关键词: 黄褐土, 酸化, 土壤改良, 玉米, 光合响应, 生物质炭, 微生物菌剂

Abstract: In order to deal with the existing serious acidification problems in yellow cinnamon soil,and explore appropriate methods,the acidified yellow cinnamon soil was selected as the research object,five kinds of fertilization treatments[ no fertilization(CK),traditional fertilization ( CT),microbial fertilizer addition(WJ),high(T₂₀ ) and low(T₂₀₀) amounts of biochar addition] were chosen to carry out the experiment of soil acid mitigation regulation in corn season.The results showed that,compared with CK treatment,CT treatment showed no significant change in pH,content of soil organic matter(SOM),base ions such as exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and exchangeable sodium(P>0.05) after
corn harvest,indicating that conventional fertilization is not conducive to the improvement of acidified yellow cinnamon soil.Compared with CK, the soil pH value and SOM content of WJ, T₂₀ and T₂₀₀ treatments increased significantly,in which the pH value reached 4.80,6.45 and 5.92 after corn harvest,and the SOM content reached 14.5,26.5 and 17.3g/kg,respectively.The addition of biochar and microbial fertilizer could significantly alleviate acidification and improve the quality of yellow cinnamon soil.At the same time,comparing the exchangeable ion content of different fertilization treatments,we found that the exchangeable potassium,exchangeable sodium,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable
magnesium contents of the soil treated with WJ,T₂₀ and T₂₀₀ were significantly higher than those treated with CT and CK,indicating that the addition of microbial fertilizer and biochar can effectively hold the key base ions in the yellow cinnamon soil.Not only that,comparing the photosynthetic indicators in the key growth period of corn with different treatments,we found that the WJ,T₂₀ and T₂₀₀ treatments had higher leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate(Tr) in big trumpet stage and higher Pn,Gs ,Tr in grain filling stage than those of CK and CT treatments,indicating that the addition of microbial fertilizer and biochar not only improved the acidification of yellow cinnamon soil, but also improved various physiological indicators of corn.In addition, comparing the improvement effects of different biochar addition amounts, we found that significantly higher Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr,soil pH value,above-ground dry mass and root dry mass of maize existed in T₂₀ treatment than that of T₂₀₀ treatment,indicating that increasing the amount of biochar may be more beneficial to the alleviation of yellow cinnamon soil acidification.All in all,adding biochar and microbial fertilizer is an effective means to improve acidified yellow cinnamon soil,and increasing the
amount of biochar can further improve the improvement effect.

Key words: Yellow cinnamon soil, Acidification, Soil improvement, Corn, Photosynthetic response;Biochar, Microbial agent