem vessels by 9.52% and 30.10%，respectively.Reproductive development was also affected. The maximal flowering accumulation rate of Kaifeng 49，Yuhua 31，and Huayu 20 decreased by over 40%，while Puhua 28，Yuhua 22，and Yuhua 23 experienced declines of around 25%. Theoretical maximum flower number decreased by more than 50% in Kaifeng 49 and Yuhua 31，and by 12.48% and 15.86% in Yuhua 23 and Yuhua 22，respectively.While shading had little effect on the peak pod⁃filling rate，it delayed the time to reach this rate by an average of 5 days and shortened the duration of rapid accumulation by 6 days. Yield performance varied across cultivars：under shading，Yuhua 22 and Yuhua 23 showed relatively higher yields，with Yuhua 23 producing 1.33 times and 1.67 times more than Huayu 20 and Puhua 28，respectively.These findings suggest that Yuhua 22 and Yuhua 23 are suitable for shaded environments，with management strategies focused on enhancing photosynthesis. In contrast，Huayu 20 requires agronomic interventions that promote flowering and regulate assimilate translocation under shade.

Key words: Peanut, Shade, Synthesis ability, Stem tissue structure, Pod development