河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 17-32.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.03.002

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮锌配施对夏玉米灌浆期籽粒氮、锌元素吸收和转运的影响

张盼盼1,乔江方1,李川1,张美微1,穆蔚林1,郭涵潇1,岑俊娟2   

  1. (1.河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南省杞县农业农村局,河南 杞县 475203)
  • 收稿日期:2014-01-09 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 乔江方(1982-),男,河南洛阳人,副研究员,博士,主要从事玉米籽粒脱水机制研究。E-mail:qiaojf@126.com
  • 作者简介:张盼盼(1987-),女,河南开封人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事玉米养分高效利用研究。E-mail:zhangpan1602@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2300805);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2022YQ03);河南省重点研发与推
    广专项(222102110167)

Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Combined Application on Absorption and Transport of Nitrogen and Zinc in Summer Maize Grain at Filling Stage

ZHANG Panpan1,QIAO Jiangfang1,LI Chuan1,ZHANG Meiwei1,MU Weilin1,GUO Hanxiao1,CEN Junjuan2   

  1. (1.Cereal Crops Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.Qixian Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Qixian 475203,China)
  • Received:2014-01-09 Published:2024-03-15 Online:2024-04-18

摘要: 以郑单958和谷神玉66为研究对象,大田条件下设置3个施氮量[225 kg/hm2(HN)、180 kg/hm2(MN)、90 kg/hm2(LN)]和4个喷锌时期[不喷锌(Zn0)、苗期和拔节期1∶1喷锌4.5 kg/hm2(Zn1)、拔节期和大口期1∶1喷锌4.5 kg/hm2(Zn2)、大口期喷锌4.5 kg/hm2(Zn3)],分析氮锌配施对夏玉米灌浆期籽粒氮、锌元素吸收和转运的影响,为生产上氮、锌肥的施用提供依据。结果表明,随着生育进程的推进,夏玉米籽粒中氮、锌含量总体上明显下降。成熟期,以MNZn2处理谷神玉66籽粒氮含量最高,为14.64 g/kg,氮累积量则以MNZn2处理郑单958最高;MNZn3处理谷神玉66的籽粒锌含量和累积量较高。MN处理氮花后吸收量及其贡献率均最高,分别为50.42 kg/hm2和44.20%,且锌转运量最高,为61.68 g/hm2;Zn2处理氮花后吸收量及其贡献率和锌转运量贡献率均最高,分别为54.56 kg/hm2、44.31%和17.26%;且这2个处理下的穗粒数、千粒质量和产量较高。氮转运量与氮、锌花后吸收量呈显著或极显著负相关,锌花后吸收量与籽粒中氮、锌含量和氮花后吸收量呈显著或极显著正相关。综上,在夏玉米大田生产中,施用氮肥180 kg/hm2,结合拔节期和大口期1∶1叶面喷施锌肥,能促进夏玉米灌浆期对氮、锌元素的吸收和转运,提高籽粒氮、锌含量,并能维持高产,达到籽粒产量和锌营养品质同步提高的目的。

关键词: 夏玉米, 氮锌配施, 灌浆期, 氮元素, 锌元素, 吸收, 转运

Abstract: Field experiment was conducted with three nitrogen(N)rates(225,180 and 90 kg/ha,named as HN,MN and LN,respectively)and four foliar spray stages of zinc(Zn)(no Zn,spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at seedling stage and jointing stage,spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage,and spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha at flare opening stage,named as Zn0,Zn1,Zn2 and Zn3,respectively).The effect of N and Zn combined application on the absorption and transport of N and Zn in the grain of summer maize was studied at filling stage with ZD958 and GSY66 as materials,so as to provide the basis for fertilization of N and Zn in the production.The result showed that the N and Zn concentrations in grain generally decreased with the growth of plant.At mature stage,GSY66 of MNZn2 treatment had the highest N concentration in grain with 14.64 g/kg,while ZD958 of MNZn2 treatment had the highest N accumulation. GSY66 of MNZn3 treatment had higher Zn concentration and accumulation in grain.MN treatment had the highest N absorption and its contribution rate after anthesis with 50.42 kg/ha and 44.20% respectively,and the highest Zn transport amount with 61.68 g/ha;Zn2 treatment had the highest N absorption and its contribution rate after anthesis with 54.56 kg/ha and 44.31% respectively,and the highest contribution rate of Zn transport amount with 17.26%;under the above two treatments,the grain number per ear,1 000‐grain weight and yield were higher. There was significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation between N transport amount and absorption after anthesis of N and Zn.There was significantly or extremely significantly positive correlation between Zn absorption after anthesis and the concentrations of N and Zn in grain and N absorption after anthesis.To sum up,N application rate of 180 kg/ha and spraying Zn of 4.5 kg/ha according to 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage can promote the absorption and transport of N and Zn at filling stage,increase the concentrations of N and Zn in grain,maintain the high yield,and realize synchronously increase of grain yield and Zn nutrition in the summer maize production.

Key words: Summer maize, Nitrogen and Zinc combined application, Filling stage, Nitrogen, Zinc, Absorption, Transport

中图分类号: