河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 64-73.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.05.009

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

河南省花生白绢病菌群体多样性及对萎锈灵敏感性研究

李敏1,李爽1,张忠信2,杜鹏强1,周琳1,董文召2   

  1. (1.河南农业大学 植物保护学院/河南省新型农药创制与应用重点实验室/河南省绿色农药创制工程技术研究中心,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南省作物分子育种研究院/河南省农业科学院 经济作物研究所,河南 郑州 450002)
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-23 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 周琳(1971-),女,河南南阳人,教授,博士,主要从事生物农药与农药毒理学研究。E-mail:zhoulinhenau@163.com 董文召(1967-),男,河南渑池人,研究员,主要从事花生遗传育种研究。E-mail:dongwzh@126.com
  • 作者简介:李敏(1994-),男,山西大同人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:农药毒理学。E-mail:15934020974@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省花生产业技术体系项目(S2012-05);国家自然科学基金项目(31371962)

Sensitivity to Carboxin and Population Diversity of Sclerotium rolfsii from Peanut in Henan Province

LI Min1,LI Shuang1,ZHANG Zhongxin2,DU Pengqiang1,ZHOU Lin1,DONG Wenzhao2   

  1. (1.College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University/Creation and Application Key Laboratory of Novel Pesticides
    of Henan Province/Henan Technology and Engineering Center of Green-pesticide,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Henan Academy of Crops Molecular Breeding/ Industrial Crops Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2020-12-23 Published:2021-05-15 Online:2021-05-15

摘要: 花生白绢病是由齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)引起的土传真菌病害,目前已成为花生生产的主要限制因子。为了解河南省花生白绢病菌群体多样性及其对常用防治药剂萎锈灵的敏感性,采用五点取样法,调查了河南省南阳、驻马店、商丘、郑州、新乡5个花生主产区花生白绢病的发生率,在室内离体条件下分析了采自5个主产区的28株花生白绢病菌株的形态学特征和菌丝亲和群(MCG),并采用菌丝生长速率抑制法测定了这些菌株对萎锈灵的敏感性。结果表明,河南省南阳、驻马店、商丘、郑州和新乡花生白绢病的发病率为3.6%~50.4%;28株花生白绢病菌株在菌落形态、菌丝生长速率和菌核在PDA平板上的分布及菌核的数量、干质量、直径上均存在差异,且菌株的菌核数量、干质量和直径三者之间存在显著相关性;28株菌株被划分为5个MCG,最大的MCG1包含来自4个主产区的15株菌株,除商丘外,其他主产区出现的MCG与菌株的地理来源无相关性;28株菌株的香农-威纳多样性指数(H)为1.13。28株菌株对萎锈灵均表现为敏感,EC50平均值为0.182 8 mg/L,且不同主产区菌株对萎锈灵的敏感性均无显著差异。该研究表明,河南省花生白绢病菌群体具有相对较低的多样性,萎锈灵可作为防治花生白绢病的有效药剂。

关键词: 花生白绢病, 齐整小核菌, 群体多样性, 萎锈灵, 敏感性

Abstract: Southern blight of peanut is a soilborne fungal disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.It has become the main limiting factor in peanut production.In order to understand the diversity of the population of Sclerotium rolfsii on peanut in Henan Province and its sensitivity to carboxin, one of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) fungicides,the incidence of southern blight of peanut was investigated in Nanyang,Zhumadian,Shangqiu,Zhengzhou and Xinxiang areas of Henan Province with five-point sampling method,the morphological characteristics and mycelium compatibility groups (MCG) of 28 Sclerotium rolfsii isolates from 5 regions in Henan Province were analyzed in vitro, and their sensitivities to carboxin were determined by measuring the mycelial growth on the fungicide amended media.The results showed that the incidence of southern blight of peanut caused by S.rolfsii ranged from 3.6% to 50.4% in Nanyang,Zhumadian,Shangqiu,Zhengzhou and Xinxiang areas of Henan Province.28 isolates exhibited differences in colony morphology, the growth rate of mycelium, the distribution of sclerotia on the PDA plate, the number of sclerotia, the dry weight of sclerotia and the diameter of sclerotia,and there was significant correlation among the number of sclerotia,the dry weight of sclerotia and the diameter of sclerotia.In addition,28 isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii were assigned into 5 MCGs,and MCG1 was the largest group,consisting of 15 isolates from 4 regions. Except Shangqiu area,there was no correlation between MCGs and geographical origin of isolates in other areas,and 28 isolates had Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H) of 1.13.All the 28 isolates were sensitive to carboxin,and the average EC50 was 0.182 8 mg/L.There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of the isolates from different regions to carboxin.The results show that the population of Sclerotium rolfsii on peanut in Henan Province has the low level of diversity,and carboxin could be used as an effective fungicide to control the disease.

Key words: Southern blight of peanut, Sclerotium rolfsii, Population diversity, Carboxin, Sensitivity

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