不同隔根方式间作对白菜土壤养分、胞外酶及其化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.03.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究白菜大蒜间作下土壤养分含量和与土壤碳、氮、磷循环相关的胞外酶活性及其化学计量变化特征，为白菜高效生产和土地可持续利用提供科学依据和理论支持。以春秋帝王白菜和肇州白蒜为试验材料，分别设置白菜单作（CK）、白菜大蒜塑料膜隔根间作（SM）、白菜大蒜尼龙网隔根间作（NW）、白菜大蒜不分隔间作（BF），测定土壤的养分性质和β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）、β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、L-亮氨酸氨基肽酶（LAP）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）4种胞外酶活性及其化学计量比，并计算矢量长度和角度用于指示微生物的资源限制情况。结果表明，与CK相比，BF处理能够提高土壤有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）和速效磷（AP）含量，分别提高10.51%~21.21%、24.51%~266.07%、35.71%~102.86%和18.88%~154.17%，间作能够改善土壤养分情况，提高土壤肥力。与CK相比，NW和BF处理能够显著提高NAG和ALP活性，NAG活性分别提高17.54%~104.58%和48.04%~159.05%，ALP活性分别提高9.60%~31.55%和20.67%~48.32%。通过计算酶化学计量比，与NW和BF处理相比，CK和SM处理矢量长度和角度显著增加，盆栽土壤主要受微生物碳磷共同限制。与CK相比，NW和BF处理下碳磷限制程度减缓。单一作物种植易使土壤微生物面临的碳、磷限制加剧；不分隔间作能够提高土壤养分有效性，增加土壤ALP活性，有效缓解微生物资源限制。

关键词: 白菜, 间作, 土壤养分, 胞外酶活性, 计量特征

Abstract: This study investigated the soil nutrient content and extracellular enzyme activities related to soil carbon，nitrogen and phosphorus cycles and their stoichiometric change characteristics under Chinese cabbage and garlic intercropping，so as to provide scientific basis and theoretical support for efficient Chinese cabbage production and sustainable land use. Spring and Autumn Imperial cabbage and Zhaozhou white garlic were used as experimental materials，and four treatments were set up including Chinese cabbage monoculture（CK），Chinese cabbage and garlic plastic film root⁃separated intercropping（SM），Chinese cabbage and garlic nylon net root⁃separated intercropping（NW），and Chinese cabbage and garlic non⁃separated intercropping（BF），to determine the nutrient nature of the soil and the four kinds of extracellular enzyme activities and their stoichiometric ratios，and to calculate the lengths and angles of vectors used for the indication of the resource limitation of microorganisms.The results showed that，compared with CK treatment，BF treatment was able to increase soil organic carbon（SOC），total nitrogen（TN），total phosphorus（TP）and quick⁃acting phosphorus（AP）contents by 10. 51% to 21.21%，24.51% to 266.07%，35.71% to 102.86%，and 18. 88% to 154.17%，respectively，and intercropping was able to improve soil nutrient profiles and soil fertility. Compared with CK treatment，NW and BF treatments were able to significantly increase NAG and ALP activities，with NAG enzyme activities increased by 17.54% to 104.58% and 48.04% to 159.05%，respectively，and ALP enzyme activities increased by 9.60% to 31.55% and 20.67% to 48.32%.By calculating enzyme stoichiometric ratios，it was found that CK and SM treatments significantly increased vector length（VL） and angle（VA）compared with NW and BF，and potting soils were mainly limited by microbial carbon and phosphorus.The degree of carbon and phosphorus limitation was slowed down under NW and BF treatments compared to CK treatment. The carbon and phosphorus limitations faced by soil microorganisms are easily exacerbated by monocropping；Chinese cabbage and garlic non⁃separated intercropping can improve soil nutrient effectiveness，increase soil alkaline phosphatase content，and effectively alleviate microbial resource limitations.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, Intercropping, Soil nutrient, Extracellular enzyme activity, Metrological characteristic

中图分类号:

S634

孙欣莹, 范博文, 赵立琴, 刘俊彩, 董子铭, 杨凤军. 不同隔根方式间作对白菜土壤养分、胞外酶及其化学计量特征的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(3): 110-119.

SUN Xinying, FAN Bowen, ZHAO Liqin, LIU Juncai, DONG Ziming, YANG Fengjun. Influence of Intercropping with Different Root Segregation on Soil Nutrients，Extracellular Enzymes and Their Stoichiometric Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(3): 110-119.

图/表 6

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