河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 17-23.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.05.003

• 作物栽培·遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

高温干旱复合胁迫对玉米光合生理的影响

王雅坤1,李鸿萍2,徐真真2,刘天学2   

  1. (1.河南省乡村产业发展服务中心,河南 郑州 450002;2.河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室/作物生长发育调控教育部重点实验室,河南 郑州 450046)
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 李鸿萍(1988-),女,河南周口人,讲师,博士,主要从事玉米抗逆高产栽培工作。E-mail:hongpingli2019@163.com
  • 作者简介:王雅坤(1971-),女,辽宁北票人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事农业技术推广工作。E-mail:690262630@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省软科学研究项目(232400410399);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300704)

Effects of Combined Stress of High Temperature and Drought on Photosynthetic Physiology of Maize

WANG Yakun1,LI Hongping2,XU Zhenzhen2,LIU Tianxue2   

  1. (1.Henan Rural Industry Development Service Centre,Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development,Ministry of Education,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
  • Received:2023-01-03 Published:2023-05-15 Online:2023-06-08

摘要: 以玉米耐高温品种郑单958和高温敏感品种先玉335为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,研究高温、干旱及高温干旱复合胁迫对玉米苗期叶片光合生理的影响,为培育耐高温干旱的优良玉米品种提供理论依据。结果表明,胁迫处理后郑单958叶绿素含量均较自然环境生长(CK)显著减少,且所有处理间差异显著,以高温干旱复合胁迫减少幅度最大,先玉335叶绿素含量变化与郑单958一致且受胁迫影响减少幅度更大;郑单958叶绿素a/b在干旱和高温干旱复合胁迫下均大于CK,先玉335仅高温干旱复合胁迫下大于CK。胁迫处理后郑单958和先玉335叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和电子传递速率均下降或显著下降,以干旱胁迫下降幅度最大,且干旱和高温干旱复合胁迫下郑单958下降幅度大于先玉335。高温胁迫显著增加了郑单958叶片中磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPCase)活性;干旱及高温干旱复合胁迫对郑单958叶片中PEPCase活性无显著影响,但显著降低了核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubisco)活性。各胁迫条件下先玉335叶片中PEPCase活性均低于CK,以高温干旱复合胁迫减少幅度最大;Rubisco活性均显著低于CK,以干旱胁迫减少幅度最大。综上,干旱及高温干旱复合胁迫对玉米苗期光合生理影响较大,且不同品种对上述3种胁迫响应存在差异。

关键词: 玉米, 高温, 干旱, 复合胁迫, 光合生理

Abstract: The effect of high temperature(H),drought(D)and combined stress of high temperature and drought(HD)on photosynthetic physiology of maize seedling was studied with high temperature‐tolerant Zhengdan 958(ZD958)and high temperature‐sensitive Xianyu 335(XY335)by pot experiment,so as to provide theoretical basis for breeding of excellent maize varieties resistant to high temperature and drought.The results indicated that compared with CK without stress,the chlorophyll content of ZD958 leaves significantly decreased under stresses,there was significant difference among treatments,and the HD treatment showed the greatest reduction.The change of chlorophyll content of XY335 was consistent with that of ZD958,and the influence was greater.The ratio of chlorophyll a to b in ZD958 leaves increased under D and HD conditions,while it increased for XY335 only under HD condition.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,electron transport rate in ZD958 and XY335 leaves all(even significantly)decreased,D treatment had the greatest changes,and the decrements in ZD958 were more than that in XY335 under D and HD conditions.The activity of phosphoenol‐pyruvate carboxylase(PEPCase) in ZD958 leaves significantly increased under H condition,while no obvious changes of that were observed under D and HD conditions,but the activity of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(Rubisco) significantly decreased under D and HD conditions.The activity of PEPCase in XY335 leaves decreased compared with CK under stresses,and the decrement of HD treatment was the greatest.The activity of Rubisco in XY335 leaves significantly decreased compared with CK under stresses,and the decrement of D treatment was the greatest. Overall,D and HD stresses have greater influence on photosynthetic physiology of maize seedling,and different varieties have different responses to the above three kinds of stress.

Key words: Maize, High temperature, Drought, Combined stress, Photosynthetic physiology

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