河南农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 71-78.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2021.09.009

• 农业资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

国外引进绿肥种质资源在贵州省低磷黄壤的生长利用及留种特性

张钦1,姚单君1,张举梅2,牛雅琼3,王文华1,张爱华1,况胜剑1,廖恒1,朱青1   

  1. (1.贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测试验站,贵州贵阳550006;2.黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086;3.贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025)
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 王文华(1975-),男,贵州贵阳人,研究员,硕士,主要从事农业资源利用研究。E-mail:394115604@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张钦(1988-),女,广西荔浦人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事土壤学与环境生态、绿肥研究。E-mail:1687947879@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y026,[2020]1Y085)

Characteristics of Growth and Utilization and Seed Yield of Green Manure Germplasm Resources Introduced from Abroad in Low⁃Phosphorus Yellow Soil of Guizhou Province

ZHANG Qin1,YAO Danjun1,ZHANG Jumei2,NIU Yaqiong3,WANG Wenhua1,ZHANG Aihua1,KUANG Shengjian1,LIAO Heng1,ZHU Qing1   

  1. (1.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural
    Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agriculture Environment(Guizhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guiyang 550006,China;2.Pratacultural Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;3.Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
  • Received:2021-05-13 Published:2021-09-15 Online:2021-10-13

摘要: 为筛选适宜贵州省低磷黄壤土上生长利用的绿肥种质资源,选取国外引进绿肥种质资源13份,种植于低磷黄壤中,研究其营养期生长速率,盛花期主要农艺性状、养分积累与供应,花穗期,留种量等。结果表明,全氮、全磷、全钾总养分积累量居前三的种质资源为HZMC1374 箭筈豌豆(19.46 g/株)、HZMC1349箭筈豌豆(18.50 g/株)、HZMC1300白芥(15.54 g/株),养分截获与供应能力较高。对于最佳还田利用时间,HZMC1442白芥、HZMC1300白芥、HZMC1298春山芥、HZMC1299春油菜为3月1日至30日,HZMC1539 艾菊叶法色草、HZMC1334 毛叶苕子、HZMC1302 毛叶苕子,为4 月1 日至5 月6 日,HZMC1446豌豆、HZMC1374箭筈豌豆为4月14日至5月4日,HZMC1349箭筈豌豆、HZMC1367箭筈豌豆、HZMC1353箭筈豌豆为4月29日至5月15日,HZMYZW26香青兰为6月3日至21日。对于留种量,HZMC1349箭筈豌豆、HZMC1299春油菜、HZMC1300白芥、HZMC1367箭筈豌豆、HZMC1539艾菊叶法色草留种量较高,分别为607.13、467.93、346.40、276.47、256.93 kg/hm2

关键词: 绿肥种质资源, 国外引进, 留种, 利用, 低磷, 黄壤

Abstract: To screen green manure germplasm resources that are suitable for growth in low⁃phosphorus yellow soil of Guizhou Province,13 green manure germplasm resources introduced from abroad were planted in low⁃phosphorus yellow soil,and the growth rate at vegetative growth stage,main agronomic characters,nutrient accumulation and supply at full⁃bloom stage,flowering period and seed retention were analyzed. The results showed that the top three green manure germplasm resources of total nutrientcontent of total N,P and K were HZMC1374(Vicia sativa L.),HZMC1349(Vicia sativa L.) and HZMC1300(Sinapis alba)with the total nutrient contents of 19.46,18.50 and 15. 54 g/plant,and their nutrient interception and supply capacity were higher. In terms of optimal utilization time to return to the field,HZMC1442(Sinapis alba),HZMC1300,HZMC1298(scurvy grass) and HZMC1299(spring rapeseed)were returned to the fields from March 1 to March 30;HZMC1539(Phacelia tanacetifolia),HZMC1334(Vicia villosa),HZMC1302(Vicia villosa)were returned to the field from April 1 to May 6 ;HZMC1446(pea) and HZMC1374 were returned to the field from April 14 to May 4;HZMC1349,HZMC1367(Vicia sativa L.)and HZMC1353(Vicia sativa L.)were returned to the field from April 29 to May 15;HZMYZW26(Dracocephalum moldovica Linn.)was returned to the field from June 3 to June 21.The seed yields of HZMC1349,HZMC1299,HZMC1300,HZMC1367 and HZMC1539 were higher,which were 607.13,467.93,346.40,276.47 and 256.93 kg/ha respectively.

Key words: Green manure germplasm resource, Introduction from abroad, Seed yield, Utilization, Low?phosphorus, Yellow soil

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