外加碳磷对黔中黄壤微生物群落特征及构建过程的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.07.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究外加碳磷对土壤微生物群落特征及构建过程的影响，以葡萄糖作为外加碳源物质，同时以磷酸二氢钾作为磷源，设置空白（CK）、碳添加（C）、磷添加（P）、碳磷添加（CP）等4个处理，以黔中黄壤为试验土壤，通过盆栽油菜试验研究碳磷添加对土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构及群落构建的影响。结果表明，C、P和CP处理土壤全氮含量分别比CK处理显著提高7.82%、6.17%、6.17%，3个处理之间差异不显著；C、P和CP处理土壤碱解氮含量提高，但与对照差异均不显著；C和P处理土壤硝态氮含量均显著高于CK和CP处理；CP处理土壤pH值和铵态氮含量均显著高于其他处理。不同处理油菜鲜质量大小依次为CP>C>P>CK。外加碳磷细菌变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）的相对丰度降低，绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）相对丰度提高；外加碳磷促进了真菌子囊菌门（Ascomycota）的生长。外加碳磷对细菌和真菌群落α多样性影响较小，曼特尔检验（Mantel test）表明土壤铵态氮、有机质、速效钾含量等指标在P<0.001显著水平上对细菌群落β多样性产生影响；土壤铵态氮、全磷含量等指标在P<0.01显著水平上对真菌群落β多样性产生影响。细菌网络连通平稳度大小依次为P>C>CP>CK，真菌网络连通平稳度大小依次为C>P>CK>CP。各处理细菌和真菌群落构建过程均以随机性过程占主导，铵态氮含量与细菌和真菌βNTI（β-nearest taxon index）值均在P<0.001显著水平上相关，pH值、有机质含量与细菌βNTI值均在P<0.05及以上显著水平上相关，与真菌βNTI值在P<0.001显著水平上相关。综上所述，外加碳磷对土壤理化性质（铵态氮等）产生影响，进而改变微生物群落β多样性和群落构建过程。

关键词: 黄壤, 微生物群落, 群落构建, 碳磷添加, 响应

Abstract: To investigate the effects of external carbon and phosphorus on the characteristics and construction process of soil microbial communities，glucose was used as the exogenous carbon source material，and potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used as the phosphorus source. Four treatments were set up，including control（CK），carbon addition（C），phosphorus addition（P），and carbon phosphorus addition（CP）.Using yellow soil from central Guizhou as the experimental soil，a pot experiment with oilseed rape was conducted to investigate the effects of carbon and phosphorus addition on soil physicochemical properties，microbial community structure，and community assembly.The results showed that the total nitrogen content of the C，P，and CP treatments increased significantly by 7.82%，6.17%，and 6.17%，respectively，compared to the CK treatment，with no significant difference among the three treatments.The content of soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in C，P and CP treatments increased，but there was no significant difference compared with the control.The soil nitrate nitrogen content in C and P treatments was significantly higher than that in CK and CP treatments.The soil pH value and ammonium nitrogen content in CP treatment were significantly higher than those in other treatments.The oilseed rape yields of the treatments were in the order of CP>C>P>CK.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria decreased，while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadetes increased.The addition of carbon and phosphorus promoted the growth of Ascomycota.The addition of carbon and phosphorus had little effect on the α diversity of bacterial and fungal communities.The Mantel test showed that indicators such as soil ammonium nitrogen，organic matter，and available potassium content had a significant impact on bacterial community beta diversity at the P<0.001 level；The indicators of soil ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus content had a significant impact on the β diversity of fungal communities at the P<0.01 level.The order of smoothness of bacterial network connectivity was P>C>CP>CK，while the order of smoothness of fungal network connectivity was C>P>CK>CP.The construction process of bacterial and fungal communities in each treatment was dominated by stochastic processes.The content of ammonium nitrogen was significantly correlated with bacterial and fungal βNTI values at the P<0.001 level，while pH value and soil organic matter were significantly correlated with bacterial βNTI values（P<0.05 or more significan）and fungal βNTI values at the P<0. 001 level. In summary，the addition of carbon and phosphorus has an impact on soil physical and chemical properties（such as ammonium nitrogen），thereby altering microbial community β diversity and community construction processes.

Key words: Yellow soil, Microbial community, Community assembly, Carbon and phosphorus addition, Response

中图分类号:

S154.3

秦仕华, 从春蕾, 闫茹, 刘超, 宋晓慧, 乔志伟. 外加碳磷对黔中黄壤微生物群落特征及构建过程的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(7): 84-97.

QIN Shihua, CONG Chunlei, YAN Ru, LIU Chao, SONG Xiaohui, QIAO Zhiwei. Effects of Carbon and Phosphorus Addition on the Characteristics and Construction Process of Microbial Communities in the Yellow Soil of Central Guizhou[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(7): 84-97.

图/表 10

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