河南农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 88-98.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.02.010

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆2 个典型甜瓜产区土壤重金属污染水平及来源解析

盘菊秀1,2,沈琦2,王晓婷1,2,康琪1,2,勿吉斯古冷1,2,何伟忠2,王成3   

  1. (1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052;2.新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐)/农业农村部荒漠绿洲生态区特色农产品功能营养与健康重点实验室(部省共建),新疆乌鲁木齐830091;3.新疆农业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830091)
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-20 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 何伟忠(1981-),男,山东平度人,研究员,硕士,主要从事农产品品质及其质量安全控制技术研究。E-mail:hewei198112@126.com 王成(1971-),男,陕西白河人,研究员,博士,主要从事农产品质量安全研究。E-mail:wangcheng321@sina.com
  • 作者简介:盘菊秀(2000-),女,湖南永州人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:农产品品质及质量安全控制。E-mail:panjuxiu2022@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02006-1);新疆西甜瓜产业技术体系项目(XJARS-06)

Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Levels and Sources in Melon Fields in Two Typical Producing Areas of Xinjiang

PAN Juxiu1,2,SHEN Qi2,WANG Xiaoting1,2,KANG Qi1,2,WUJISIGULENG1,2,HE Weizhong2,WANG Cheng3   

  1. (1.College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;2.Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Rural Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Functional Nutrition and Health of Characteristic Agricultural Products in Desert Oasis Ecological Zone,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China;3.Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)
  • Received:2024-04-20 Published:2025-02-15 Online:2025-04-07

摘要: 为明确新疆2个典型甜瓜产区土壤重金属污染水平及其来源,选取183份土壤样品为研究对象,参照《土壤重金属测定电感耦合等离子体质谱法》(DB 65T3974—2017),通过电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)对土壤样品中Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Pb、Cu 6种重金属含量进行分析,计算土壤样品的单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数、地累积污染指数及潜在生态风险指数,使用健康风险评价模型,对样品中6种重金属的污染水平进行评估,并采用主成分分析,解析了样品中6种重金属的来源。结果表明,土壤样品6种重金属中As和Cd最大值均超过了风险筛选值,污染程度相对较高。2个产区的内梅罗综合污染指数分别达到了3.74、1.40,分别为重度污染和轻度污染。地累积指数方面,2个产区均以As为最高,即均以As污染程度为最高。污染重金属对儿童的健康风险高于成人,经口摄入途径的贡献率相对较高。土壤中Cr、Ni、Cu可能来源于成土母质,人为活动是样品中As、Cd、Pb的重要来源。综上,需通过多种方式降低人为活动对研究区甜瓜土壤As、Cd污染的影响。

关键词: 甜瓜土壤, 重金属, 污染水平, 污染来源, 新疆

Abstract: In order to determine the level and sources of soil heavy metal pollution in two typical melon fields in Xinjiang,183 soil samples were selected as the research objects,according to the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Soil Heavy Metal Determination(DB 65T3974—2017),the content of six heavy metals,Cr,Ni,As,Cd,Pb,and Cu,in soil samples was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP⁃MS). The single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index,ground accumulation pollution index,and potential ecological risk index of soil samples were calculated.A health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the pollution levels of six heavy metals in the samples,and principal component analysis was used to analyze the sources of the six heavy metals in the samples. The results showed that among the six heavy metals in the soil samples,the maximum values of As and Cd exceeded the risk screening values,indicating a relatively high degree of pollution.The Nemero comprehensive pollution index in the two production areas reached 3.74 and 1.40,respectively,indicating severe and mild pollution. In terms of land accumulation index, both production areas had the highest As pollution level. The health risks of heavy metal pollution to children were higher than those to adults,and the contribution rate of oral intake was relatively higher.Cr,Ni,and Cu in soil might be derived from parent materials,while human activities were an important source of As,Cd,and Pb in the samples. In summary,it is necessary to reduce the impact of human activities on soil As and Cd pollution in melon fields in the study area through various means.

Key words: Melon field soil, Heavy metal, Pollution level, Pollution source, Xinjiang

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