Studies on Pollen Viability and Storage Characteristics of Yuluxiang Pear Hybrid Progeny

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.01.014

Abstract

Abstract: This study explored the variation characteristics of pollen fertility and pollen storage characteristics in pear hybrid progeny，to provide a basis for production application and theoretical research. The pollens from 20 strains of each hybrid progeny of Yuluxiang×Shinseiki and Yuluxiang×Xianghongli crosses were used as test materials.The fertility of the pollens was determined by determining the germination rate of different strains by in vitro culture，and the pollens of 3‑4，7‑9，6‑17，10‑4 and 6‑3 strains were stored at −20 ℃ to observe the change of vigour during storage. The results showed that the pollen germination rates of 15 out of 20 strains of the Yuluxiang×Shinseiki cross progeny differed to different degrees of significance，and there were 5 sterile strains.The pollen viability of 7 out of 20 strains of Yuluxiang×Xianghongli cross progeny had different degrees of significant differences，and there were 13 sterile strains. Pollen viability after 13 months of storage was not significantly different from fresh pollen for 17 strains in the two cross combinations，while fresh pollen and pollen stored for 13 months were significantly different for 3 strains，with decreases of 34.91% for strain 10‑173，55.48% for strain 3‑4 and 100% for strain 2‑13.The results of pollen viability dynamics of five strains of 3‑4，7‑9，6‑17，10‑4 and 6‑3 stored at -20℃ showed that the pollen viability of 7‑9，6‑17 and 6‑3 increased and then decreased with the prolongation of storage time，while the pollen viability of 3‑4 showed no significant change in the first three months，and then began to decrease.Among the five strains，the pollen germination rate of 6‑3，10‑4，6‑17，and 7‑9 did not decrease compared with that of fresh pollen after 13 months of storage，while that of 3‑4 was less than 50% of that of fresh pollen.There are significant differences in pollen viability to varying degrees and different proportions of sterile strains in the progeny of both the Yuluxiang×Shinseiki and Yuluxiang×Xianghongli crosses；the pollen viability of the progeny of the former combination is significantly higher than that of the latter combination，and the proportion of sterile strains is significantly lower than that of the latter combination. -20℃ low temperature condition is suitable for pear pollen storage for one year，and the pollen viability after storage can meet the pollination requirements.

Key words: Yuluxiang, Shinseiki, Xianghongli, Hybrid progeny, Pollen viability, Storage

摘要： 探讨梨杂交后代花粉生活力变异特点以及花粉贮藏特性，为生产应用和理论研究提供依据。以玉露香×新世纪和玉露香×香红梨亲本及杂交后代各20个株系的花粉为试材，通过离体培养法测定不同株系花粉的萌发率来确定花粉的育性，并在-20 ℃条件下贮藏3-4、7-9、6-17、10-4、6-3株系的花粉，观察贮藏过程中生活力的变化。结果表明，玉露香×新世纪杂交后代的20个株系中15个株系的花粉萌发率存在不同程度的显著性差异，不育株系有5个。玉露香×香红梨杂交后代的20个株系中7个株系的萌发率存在不同程度的显著性差异，不育株系有13个。2个杂交组合中17个株系贮藏13个月后的花粉生活力和新鲜花粉无显著差异或高于新鲜花粉，3个株系的新鲜花粉和贮藏13个月的花粉具有显著差异，10-173 株系的下降幅度为34.91%，3-4 株系的下降幅度为55.48%，2-13 株系的下降幅度为100%。−20 ℃条件下贮藏的3-4、7-9、6-17、10-4、6-3等5个株系的花粉生活力动态检测结果表明，随着贮藏时间的延长，7-9、6-17、6-3的花粉生活力先升后降，3-4的花粉生活力前3个月没有显著变化，之后开始下降。其中，6-3、10-4、6-17、7-9的花粉贮藏13个月的萌发率和新鲜花粉相比没有降低；3-4的花粉萌发率不足新鲜花粉的50%。玉露香×新世纪和玉露香×香红梨杂交后代花粉萌发率均存在不同程度的显著性差异和不同比例的不育株系；前者组合后代的花粉萌发率明显高于后者组合，且不育株系比例明显低于后者组合。-20 ℃低温条件适合梨花粉1 a期的贮藏，贮藏后的花粉萌发率能满足授粉要求。

关键词: 玉露香梨, 新世纪, 香红梨, 杂交后代, 花粉生活力, 贮藏

CLC Number:

S661.2

HUANG Ping, YANG Ce, PENG Jianying, ZHANG Yuxing. Studies on Pollen Viability and Storage Characteristics of Yuluxiang Pear Hybrid Progeny[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 54(1): 136-143.

黄平, 杨策, 彭建营, 张玉星. 玉露香梨杂交后代花粉生活力及其贮藏特性研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2025, 54(1): 136-143.

Figures/Tables 6

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