Effects of Addition Amounts，Treatment Durations and Pretreatment Durations of Different Chalcogens on Cadmium Absorption and Transport of Wheat Seedlings under Cadmium Stress

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.06.001

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the effects of chalcogens（sulfur，selenium and tellurium） on cadmium（Cd）absorption and transport of wheat seedlings，the effects of different types［Na₂SO₄（sulfate，SVI），Na₂SO₃（sulfite，SIV），Na₂SeO₄（selenate，SeVI），Na₂SeO₃（selenite，SeIV），and Na₂TeO₃（thioselenite，TeIV）］，addition amounts（600，1 200，2 400 μmol/L for SVI and SIV，and 5，15，30 μmol/L for SeVI，SeIV，and TeIV），treatment durations（2，6，12，24，48，96，168 h）and pretreatment durations（0，24，72，168 h）of chalcogens on Cd absorption kinetics，content and translocation factor of wheat seedlings were studied.The results showed that compared with Cd treatment alone（control），SVI，SeVI and SeIV had a relatively smaller impact on the Cd absorption rate and the maximum absorption rate（V_max）. However，SIV and TeIV had a greater impact on the Cd absorption rate and V_max，among which the 1 200 μmol/L SIV and 15 μmol/L TeIV treatments had the higher V_max，with 88.1% and 54.4% higher than the control，respectively.The 600 μmol/L SIV treatment had the highest Cd Michaelis constant（K_m），which was 39.7% higher than the control；while K_m of SeIV and TeIV treatments decreased. The addition of chalcogens could significantly reduce Cd contents of root and shoot.Among them，SeIV had the greatest impact on Cd content of root，Cd contents of roots of 5，15，and 30 μmol/L SeIV treatments decreased by 56.1%，61.2%，and 61.5% compared with the control，respectively. Compared with the control，the Cd translocation factor of 1 200 and 2 400 μmol/L SVI treatments significantly decreased by 2.4% and 14.0%，respectively.Chalcogens promoted Cd absorption of root when the treatment duration was ≤24 h，inhibited Cd absorption of root when the treatment duration was ≥48 h，and reduced Cd content of root by 34.9%（SVI）to 49.1%（SeIV）compared with the control at 168 hours. Chalcogens significantly decreased Cd content of shoot when the treatment duration was ≥96 h，the reducing effect of SeVI and TeIV with the treatment duration ≥48 h on the Cd content of shoot was more significant. Compared with the control，the 168 h treatment of SeVI and TeIV reduced Cd content of shoot by 48.4% and 50.7%，respectively.When the duration of chalcogen treatment was ≤96 h，the Cd translocation factor was significantly higher than or not significantly different from the control. When the duration of chalcogen treatment was 168 h，the Cd
translocation factor of SeVI and TeIV treatments significantly decreased compared with the control.Chalcogen pretreatment could reduce Cd contents of root and shoot. With the pretreatment time extension，the Cd contents of root and shoot under SIV treatment，the Cd content of shoot and Cd translocation factor under SVI treatment，and Cd translocation factor under TeIV treatment all showed decrease trend.At 168 h of pretreatment，Cd translocation factors of SVI and TeIV decreased by of 33.9% and 7.1% compared with the control，respectively. In conclusion，the effects of chalcogens on the Cd absorption and transport are influenced by type，addition amount，treatment duration and pretreatment duration.The 1 200，2 400 μmol/L SVI and 15 μmol/L TeIV reduce Cd translocation factor through enhancing the Cd fixation in roots. Treatment with chalcogens for more than 48 h obviously decreases Cd content of root，and more than 96 h significantly decreases Cd content of shoot. Chalcogens pretreatment can reduce Cd contents of root and shoot，and 168 h of SVI pretreatment has the lowest Cd translocation factor，which is 33.9% lower than the control.

Key words: Wheat, Cadmium stress, Chalcogens, Application amount, Treatment duration, Pretreatment duration, Absorption, Transport

