河南农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (5): 124-129.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.05.014

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

杏鲍菇固定化菌种在栽培生产中的应用效果

周婷婷1,蒋冉1,朱浩然1,马桂珍2   

  1. (1.南京医科大学 康达学院,江苏 连云港 222000;2.江苏海洋大学,江苏 连云港 222005)
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 马桂珍(1963-),女,河北唐山人,教授,博士,主要从事有益微生物开发与利用工作。E-mail:guizhenma@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:周婷婷(1989-),女,江苏连云港人,实验师,硕士,主要从事食用菌液体菌种制备与栽培技术研究。E-mail:tingzhou7@njmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    南京医科大学科技发展基金项目(NMUB20230276);南京医科大学康达学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202413980015Y,202413980YJ19)

The Application Effect of Immobilized Mushroom Strains of Pleurotus eryngii in Cultivation Production

ZHOU Tingting1,JIANG Ran1,ZHU Haoran1,MA Guizhen2   

  1. (1.Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang 222000,China;2.Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China)
  • Received:2024-11-18 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-06-10

摘要: 前期研究表明,固定化菌种在20 ℃和4 ℃条件下保藏30 d仍具有较高的生物活性。为验证固定化菌种在生产实践中的应用效果,将不同保藏时间的固定化菌种接种到杏鲍菇栽培袋中,以新鲜液体菌种为对照,测定不同保藏时间的杏鲍菇菌丝生长速度、菌丝满袋时间、栽培袋污染率、每栽培袋总产量,计算生物学效率和商品率,并测定灰分、蛋白质、脂肪等营养成分含量。结果表明,接种在20 ℃和4 ℃条件下保藏30 d的固定化菌种栽培袋的子实体形态、菌盖直径、菌柄直径、菌柄长度等指标均与液体菌种对照无显著差异;随着保藏时间增加,菌丝满袋时间缓慢增加,菌丝生长速度逐渐变慢;栽培袋污染率受保藏时间及温度影响较小;栽培袋总产量均高于561.00 g/袋,生物学效率均高于122.00%,商品率均超过82.00%,达到了生产要求;杏鲍菇子实体的灰分、蛋白质、脂肪等营养成分与对照均无显著差异。因此,保藏30 d的固定化菌种可用于杏鲍菇栽培生产。

关键词: 杏鲍菇, 液体菌种, 固定化, 栽培, 生物学效率

Abstract: The preliminary research indicated that immobilized strains could still maintain high biological activity after storage at 20 ℃ and 4 ℃ for 30 days.In order to verify the application effect of immobilized strains in production practice,immobilized strains of different storage time were inoculated into Pleurotus eryngii cultivation bags,with fresh liquid strains as the control.The growth rate of Pleurotus eryngii mycelium,the time of mycelium filling bag,the contamination rate of cultivation bag,the total yield per cultivation bag at different storage periods were measured,and the biological efficiency and commodity rate were calculated.Nutrients such as ash,protein and fat were analyzed.The results indicated that the fruiting body morphology,cap diameter,stem diameter,and stem length of the cultivation bags inoculated with immobilized strains stored for 30 days at 20℃ and 4℃ showed no significant differences compared to the control.With the increase of storage time,the filling time of mycelium slowly increased,and the growth rate of mycelium gradually slowed down.The contamination rate of the bag was less affected by storage time and temperature.The total yield per cultivation bag was higher than 561.00 g/bag,the biological efficiency was higher than 122.00%,and the commodity rate exceeded 82.00%,meeting the production requirements. In addition,there were no significant differences in ash,protein,fat and other nutrients in the fruit body of Pleurotus eryngii.Therefore,the immobilized strains stored for 30 days can be used in the cultivation and production of Pleurotus eryngii,providing a feasible technical solution to the storage and transportation challenges of Pleurotus eryngii strains.

Key words: Pleurotus eryngii, Liquid strain, Immobilization, Cultivation, Biological efficiency

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