Isolation，Identification and Pathogenicity Analysis of Shewanella putrefaciens from Rainbow Trout

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.016

Abstract

Abstract: To clarify the pathogenic characteristics of bacterial diseases in a rainbow trout farm in Gansu Province and provide scientific basis for their prevention and control，a dominant strain SP001 was isolated from the viscera of the diseased rainbow trout. Comprehensive studies were conducted by morphological observation，Gram staining，biochemical identification，16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis，virulence gene detection，growth characteristics determination，antibiotic sensitivity test，artificial regression infection assay and histopathological analysis. The results showed that the strain SP001 was a Gram‑negative rod‑shape bacterium，and its 16S rDNA sequence was 99.86% similar to that of Shewanella putrefaciens strain Sh1. Phylogenetic analysis further confirmed its taxonomic status. It carried dksA and fur virulence genes. The growth characteristics showed stable proliferation at both the optimal rainbow trout water temperature（18℃）and the higher temperature of 28 ℃ .It was sensitive to quinolones and some aminoglycoside antibiotics，and resistant to most β‑lactams. The cumulative mortality rate of artificial infection test for 7 days was 80%.The diseased fish showed characteristic lesions such as hemorrhage of fin base，necrosis of gill tissue，hepatosplenomegaly，which was consistent with the natural symptoms. In summary，the pathogen of rainbow trout disease in the farm is Shewanella putrefaciens，and the findings from this study provide an important theoretical basis for the diagnosis and prevention of the disease.

Key words: Rainbow trout, Shewanella putrefaciens, 16S rDNA, Antibiotic sensitivity test, Artificial regression infection assay

摘要： 为明确甘肃省某虹鳟养殖场细菌性疾病的致病特征并为其防控提供科学依据，自患病虹鳟内脏中分离得到一株优势菌SP001，综合采用形态学观察、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S rDNA测序与系统发育分析、毒力基因检测、生长特性测定、药敏试验、人工感染试验及病理组织学分析等方法对其进行研究。结果表明，菌株SP001 为革兰氏阴性杆菌，其16S rDNA 序列与腐败希瓦氏菌（Shewanella putrefaciens strain Sh1）相似度达99.86%，系统发育分析进一步确认其分类地位；携带dksA 和fur 毒力基因；生长特性测定显示，该菌在虹鳟适宜水温（18 ℃）及更高的28 ℃下均能稳定增殖；对喹诺酮类和部分氨基糖苷类抗生素敏感，对大多数β-内酰胺类耐药；人工感染试验7 d累计死亡率达80%，病鱼表现鳍基部出血、鳃组织坏死、肝脾肿大等特征性病变，与自然发病症状一致。综上，该养殖场虹鳟病害的病原为腐败希瓦氏菌，相关研究结果为该病的诊断与防治提供了重要的理论依据。

关键词: 虹鳟, 腐败希瓦氏菌, 16S rDNA, 药敏试验, 人工回归感染试验

CLC Number:

S943

LIU Yuhao, SONG Guolin, LIU Jixing, LIU Zhe. Isolation，Identification and Pathogenicity Analysis of Shewanella putrefaciens from Rainbow Trout[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(11): 152-159.

刘宇昊, 宋国林, 柳纪省, 刘哲. 虹鳟腐败希瓦氏菌的分离鉴定及致病性分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(11): 152-159.

Figures/Tables 11

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