摘要： 为探讨硫族元素（硫、硒和碲）对小麦幼苗镉（Cd）吸收转运的影响，研究硫族元素种类［Na₂SO₄（硫酸盐，SVI）、Na₂SO₃（亚硫酸盐，SIV）、Na₂SeO₄（硒酸盐，SeVI）、Na₂SeO₃（亚硒酸盐，SeIV）和Na₂TeO₃（亚碲酸盐，TeIV）］、添加量（SVI 和SIV 浓度为600、1 200、2 400 μmol/L，SeVI、SeIV 和TeIV 浓度为5、15、30 μmol/L）、处理时长（2、6、12、24、48、96、168 h）和预处理时长（0、24、72、168 h）对小麦幼苗Cd吸收动力学、含量和转运系数的影响。结果表明，与单独Cd处理（对照）相比，SVI、SeVI和SeIV对小麦幼苗根系Cd 吸收速率和最大吸收速率（V_max）的影响较小，而SIV 和TeIV 对Cd 吸收速率和V_max 影响较大，1 200 μmol/L SIV和15 μmol/L TeIV处理V_max较大，分别比对照提高88.1%和54.4%；600 μmol/L SIV处理米氏常数（K_m）最高，较对照提高39.7%，而SeIV和TeIV处理K_m降低。添加硫族元素能明显降低小麦根系和地上部Cd含量，其中，SeIV对根系Cd含量的影响最大，5、15、30 μmol/L SeIV分别使根系Cd含量比对照显著降低56.1%、61.2%、61.5%；1 200、2 400 μmol/L SVI使Cd转运系数较对照显著降低，分别降低2.4%、14.0%。硫族元素处理24 h内促进根系Cd吸收，处理≥48 h抑制根系Cd吸收，处理168 h时可使根系Cd含量较对照降低34.9%（SVI）~49.1%（SeIV）。硫族元素处理时长≥96 h显著降低地上部Cd含量，其中，SeVI和TeIV处理时长≥48 h降低地上部Cd含量的效果较显著，处理168 h时分别使地上部Cd含量较对照降低48.4%和50.7%。硫族元素处理时长≤96 h时Cd转运系数显著高于对照或与对照差异不显著；处理时长为168 h时，SeVI和TeIV使Cd转运系数显著低于对照。硫族元素预处理可降低小麦根系和地上部Cd含量。随预处理时长增加，SIV处理根系和地上部Cd含量、SVI处理地上部Cd含量和转运系数、TeIV处理Cd转运系数均呈降低趋势；预处理168 h时，SVI和TeIV分别使Cd转运系数较对照降低33.9%和7.1%。综上，硫族元素的种类、添加量、处理时长和预处理时长都会影响Cd的吸收和转运；1 200、2 400 μmol/L SVI和15 μmol/L TeIV通过增强根部对Cd的固定降低Cd转运系数；硫族元素处理时长≥48 h明显降低根部Cd含量，处理时长≥96 h显著降低地上部Cd含量；硫族元素预处理可降低小麦根系和地上部Cd含量，SVI预处理168 h时Cd转运系数最低，较对照降低33.9%。

关键词: 小麦, 镉胁迫, 硫族元素, 添加量, 处理时长, 预处理时长, 吸收, 转运

CLC Number:

S512

ZHOU Jinghang, WANG Zenghao, ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Xia, LIU Jiajia, HU Tiezhu, ZHANG Dazhong. Effects of Addition Amounts，Treatment Durations and Pretreatment Durations of Different Chalcogens on Cadmium Absorption and Transport of Wheat Seedlings under Cadmium Stress[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(6): 1-10.

周荆航, 王增昊, 张磊, 张夏, 刘佳佳, 胡铁柱, 张大众. 不同硫族元素添加量、处理及预处理时长对镉胁迫下小麦幼苗镉吸收转运的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2026, 55(6): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 8

References

［1］HOU D Y，JIA X Y，WANG L W，et al. Global soil pollution by toxic metals threatens agriculture and human health［J］. Science，2025，388（6744）：316⁃321.
［2］吴孟孟，聂兆君，许嘉阳，等. 施钼对镉污染土壤中冬小麦镉吸收及转运的影响［J/OL］. 农业环境科学学报，2025（2025⁃06⁃20）［2025⁃09⁃01］. https：//kns. cnki. net/KCMS/detail/detail. aspx？filename=NHBH20250612002&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
WU M M，NIE Z J，XU J Y，et al. Effect of molybdenum application on cadmium uptake and transport by winter
wheat in cadmium contaminated soil［J/OL］. Journal of Agro⁃Environment Science，2025（2025⁃06⁃20）［2025⁃09⁃01］.https：//kns. cnki. net/KCMS/detail/detail. aspx？filename=NHBH20250612002&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ.
［3］刘娜，张少斌，郭欣宇，等. 小麦籽粒镉含量影响因素Meta分析和决策树分析［J］. 环境科学，2023，44（4）：2265⁃2274.
LIU N，ZHANG S B，GUO X Y，et al. Influencing factors of cadmium content in wheat grain：A meta⁃analysis and decision tree analysis［J］. Environmental Science，2023，44（4）：2265⁃2274.
［4］RIZWAN M，ALI S，ABBAS T，et al. Cadmium minimization in wheat： A critical review［J］.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety，2016，130：43⁃53.
［5］LI L. Effect of combined pollution of Cd and B［a］P on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of wheat［J］. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies，2015，24：157⁃163.
［6］易超，史高玲，陈恒强，等. 长江中下游麦区不同小麦品种镉积累差异研究［J］. 农业环境科学学报，2022，41（6）：1164⁃1174.

