河南农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 92-98.DOI: 10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2019.11.013

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

2株芝麻真菌病害生防菌的抑菌特征、促生评价及鉴定

何碧珀,赵辉,刘红彦,倪云霞,文艺,刘新涛   

  1. (河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部华北南部农作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002)
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-10 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘新涛(1975-),男,河南巩义人,副研究员,主要从事植物病害生物防治研究。E-mail:lxt.good@163.com
  • 作者简介:何碧珀(1985-),女,河南灵宝人,硕士,主要从事植物病害生物防治研究。E-mail:hebibo19840815@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省农业科学院自主创新专项(2018ZC45);国家特色油料产业技术体系真菌病害防控岗位项目(CARS-14-1-19)

 Inhibitory Effects,Growth-promotion Evaluation and Identification of Two Biocontrol Bacteria against Fungal Diseases of Sesame

 HE Bipo,ZHAO Hui,LIU Hongyan,NI Yunxia,WEN Yi,LIU Xintao   

  1.  ( Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China) ,Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
  • Received:2019-04-10 Published:2019-11-15 Online:2019-11-15

摘要: 为获取高效、安全的芝麻病害生防资源,开展芝麻病害绿色防控,采用平板对峙法和含毒介质法测定从采集的412份土壤样品中筛选出的生防菌株SFB34和SFB109的抑菌特性,并对其进行促生评价和鉴定。结果表明,2个菌株对芝麻菜豆壳球孢、尖镰孢、索氏平脐蠕孢、多主棒孢、球黑孢5种常见的芝麻病原真菌均有较好的抑菌作用,菌株SFB34及其发酵液滤液的抑菌率介于47.13%~88.89%,菌株SFB109及其发酵液滤液的抑菌率介于38.84%~86.90%;利用灌根法测定的促生作用结果表明,SFB34、SFB109菌株的5×108 cfu/mL菌悬液对芝麻幼苗的株高增长率分别为8.91%、8.57%,根长增长率分别为22.42%、13.16%,鲜质量增长率分别为28.02%、20.88%,干质量增长率分别为23.52%、11.76%;形态观察、生理生化和分子生物学相结合的分类鉴定结果表明,SFB34菌株为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),SFB109菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。本研究结果为将SFB34和SFB109作为芝麻真菌病害的生物防治资源并进一步开发利用提供理论依据。

关键词: 芝麻, 生防菌, 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌, 枯草芽孢杆菌, 筛选, 鉴定

Abstract:  In order to obtain effective and safe biocontrol resources to control sesame fungal diseases,SFB34 and SFB109 were screened from 412 soil samples.The antagonistic abilities to the pathogens(Mac rophomina phaseolina,Fusarium oxysporum,Bipolaris sorokiniana,Corynespora cassiicola and Nigrospora sphaerica) were detected through plate confrontation method and toxic medium method,and their promo tion evaluation and identification were carried out.The results indicated that the strains( SFB34 and SFB109) had good inhibitory effects on the five pathogens.The inhibition ratios of the fermentation fil trates of strains SFB34 and SFB109 ranged from 47.13% to 88.89% and from 38.84% to 86.90%,re spectively.The plant promoting ability was detected through root-drenching method. The bacteria resus pensions of 5×108 cfu/mL SFB34 and SFB109 could promote sesame seedlings growth significantly.Strain SFB34 increased the plant height,root length,fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings by 8.91%,22.42%,28.02% and 23.52%,while strain SFB109 increased by 8.57%,13.16%,20.88% and 11.76%,respectivly.The screened biocontrol bacteria were identified by morphological observation,phys iological biochemistry and molecular criteria.It showed that SFB34 was classified into Bacillus velezensis and SFB109 was classified into Bacillus subtilis.This study provided a theoretical basis for further devel opment and utilization of SFB34 and SFB109 as biological control resources for sesame fungal diseases.

Key words:  Sesame, Biocontrol bacteria, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, Screening, Identification

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