河南农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 95-107.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.01.010

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同砧穗组合对猕猴桃溃疡病的抗性差异及机制分析

贺占雪1,2,朱太富1,李欣1,苏效兰1,刘惠民3,王连春3   

  1. (1.西南林业大学园林园艺学院,云南 昆明 650224;2.丽江市经济作物工作站,云南 丽江 674100;3.西南林业大学林学院,云南 昆明 650224)
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-12 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 王连春(1973-),男,重庆开州人,副教授,博士,主要从事经济林栽培与利用研究。E-mail:504769285@qq.com
  • 作者简介:贺占雪(1994-),女,云南丽江人,硕士,主要从事果树生理及抗病性研究。E-mail:1655392786@qq.com。朱太富为同等贡献作者
  • 基金资助:
    云南省农业基础研究联合专项(2018FG001-056);西南林业大学科研预研基金项目(110822079)

Analysis of Differences and Mechanism of Resistance to Canker among Different Kiwifruit Rootstock‑Scion Combinations

HE Zhanxue1,2,ZHU Taifu1,LI Xin1,SU Xiaolan1,LIU Huimin3,WANG Lianchun3   

  1. (1.College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;2.Lijiang Economic Crops Workstation,Lijiang 674100,China;3.Faculty of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)
  • Received:2022-07-12 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2023-03-08

摘要: 以不同砧木[昭通猕猴桃(A1)、显脉猕猴桃2号(A2)、簇花猕猴桃(A3)、硬毛猕猴桃(A4)]、不同接穗[红阳猕猴桃(B1)、Hort16-A(B2)、贵长猕猴桃(B3)、Hort16-A 种子繁殖植株(B4)]、不同病原菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae,Psa)菌液浓度[5×105(C1)、5×106(C2)、5×107(C3)、5×108(C4)cfu/mL]和不同接种方式[注射接种(D1)、创伤接种(D2)、针刺接种(D3)、无伤接种(D4)]4个因素进行L16(44)正交试验设计,探讨不同因素对猕猴桃溃疡病病情指数的影响,分析接种Psa病原菌后植株生理生化指标的变化及其与溃疡病病情指数的相关性,为今后猕猴桃溃疡病的防治、野生猕猴桃资源的利用以及抗病性的分析提供理论依据。结果表明,16个组合中,A1B4C4D4、A2B2C1D4、A3B1C3D4、A4B3C2D4组合对溃疡病表现为高抗,A3B4C2D1、A4B4C1D3组合表现为抗病,A1B1C1D1、A1B2C2D2、A1B3C3D3、A2B1C2D3、A2B3C4D1、A3B2C4D3组合表现为耐病,A2B4C3D2、A3B3C1D2、A4B1C4D2、A4B2C3D1组合表现为感病;4个因素中,接种方式是影响猕猴桃溃疡病病情指数的主要因素,最优组合是A1B3C1D4(昭通猕猴桃为砧木、贵长猕猴桃为接穗、Psa病原菌菌液浓度5×105 cfu/mL、无伤接种)。接种Psa病原菌后10~40 d,猕猴桃叶片中过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和可溶性糖含量均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,脯氨酸含量和丙二醛含量呈现持续上升的趋势。病情指数与POD、SOD、PPO活性,可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量均呈显著或极显著负相关,而与丙二醛含量呈显著或极显著正相关。综上,伤口是引起猕猴桃溃疡病发生的主要因素,菌液浓度、接穗、砧木对猕猴桃的抗病性也产生不同程度的影响,砧木的抗性能够有效增强接穗的抗病性;POD、SOD、PPO活性和可溶性糖、脯氨酸、丙二醛含量均与病情指数存在线性关系,可以作为评价猕猴桃抗溃疡病的生理指标。

关键词: 猕猴桃, 溃疡病, 砧穗组合, 抗病性, 生理指标, 相关性分析

Abstract: The experiment was carried out with different rootstocks[Zhaotong kiwifruit(A1),Xianmai kiwifruit No.2(A2),Cuhua kiwifruit(A3)and Yingmao kiwifruit(A4)],different scions[Hongyang kiwifruit(B1),Hort16‑A(B2),Guichang kiwifruit(B3)and Hort16‑A seed propagation plant(B4)],different concentrations of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)[5×105(C1),5×106(C2),5×107(C3)and 5×108(C4)cfu/mL)and different inoculation methods[injection inoculation(D1),trauma inoculation(D2),needle inoculation(D3)and no injury inoculation(D4)].The L16(44)orthogonal test was designed to investigate the effect of different factors on the disease index of kiwifruit canker,and analyze the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of the plants after inoculation with Psa pathogen and their correlation with the disease index of canker,so as to provide a theoretical basis for future control of kiwifruit canker,use of wild kiwifruit resources and analysis of disease resistance.The results showed that A1B4C4D4,A2B2C1D4,A3B1C3D4 and A4B3C2D4 combinations showed high resistance to canker,A3B4C2D1 and A4B4C1D3 combinations showed resistance to canker,A1B1C1D1,A1B2C2D2,A1B3C3D3,A2B1C2D3,A2B3C4D1 and A3B2C4D3 combinations showed tolerance to canker,and A2B4C3D2,A3B3C1D2,A4B1C4D2 and A4B2C3D1 combinations showed susceptibility to canker;the inoculation method was the main factor affecting the disease index of kiwifruit canker among the four factors,and the optimal combination was A1B3C1D4(Zhaotong kiwifruit as rootstock,Guichang kiwifruit as scion,Psa concentration of 5×105 cfu/mL,and injury‑free inoculation). At 10—40 days after inoculation with Psa,the activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and content of soluble sugar in leaves increased first and then decreased,and the contents of proline and malondialdehyde showed continuous upward trend.The disease index was significantly negatively correlated with POD,SOD,PPO activities,soluble sugar content and proline content,and significantly positively correlated with malondialdehyde content.In summary,wound was the main factor causing the occurrence of kiwifruit canker disease,bacterial concentration,scion and rootstock all had different degrees of influence on plant disease resistance,and the resistance of rootstock could effectively enhance the disease resistance of scion.The POD,SOD,PPO activities and contents of soluble sugar,proline and malondialdehyde had linear relationship with the disease index,which could be used as physiological indicators to evaluate the kiwifruit resistance to canker.

Key words: Kiwifruit, Canker, Rootstock?scion combination, Disease resistance, Physiological index, Correlation analysis

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