Abstract: The long‑term monoculture intensive farming model has led to continuous cropping obstacles，resulting in soil acidification and fertility decline，which have become significant challenges hindering the sustainable development of agriculture. Crop rotation system，as an important agricultural management measure，can effectively improve soil structure，reduce the accumulation of self‑toxic substances，and break the cycle of pathogens，thereby alleviating the negative impacts of continuous cropping obstacles. This paper summarises the primary causes of continuous cropping obstacles and explores the mechanisms through which crop rotation system mitigate these obstacles from various perspectives，including soil properties，nutrient composition，enzyme activity，allelochemicals，crop yield，and quality.Additionally，it provides insights into the current challenges faced by crop rotation system in practical production and their future prospects，aiming to offer references for further research on crop rotation system.

Key words: Crop rotation, Continuous cropping obstacle, Soil health, Soil indicator

摘要： 长期单一化的集约种植模式引发的连作障碍导致了土壤酸化、肥力衰退，严重制约了农业可持续发展。轮作制度作为重要农业管理措施，可通过改善土壤结构、减少自毒物质积累、打破病原菌循环等途径缓解连作障碍。概括了连作障碍的主要成因，从土壤性质、养分构成、酶活性、化感物质及作物产量和品质等方面探讨轮作缓解连作障碍的作用机制，同时结合当前轮作制度在实际生产中存在的问题及发展前景，对未来研究方向进行展望，以期为轮作制度的深入研究提供参考。

关键词: 轮作, 连作障碍, 土壤健康, 土壤指标