河南农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 48-61.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.01.006

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州两地野生茶树叶片解剖结构比较及抗逆性分析

杨春1,苏胜峰2,杨代星3,梁思慧1,郭燕1,郭灿1,陈正武1   

  1. (1.贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006;2.盘州市淤泥乡农村工作中心,贵州盘州553537;3.贵州大学茶学院,贵州贵阳550025)
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-27 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-02-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈正武(1968-),男,贵州道真人,研究员,本科,主要从事茶树资源育种工作。E-mail:zwchentea@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨春(1988-),女,湖南益阳人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事茶树资源育种与品种抗性研究。E-mail:610681998@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2254号,黔科合平台人才[2020]2103);贵州省农业科学院喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种业创新重点实验室项目(黔农科院种质资源[2023]03)

Comparison of Leaf Anatomical Atructure and Stress Resistance Analysis of Wild Tea Plants in Panzhou City and Sandu County,Guizhou Province

YANG Chun1,SU Shengfeng2,YANG Daixing3,LIANG Sihui1,GUO Yan1,GUO Can1,CHEN Zhengwu1   

  1. (1.Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;2.Rural Work Center of
    Yuni Township,Panzhou City,Panzhou 553537,China;3.Tea College,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
  • Received:2023-02-27 Published:2024-01-15 Online:2024-02-21

摘要: 为更好地开发和利用贵州省盘州市及三都县的野生茶树种质,以24份野生茶树为材料,比较两地野生茶树叶片形态特征和叶片解剖结构特征共23个叶片性状,并结合隶属函数法分析野生茶树的抗逆性。结果表明,盘州和三都两地的野生茶树,在叶片表观上存在明显区别,盘州野生茶树的叶长、叶宽和叶面积极显著大于三都野生茶树,长宽比则极显著小于三都野生茶树。盘州和三都野生茶树在叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、细胞数、主脉厚度、草酸钙晶体密度等16个叶片解剖结构性状上存在显著或极显著差异,相较于三都野生茶树,盘州野生茶树的叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、主脉厚度更厚,栅栏组织细胞排列更紧密,草酸钙晶体密度更大,上(下)表皮细胞厚度更薄。相关性分析显示,23个叶片性状间相关性较强,有43对呈极显著正相关,23对呈显著正相关,17对呈极显著负相关,12对呈显著负相关。聚类分析结果显示,24份野生茶树可分为4类,主脉厚度和维管束短径是主要划分依据。抗性评价结果显示,盘州野生茶树在抗旱性和抗寒性上略优于三都野生茶树。根据平均隶属函数值排序,筛选出SD-20-2、SD-20-3、PZ-05和PZ-09四份综合抗性较优的野生茶树,可作为高抗野生茶树种质选育抗逆性茶树品种。

关键词: 野生茶树, 叶片解剖结构, 栅栏组织, 抗逆性, 贵州

Abstract: To better develop and utilize wild tea germplasms in Panzhou City and Sandu County of Guizhou Province,a total of 24 wild tea plants distributed in the two areas were used as materials,and 23 leaf traits derived from their leaf morphology and anatomical structure characteristics were comparatively analyzed.Based on these traits and combined with the membership function method,the resistance of wild tea plants was analyzed.The results showed that there were obvious differences in leaf appearance between wild tea plants in Panzhou and Sandu. Among them,the leaf length(LL),leaf width(LW)and leaf area(LA)of wild tea plants in Panzhou were significantly larger than that of Sandu,but the leaf length‑to‑width ratio(LR)was the opposite.In addition,there were significant or extremely significant differences in 16 leaf anatomical structural traits such as leaf thickness(LT),thickness of palisade tissue(TP),cell amount(CA),main vein thickness(MVT)and density of calcium oxalate crystal(DCO)between wild tea plants in Panzhou and Sandu. Among them,the LT,TP and MVT of Panzhou wild tea plants were thicker,palisade tissue cells were more densely arranged,calcium oxalate crystals were more dense,and the thickness of upper(lower)epidermis cells was thinner.The pairwise correlation analysis of the above 23 leaf traits showed that 43 pairs of them were highly significantly positively correlated,23 pairs were significantly positively correlated,17 pairs were highly significantly negatively correlated,and 12 pairs were significantly negatively correlated. Cluster analysis showed that the 24 wild tea plants could be divided into 4 categories,with the MVT and short diameter of vascular bundle(SDV)being the main basis for the classification. The results of stress resistance evaluation showed that Panzhou wild tea plants were slightly better than Sandu wild tea plants in drought and cold resistance.According to the average membership function value,SD‑20‑2,SD‑20‑3,PZ‑05 and PZ‑09 were selected as high resistance wild tea germplasms for breeding resistant tea cultivars.

Key words: Wild tea plants, Leaf anatomical structure, Palisade tissue, Resistance, Guizhou

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