YI C，SHI G L，CHEN H Q，et al. Differences in cadmium accumulation among different wheat varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River，China［J］. Journal of Agro⁃Environment Science，2022，41（6）：1164⁃1174.

［7］LI D，LIN H J，ZHANG M，et al. Urine cadmium as a risk factor for osteoporosis and osteopenia：A meta⁃analysis［J］. Frontiers in Medicine，2021，8：648902.

［8］CLEMENS S，AARTS M G M，THOMINE S，et al. Plant science：The key to preventing slow cadmium poisoning［J］. Trends in Plant Science，2013，18（2）：92⁃99.

［9］KIM Y D，YIM D H，EOM S Y，et al. Differences in the susceptibility to cadmium⁃induced renal tubular damage and osteoporosis according to sex［J］. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology，2014，38（1）：272⁃278.

［10］COBBETT C，GOLDSBROUGH P. Phytochelatins and metallothioneins：Roles in heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis［J］. Annual Review of Plant Biology，2002，53：159⁃182.

［11］LU Y，WANG Q F，LI J，et al. Effects of exogenous sulfur on alleviating cadmium stress in tartary buckwheat［J］. Scientific Reports，2019，9：7397.

［12］SHI G L，LIU H，ZHOU D M，et al. Sulfur reduces the root⁃to⁃shoot translocation of arsenic and cadmium by regulating their vacuolar sequestration in wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）［J］. Frontiers in Plant Science，2022，13：1032681.

［13］SAEED K，NISA F K，ALI ABDALLA M，et al. The interplay of sulfur and selenium enabling variations in micronutrient accumulation in red spinach［J］.International Journal of Molecular Sciences，2023，24 （16）：12766.

［14］ALVES L R，PRADO E R，DE OLIVEIRA R，et al.Mechanisms of cadmium⁃stress avoidance by selenium in tomato plants［J］. Ecotoxicology，2020，29（5）：594⁃606.

［15］SHEKARI L，KAMELMANESH M M，MOZAFARIYAN M，et al. Role of selenium in mitigation of cadmium toxicity in pepper grown in hydroponic condition［J］.Journal of Plant Nutrition，2017，40（6）：761⁃772.

［16］ZHU J J，ZHAO P，NIE Z J，et al. Selenium supply alters the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cadmium and the expression of transporter genes involved in cadmium uptake and translocation in winter wheat（Triticum aestivum）［J］. BMC Plant Biology，2020，20（1）：550.

［17］WU C，DUN Y，ZHANG Z J，et al. Foliar application of selenium and zinc to alleviate wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）cadmium toxicity and uptake from cadmium⁃contaminated soil［J］. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety，2020，190：110091.

［18］王振搏，刘红恩，许嘉阳，等. 镉胁迫下施硒对冬小麦幼苗镉吸收、抗氧化能力及植株超微结构的影响［J］. 植物营养与肥料学报，2023，29（3）：530⁃543.

WANG Z B，LIU H E，XU J Y，et al. Effects of selenium application on cadmium uptake，antioxidant activity，and ultrastructure of winter wheat seedlings under cadmium stress［J］. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers，2023，29（3）：530⁃543.

［19］ ZHANG D Z，LIU J J，CHENG T T，et al. Strategic selenium application methods and timing enhance grain yield，minimize cadmium bioaccumulation，and optimize selenium fortification in Triticum aestivum L［J］.Agronomy，2025，15（1）：199.

［20］ANAN Y，YOSHIDA M，HASEGAWA S，et al.Speciation and identification of tellurium⁃containing metabolites in garlic，Allium sativum［J］. Metallomics，2013，5（9）：1215⁃1224.

［21］ZHANG D Z，ZHANG Y B，ZHOU H，et al. Chalcogens reduce grain Cd accumulation by enhancing Cd root efflux and upper organ retention in wheat（Triticum aestivum L.）［J］. Environmental and Experimental Botany，2022，201：104975.

［22］KHAN M I R，NAZIR F，ASGHER M，et al.Selenium and sulfur influence ethylene formation and alleviate cadmium⁃induced oxidative stress by improving proline and glutathione production in wheat［J］. Journal of Plant Physiology，2015，173：9⁃18.

［23］WANG L Z，WU K Y，LIU Z Q，et al. Selenite reduced uptake/translocation of cadmium via regulation of assembles and interactions of pectins，hemicelluloses，lignins，callose and Casparian strips in rice roots［J］.Journal of Hazardous Materials，2023，448：130812.

［24］HÄNSCH R，LANG C，RIEBESEEL E，et al. Plant sulfite oxidase as novel producer of H₂O₂：Combination of enzyme catalysis with a subsequent non⁃enzymatic reaction step［J］. The Journal of Biological Chemistry，2006，281（10）：6884⁃6888.

［25］YU Y X，YANG Y B，GUO Y，et al. Exogenous selenium enhances cadmium stress tolerance by improving physiological characteristics of Artemisia argyi seedlings［J］. Scientific Reports，2025，15：3450.

［26］YANG L，HUANG S Q，LIU Y，et al. Selenate regulates the activity of cell wall enzymes to influence cell wall component concentration and thereby affects the uptake and translocation of Cd in the roots of Brassica rapa L［J］.Science of the Total Environment，2022，821：153156.

［27］LIU Z Q，WU Z H，CHEN Q Y，et al. Selenite inhibited cadmium translocation and stimulated root growth of Brassica rapa L. ：Regulation of element uptake，polysaccharide synthesis and crosslink，and cell wall enzymes［J］.Environmental and Experimental Botany，2023，211：105344.

［28］LI H L，PU P，LI X R，et al. Sulfur application reduces cadmium uptake in edible parts of pakchoi（Brassica chinensis L.） by cadmium chelation and vacuolar sequestration［J］. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety，2020，194：110402.
［29］BASHIR H，IBRAHIM M M，BAGHERI R，et al.Influence of sulfur and cadmium on antioxidants，phytochelatins and growth in Indian mustard［J］. AoB Plants，2015，7 plv001.
［30］DI X R，JING R，QIN X，et al. Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of different forms of selenium in reducing cadmium uptake and accumulation in wheat seedlings［J］. Chemosphere，2023，340：139888.
［31］SANDALIO L M，ESPINOSA J，SHABALA S，et al.Reactive oxygen species⁃ and nitric oxide⁃dependent regulation of ion and metal homeostasis in plants［J］.Journal of Experimental Botany，2023，74（19）：5970⁃5988.

［32］ZHANG W，LIN K F，ZHOU J，et al. Cadmium accumulation，sub⁃cellular distribution and chemical forms in rice seedling in the presence of sulfur［J］.Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology，2014，37（1）：348⁃353.
［33］ZHAO Y Y，HU C X，WU Z C，et al. Selenium reduces cadmium accumulation in seed by increasing cadmium retention in root of oilseed rape（Brassica napus L.）［J］. Environmental and Experimental Botany，2019，158：161⁃170.
［34］LI X Z，YU H，SUN X W，et al. Effects of sulfur application on cadmium bioaccumulation in tobacco and its possible mechanisms of rhizospheric microorganisms［J］. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2019，368：308⁃315.
［35］赵立松. 不同价态硒及硒硫互作对小麦农艺性状及生理指标的影响［D］. 太谷：山西农业大学，2020：16⁃24.
ZHAO L S. Effects of different valence selenium and selenium⁃sulfur interaction on wheat agronomic traits and physiological indexes［D］. Taigu：Shanxi Agricultural University，2020：16⁃24.
［36］王海希，周浩民，李柳燕，等. 硒预处理对镉胁迫下荷花幼苗生长和生理的影响［J］. 植物资源与环境学报，2019，28（2）：64⁃70.
WANG H X，ZHOU H M，LI L Y，et al. Effect of selenium pretreatment on growth and physiology of Nelumbo nucifera seedlings under cadmium stress［J］.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment，2019，28（2）：64⁃70.

[1]	WANG Junmei, LIU Lulu, LIU Kai, LI Yahong, FENG Chaohong, SHI Ruijie, HAN Zihang, DU Xijun, XU Fei. Molecular Response of Wheat Serine/Threonine Kinase to Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici and Plant Hormones [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(6): 81-91.
[2]	LIANG Lu, YIN Kun, ZHANG Weijie, ZHUANG Qiuli, XU Bohan, TIAN Kaiyue, ZHANG Dongjie, ZHANG Donghui, HUANG Yubo. Impact of Vermicompost Application Rate for Winter Wheat on Dry Matter Accumulation，Transportation，and Yield of Subsequent Maize in Lime Concretion Black Soil [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(5): 43-52.
[3]	MA Xuhui, ZHANG Fuyan, ZHAO Wan, WANG Jiahuan, CHENG Zhongjie, ZHANG Zhongzhou, LI Liulong, DING Jiacun, ZHAO Chi, WANG Hanfeng, CHEN Xiaojie. Analysis of High and Stable Yield Performance and Genetic Characteristics of New Wheat Cultivar Yutong 112 [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(4): 23-32.
[4]	ZHANG Yunhong, YANG Yonghui, ZHANG Sensen, ZHANG Zeli, ZHANG Shuiqing, GAO Cuimi, HE Fang, HAN Weifeng, ZHANG Huan, PAN Xiaoying, WANG Bohan. Effects of Different Soil Conditioners on the Quality of Acidified Sandy Ginger Black Soil，and the Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Wheat [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(4): 79-89.
[5]	SONG Yang, ZHANG Kangzhuang, HU Dandan, LIU Zhenzhen, WANG Xiaoxuan, TANG Xuanming. Effects of Sugar Osmosis on Quality and Microstructure of Vacuum Freeze‑dried Pear Slices [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(4): 172-180.
[6]	TAO Hua, DING Jingli, REN Zhijie, HE Ailing, LIU Gaoyuan, DU Jun. Effects of Nitrogen Reduction Combined with Different Types of Fertilizers on Yield and Nitrogen Use of Winter Wheat [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2026, 55(2): 1-11.
[7]	ZHANG Suyu, LIU Hongjie, REN Dechao, YANG Mingda, GE Jun, ZHAO Jingling, ZHU Peipei, ZHENG Dongfang. Effects of Exogenous Regulators on Superior and Inferior Grain Filling and Yield of Wheat [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(9): 23-33.
[8]	WANG Haodong, LU Yifang, YANG Shan, LIU Fengying, WANG Gang. Effect of the gacS Gene in Pseudomonas chlororaphis on the Biocontrol Efficacy against Wheat Take‑all Disease [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(9): 112-118.
[9]	MA Shangying, XIA Tingting, HAN Pengbin, ZHANG Mengjiao, MAO Yingjie, WANG Zhiqiang, XIN Zeyu, LIN Tongbao, LIAN Yanhao, REN Yongzhe. Effects of Application Rate and Method of Nitrogen on Winter Wheat Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization，Yield and Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Residue under Wide‑Narrow Row Planting [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(8): 38-50.
[10]	LIU Xinglin, LIU Yuan, YANG Fan, LIU Buchun, HAN Rui. Research on County‑Level Yield Simulation of Winter Wheat in Henan Province Based on Machine Learning Algorithms [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(8): 167-180.
[11]	ZANG Hecang, ZHOU Meng, WANG Yahui, PENG Yilong, ZHAO Qing, ZHANG Jie, LI Guoqiang. Study on Wheat Spike Automatic Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv8n [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(7): 162-169.
[12]	WANG Haiyang, JIN Haiyang, SONG Hang, PAN Xiuyan, YAN Yaqian, YANG Xiwen, ZENG Zhaohai, ZANG Huadong, ZHENG Nian, LI Xiangdong, HE Dexian. Effects of Different Preceding Crops on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transportation，Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization and Yield of Winter Wheat [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(6): 1-10.
[13]	ZHANG Jili, ZHANG Tie, LIU Zhenping, WANG Peng, LONG Huaiyu. Effect of Allantoin on Phosphorus Uptake and Transport in Maize under Dry and Wet Alternation of Soil Moisture [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(6): 55-62.
[14]	LI Hua, CHEN Liang, DU Leichao, LIU Bin, ZHANG Shengyin, ZHANG Jinghui. Effects of Different Application Depth and Application Amount of Water Retaining Agent on Photosynthetic Characteristics，Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Maize [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(5): 10-22.
[15]	LI Xiaode, BAI Xintong, WU Enzhao, LÜ Chunlei, CHEN Shulin, YIN Guihong, WANG Daowen, ZHANG Kunpu. Composition Analysis of Vernalization and Photoperiod Genes in Varieties（lines）Derived from Core Wheat Parent Zhou 8425B [J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(5): 23-30.