河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 73-85.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.008

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

豫西南丘陵区植烟土壤养分时空变异特征及肥力评价

李倩1,贾晓果1,李亮2,张翔2,程玉渊1,李鹏1   

  1. (1.河南省烟草公司南阳市公司,河南 南阳 473000;2.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南 郑州 450002)
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-23 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 李亮(1982-),女,甘肃通渭人,副研究员,博士,主要从事烟草施肥研究。E-mail:joyce121@163.com
  • 作者简介:李倩(1987-),女,河南郑州人,农艺师,博士,主要从事植物营养与烟草栽培研究。E-mail:qianqingzi87@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省烟草公司重点科技项目(2021410000240020);中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202101047(LS-07)]

Spatial‑Temporal Variability of Nutrients and Assessment of Fertility in Tobacco‑Planting Soil in Hilly Areas of Southwest Henan

LI Qian1,JIA Xiaoguo1,LI Liang2,ZHANG Xiang2,CHENG Yuyuan1,LI Peng1   

  1. (1.Nanyang Prefecture Branch of Henan Tobacco Company,Nanyang 473000,China;2.Institute of Plant Nutrient,Resources and Environment,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2022-10-23 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2023-03-08

摘要: 为明确豫西南丘陵区植烟土壤养分时空变化特征,选取内乡县2002、2020年植烟土壤数据,运用地统计学和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,分析土壤养分时空变异特征及空间分布格局,并采用模糊数学模型对土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明,18 a来,内乡县植烟土壤pH值平均值由7.74降至6.59,下降了1.15,速效钾和水溶性氯平均含量分别降低了7.31%、34.29%,有机质、碱解氮和有效磷平均含量分别增加了21.00%、109.77%、20.77%;土壤肥力指数由0.54提升至0.61,土壤肥力以Ⅲ级为主提升至以Ⅱ级为主;土壤pH值、碱解氮和水溶性氯含量空间变异较大,其中土壤pH值和水溶性氯含量偏高的植烟面积占比分别下降了79.14、16.84个百分点,碱解氮含量中等及以上植烟面积占比增加了97.46个百分点。2020年全县土壤肥力等级以良好为主,且相同等级区域呈集中分布,65.51%植烟区域碱解氮含量偏高,83.16%的植烟区域水溶性氯含量偏高,表明该研究区长期科学管理有效提高了植烟土壤肥力,但仍需因地制宜采取控氮、降氯措施,进一步提升植烟土壤肥力。

关键词: 豫西南, 丘陵区, 烟草, 土壤养分, 时空变异, 土壤肥力评价

Abstract: To clarify the spatial‑temporal variation characteristics of tobacco‑planting soil nutrients in hilly areas of southwest Henan under long‑term field management,the data of tobacco‑planting soil in Neixiang County in 2002 and 2020 were selected as the study object.The spatial‑temporal variation characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of soil nutrients were analyzed by using geostatistics and geographic information system(GIS)techniques.A fuzzy mathematical model was used to comprehensively assess the soil fertility.The results showed that the average pH value of tobacco‑planting soil in Neixiang County decreased by 1.15 from 7.74 to 6.59 over the past 18 years,the average contents of available potassium and water soluble chloride decreased by 7.31% and 34.29%,and the average contents of organic matter,alkali‑hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorous increased by 21.00%,109.77% and 20.77%,respectively.The soil fertility index increased from 0.54 to 0.61,mostly upgrading from grade Ⅲ to grade Ⅱ .Soil pH value,alkali‑hydrolyzable nitrogen and water soluble chlorine content showed significant spatial variation characteristics. Among them,the proportion of tobacco‑planting area with higher pH value and water soluble chlorine content decreased by 79.14 and 16.84 percentage points respectively,and the proportion of tobacco‑planting area with medium and above alkali‑hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased by 97.46 percentage points. The county‑wide soil fertility was mainly good in 2020,and the areas with the same grade were concentrated,with 65.51% and 83.16% of tobacco‑planting areas having higher alkali‑hydrolyzable nitrogen and water soluble chloride content,respectively,indicating that the long‑term scientific management effectively improved the fertility of tobacco‑planting soil in the study area,but there was still a need to further improve the fertility of tobacco‑planting soil by taking site‑specific measures to control nitrogen and reduce chlorine.

Key words: Southwest Henan, Hilly area, Tobacco, Soil nutrient, Spatial?temporal variability, Assessment of soil fertility

中图分类号: