2021—2022 年河南省良凤花种鸡禽白血病病毒感染状况和流行特征

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.02.016

河南农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 138-144.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.02.016

2021—2022 年河南省良凤花种鸡禽白血病病毒感染状况和流行特征

王汝都¹，邓祖丽颖²，乔宏兴³，张菡³，边传周³，罗俊⁴，彭志锋³

（1.河南农业职业学院牧业工程学院，河南郑州 451450；2.郑州幼儿师范高等专科学校，河南郑州 450002；3.河南牧业经济学院动物医药学院，河南郑州 450046；4.河南省农业科学院动物疫病防控研究所/中英禽病国际研究中心，河南郑州450002）

收稿日期:2024-01-26 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-04-07
通讯作者: 罗俊（1978-），男，河南信阳人，研究员，博士，主要从事家禽重要免疫抑制病与肿瘤病流行病学、致病机制及防控技术研究。E-mail：luojun593@aliyun.com 彭志锋（1982-），男，河南太康人，副教授，博士，主要从事畜禽新发与再发传染病流行病学及防控技术研究。E-mail：zfpeng2006@126.com
作者简介:王汝都（1981-），男，河南汝阳人，副教授，博士，主要从事动物传染病的预防与净化研究。E-mail：rudu001@126.com
基金资助:
河南省自然科学基金项目（232300421009）；河南省高校重点研发项目（23B230010）；河南牧业经济学院预防兽医重点学科项目（XJK202202）；河南省重点研发专项（241111113400）；河南农业职业学院校级科研创新团队项目（ZZ2405TD03）

Infection Status and Epidemic Characteristics of Avain Leukosis Virus in Liangfenghua Breeding Chicken in Henan Province from 2021 to 2022

WANG Rudu¹，DENG Zuliying²，QIAO Hongxing³，ZHANG Han³，BIAN Chuanzhou³，LUO Jun⁴，PENG Zhifeng³

（1.Animal Husbandry Engineering College，Henan Vocational College of Agriculture，Zhengzhou 451450，China；2.Zhengzhou Preschool Education College，Zhengzhou 450002，China；3.College of Veterinary Medicine，Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy，Zhengzhou 450046，China；4.Institute for Animal Health，Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/UK⁃China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases，Zhengzhou 450002，China）

Received:2024-01-26 Published:2025-02-15 Online:2025-04-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用ELISA方法对2021—2022年采自河南省6个市（漯河、驻马店、南阳、新乡、安阳、商丘市）良凤花种鸡的1 342份精液、1 611份泄殖腔拭子、8 187份种蛋和284份胎粪进行ALV-p27（禽白血病病毒-p27）抗原检测，512份母鸡血清进行ALV-A/B和ALV-J亚群抗体检测，利用DF-1细胞从雏鸡胎粪中分离ALV，采用PCR扩增分离毒株的gp85 基因，并将基因序列与ALV-J亚群不同毒株进行比对和遗传进化分析，为河南省良凤花种鸡禽白血病的防控与净化提供数据支撑。结果表明，精液、泄殖腔拭子、种蛋、胎粪样品中ALV-p27抗原阳性率分别为13.11%（176/1 342）、7.70%（124/1 611）、2.39%（196/8 187）、2.81%（8/284）；母鸡血清样品中ALV-A/B 和ALV-J 抗体阳性率分别为16.60%（85/512）和15.23%（78/512）；而且，河南省6个市良凤花种鸡群ALV阳性率差别不大，其中，安阳市最高（4.90%，82/1 675），商丘市最低（3.56%，64/1 798），这表明河南省不同市良凤花种鸡群均有外源性ALV的感染。母鸡泄殖腔拭子、同期所产种蛋、相应雏鸡胎粪的ALV-p27抗原阳性率分别是4.00%（4/100）、1.08%（1/92）、1.15%（1/87），提示雏鸡感染ALV是由垂直传播和水平传播共同造成的，根据种蛋ALV感染情况评估种鸡群中ALV 的垂直传播更客观。分离到1 株ALV-J 毒株HN2022，与参考毒株HLJ09MDJ-1、HuB09-1、SX090912J、CAUHM01和HPRS103在同一进化分支。ALV-J亚群不同毒株gp85 基因核苷酸序列同源性和编码氨基酸序列同源性分别为92.7%~97.8%和88.6%~91.8%。gp85 基因编码氨基酸序列同源性比对结果显示，分离毒株gp85 基因编码氨基酸的变异主要发生在序列高频率变异区Hr 1和Hr 2。综上，试验结果不仅表明河南省良凤花种鸡群中ALV感染比较普遍，而且丰富了ALV遗传变异特性数据，为后续该病毒的研究和该品种鸡禽白血病的净化提供了数据支撑。

关键词: 良凤花种鸡, 禽白血病病毒, p27抗原, 病毒分离, 流行现状

Abstract: In order to explore the infection status and epidemic characteristics of avian leukosis virus（ALV）in Liangfenghua breeding chicken in Henan Province，ALV⁃p27 antigen was detected in 1 342 semen，1 611 cloacal swabs，8 187 eggs and 284 meconium collected from six cities of Henan Province in 2021—2022 by ELISA method. Meanwhile，512 hen serum samples were detected for ALV⁃A/B and ALV⁃J antibodies by ELISA method，and ALV was isolated from meconium by DF⁃1 cells.The gp85 gene fragment of the isolated strain was amplified by polymerase chain reaction（PCR）and sequenced.The gene sequences were compared with different strains of ALV⁃J，and the genetic evolution was analyzed.The results showed that the positive rates of ALV⁃p27 antigen were 13.11%（176/1 342），7.70%（124/1 611），2.39%（196/8 187） and 2. 81%（8/284） in semen，cloacal swabs，eggs and meconium，respectively. The positive rates of ALV⁃A/B and ALV⁃J subgroups were 16.60%（85/512）and 15.23%（78/512）in hen serum，respectively.In addition，there was no obviously difference in the positive rate of ALV in Liangfenghua breeding chicken in six cities in Henan Province，among which Anyang City was the highest（4.90%，82/1 675），the lowest level was found in Shangqiu City（3.56%，64/1 798），indicating that ALV infection was found in Liangfenghua breeding chicken in different areas of Henan Province.The positive rates of ALV⁃p27 were 4.00%（4/100）in cloacal swabs，1.08%（1/92）in eggs and 1.15%（1/87）in meconium，suggesting that ALV infection was caused by both vertical and horizontal transmission，and it was more objective to evaluate the vertical transmission of ALV in breeder flocks based on ALV infection in breeding eggs.An ALV⁃J strain HN2022 was isolated，which was in the same evolutionary branch as reference strains HLJ09MDJ⁃1，HuB09⁃1，SX090912J，CAUHM01 and HPRS103.The nucleotide homology and amino acid homology of gp85 gene of different strains of ALV⁃J were 92.7%—97.8% and 88.6%—91.8%，respectively.The results of homology comparison of amino acids encoded by gp85 gene showed that the variation of amino acids encoded by gp85 gene mainly occurred in the high⁃frequency variation regions of sequence Hr 1 and Hr 2.The results not only showed that ALV infection was common in Liangfenghua breeding chicken in Henan Province，but also enriched the data of genetic variation characteristics of ALV，which provided data support for the subsequent study of the virus and the purification of avian leukemia in this chick.

Key words: Liangfenghua breeding chicken, Avain leukosis virus, p27 antigen, Virus isolation, Epidemic status

中图分类号:

S858.31

王汝都, 邓祖丽颖, 乔宏兴, 张菡, 边传周, 罗俊, 彭志锋. 2021—2022 年河南省良凤花种鸡禽白血病病毒感染状况和流行特征[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(2): 138-144.

WANG Rudu, DENG Zuliying, QIAO Hongxing, ZHANG Han, BIAN Chuanzhou, LUO Jun, PENG Zhifeng. Infection Status and Epidemic Characteristics of Avain Leukosis Virus in Liangfenghua Breeding Chicken in Henan Province from 2021 to 2022[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(2): 138-144.

图/表 6

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2021—2022 年河南省良凤花种鸡禽白血病病毒感染状况和流行特征

Infection Status and Epidemic Characteristics of Avain Leukosis Virus in Liangfenghua Breeding Chicken in Henan Province from 2021 to 2022

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